Deck 3: Managing Stress and Coping With Life's Challenges

Question 1

The function of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is to

A) return the body to a state of homeostasis.
B) enable the body to deal with increasing amounts of stress.
C) increase the body's awareness of the stress response.
D) change the body's response to stress.

Answer 1

return the body to a state of homeostasis.

Question 2

Physiological responses such as increased heart rate and blood pressure occur in response to stress during which stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

A) Homeostasis
B) Exhaustion
C) Resistance
D) Alarm

Answer 2

Alarm

Question 3

Carrying a heavy course load, working at a demanding part-time job, and having ongoing conflicts with her roommate resulted in Jana becoming so mentally and physically drained that she ended up in the hospital. Which phase of the general adaptation syndrome had she reached?

A) Alarm
B) Resistance
C) Tolerance
D) Exhaustion

Answer 3

Exhaustion

Question 4

You are speeding down the highway and see the flashing lights of a police car in your rearview mirror. Your heart begins to pound as you slow down, but the police car passes you in pursuit of someone else. Your physical reaction occurs at which stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

A) Alarm
B) Resistance
C) Exhaustion
D) Recovery

Question 5

As part of the stress response, the hormone epinephrine is released. What are some of the changes that are triggered in the body due to its release?

A) Heart and respiratory rates decrease
B) Heart and respiratory rates increase
C) Digestion speeds up
D) Visual perception is decreased

Question 6

A school examination is an example of a(n)

A) stressor.
B) response.
C) problem.
D) antidote to stress.

Question 7

Eduardo's football team is playing the number one team in their division. They have to win this game to qualify for the regional championship. Eduardo is stressed because of the extreme importance of this game. This kind of stress is

A) chronic stress.
B) eustress.
C) distress.
D) acute stress.

Question 8

An ongoing state of physiological arousal in response to ongoing or numerous perceived threats is

A) eustress.
B) chronic stress.
C) distress.
D) acute stress.

Question 9

Common physical effects of unresolved stress include

A) diabetes and autoimmune disease.
B) kidney disease and hair loss.
C) cardiovascular disease and weight gain.
D) lung cancer and prostate cancer.

Question 10

What is the function of cortisol during the stress response?

A) It increases heart and respiratory rates.
B) It decreases the appetite.
C) It mobilizes nutrients to be available for energy.
D) It improves breathing and relieves pain.

Question 11

Debilitating tension and strain are associated with negative stress, also known as

A) distress.
B) eustress.
C) acute stress.
D) adaptive stress.

Question 12

An example of a tangible stressor is

A) worrying about an upcoming exam.
B) a confrontation with an angry coworker.
C) feeling nervous about making a public speech.
D) thinking about the next family vacation.

Question 13

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for triggering the release of stress hormones?

A) Sympathetic nervous system
B) Central nervous system
C) Peripheral nervous system
D) Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 14

Tiffany has been under a great deal of stress during the past year and has experienced unexplained weight gain. Which of the following hormones may be linked to her weight gain?

A) Epinephrine
B) Norepinepherine
C) Cortisol
D) Insulin

Question 15

You just realized that you have a 10-page paper due tomorrow and you have not even started it yet. Which part of the brain determines the overall reaction to this type of stress?

A) Brain stem
B) Hypothalamus
C) Cerebral cortex
D) Pituitary gland

Question 16

The 2011 Stress in America survey reported which two concerns to be the leading causes of stress in American adults?

A) Housing and health issues
B) Money and work issues
C) Family responsibilities and money issues
D) Relationships and health issues

Question 17

The physiological state in which the body's systems are functioning normally is known as

A) distress.
B) eustress.
C) homeostasis.
D) adaptation.

Question 18

The reaction that occurs in our bodies when we perceive danger is the

A) alarm response.
B) fight-or-flight response.
C) adaptation response.
D) resistance response.

Question 19

An example of an event that is likely to be associated with eustress is

A) bouncing several checks.
B) getting sick right before finals.
C) getting a promotion at work.
D) forgetting to complete an assignment.

