Deck 7: The Criminal Courts

Question 1

These courts are fact-finding bodies whose job it is to determine the facts of a case.

A) Trial courts
B) Appellate courts
C) Community courts
D) Supreme courts

Answer 1

A

Question 2

This is a dispute between two private parties.

A) Argument
B) Crime
C) Tort
D) Community prosecution

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which court is the nation's highest court?

A) Appellate court
B) Supreme Court
C) District court
D) Community court

Answer 3

B

Question 4

_________ occurs when a prosecutor is assigned to the case from initial appearance through disposition and works with the police, community, and other agencies to secure convictions and solve the problems that led to the criminal behavior.

A) Vertical prosecution
B) Procedural justice
C) Community prosecution
D) Preventive detention

Question 5

This act authorizes the pretrial detention of categories of offenses or offenders.

A) The Federal Judiciary Act of 1789
B) The Federal Bail Reform Act of 1984
C) Baldwin v. New York
D) Beckwith v. State

Question 6

________ courts have developed and spread to deal with a range of community problems through the application of the criminal law.

A) Restorative
B) Appellate
C) Supreme
D) Community

Question 7

Which of the following is a criticism of bail bond agents?

A) Profit as the motive behind pretrial release
B) Lack of regulation of bail agents
C) Irregularities in the posting of bond
D) All of the above

Question 8

____________ means that a defendant has significant ties to the community and as such, would be released without posting bail.

A) Preventive detention
B) Release on recognizance
C) Pretrial detention
D) Nolle prosequi

Question 9

By pleading __________, the conviction from criminal courts cannot be used against the defendant in other proceedings, especially civil actions.

A) Not guilty
B) Guilty
C) Nolle prosequi
D) Nolo contendere

Question 10

Defendants charged with _____ are least likely to obtain release before trial

A) Violent offenses
B) Property offenses
C) Drug offenses
D) Public-order offenses

Question 11

This plea shifts the burden of proof form the state to the defense.

A) Nolo contendere
B) Not guilty by reason of insanity
C) Guilty
D) Not guilty

Question 12

The jury trial is the "balance wheel" of the court process.

Question 13

The resolution of criminal cases more often entails competition than compromise.

Question 14

A court of limited jurisdiction typically is constrained to hearing only minor cases.

Question 15

In most cases, the Supreme Court is not obligated to decide a case and only elects to do so by granting a writ of certiorari.

Question 16

To this day, each U.S. district court has two states within its jurisdiction.

Question 17

With the exception of traffic cases, the civil caseload represents the largest portion of court workload.

Question 18

Trials occur in more than 20% of felony cases in the United States.

Question 19

The preliminary hearing occurs in open court.

Question 20

Double jeopardy occurs when the jury cannot reach consensus.

Question 21

Community courts seek to use the justice system and its coercive control to ensure that drug offenders receive the treatment necessary to prevent future crime.

Question 22

Williams v. Florida ruled that any criminal defendant facing a punishment of more than 6 months of incarceration has the right to trial by jury.

Question 23

The bail decision is typically not concerned with assessing evidence.

Question 24

Police tend to be "forward looking" in attempting to justify an arrest, whereas the prosecutor is "backward looking" in attempting to predict the likelihood of successful prosecution.

Question 25

In only about 5 percent of cases does the grand jury go against the wishes of the prosecutor and issue a "no bill," or fail to indict.