Question 20

Sasha wakes up suddenly when she hears a strange noise. After a few moments, she realizes that the noise was caused by her cat jumping up on her dresser and not an intruder. Which part of Sasha's nervous system is responsible for slowing the body functions that were stimulated by her stress response?

A) Central nervous system
B) Peripheral nervous system
C) Sympathetic nervous system
D) Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 21

You just realized that you must take two extra courses this quarter and get straight A's if you want to go to law school. This situation is an example of

A) conflict.
B) pressure.
C) change.
D) hassles.

Question 22

When the body's stress response is activated, which of the following occurs?

A) Blood flow to muscles decreases.
B) Salivation increases.
C) Blood-clotting ability increases.
D) Blood-clotting ability decreases.

Question 23

Among college students, stress related to academic performance is often associated with

A) a tendency toward hypertension.
B) increased need for professional counseling.
C) more frequent upper respiratory tract infections.
D) substance abuse.

Question 24

A student who gets good grades, is president of her sorority, and works 25 hours a week at her job would likely be experiencing stress due to

A) hassles.
B) coping.
C) overload.
D) conflict.

Question 25

Increased plaque build-up in the arteries and increased blood pressure can indicate a direct relationship between stress and

A) respiratory disease.
B) cancer.
C) digestive disorders.
D) cardiovascular disease.

Question 26

Misplacing your cell phone, spilling coffee all over yourself as you are trying to get out the door, and then missing the bus are examples of

A) chronic stressors.
B) hassles.
C) pressure.
D) overload.

Question 27

Selena and Lucy are servers in the same restaurant. Selena finds the job stimulating and enjoys the fast pace. Lucy, on the other hand, finds the work stressful and exhausting. Which internal factor explains their different perceptions?

A) Appraisal
B) Self-esteem
C) Ideation
D) Self-efficacy

Question 28

Megan's neighbor plays her stereo so loudly that Megan cannot concentrate. The loud music is an example of which type of distressor?

A) Natural
B) Internal
C) Conflict-based
D) Background

Question 29

Feeling extremely burdened by the demands made on us is a state known as

A) overload.
B) conflict.
C) discord.
D) depression.

Question 30

Being quick to anger, distrusting others, and having a cynical attitude are toxic characteristics of which personality type?

A) Type D
B) Type C
C) Type B
D) Type A

Question 31

Low self-esteem and low self-efficacy are which type of stressors?

A) Internal
B) External
C) Background
D) Environmental

Question 32

Environmental stressors of which people are often unaware are

A) frustrations and conflicts.
B) overload.
C) family stressors.
D) background distressors.

Question 33

According to studies in psychoneuroimmunology, how does long-term stress affect immunity?

A) Stress only affects short-term immune system function.
B) Long-term stress impairs the body's ability to fight infection.
C) Long-term stress affects cognitive function and memory.
D) The immune system's response to stress is determined by genetics.

Question 34

Telogen effluvium and alopecia areata are two stress-related conditions that result in

A) low back pain.
B) digestive problems.
C) hair turning gray.
D) hair loss.

Question 35

Susan was anxious about making a presentation at work. In an effort to overcome her anxiety, she practiced her presentation in front of several friends. This is an example of

A) coping.
B) cognitive restructuring.
C) stress inoculation.
D) dichotomy.

Question 36

Stress created by overuse of technology and the constant state of connection is known as

A) technodistress.
B) technosis.
C) technology dependency.
D) technostress.

Question 37

Which of the following statements is True regarding the effects of long-term stress?

A) Long-term stress causes 80% of all deaths in the United States.
B) Long-term stress can lead to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and weight gain.
C) Long-term stress increases the size of the hippocampus.
D) Long-term stress does psychological damage but has no physiological effects.

Question 38

Joe is an overachieving sales manager who puts a lot of pressure on his employees. When his sales team doesn't perform up to his expectations, he often confronts them, criticizing their performance and threatening to fire them. He accuses them of trying to make him appear incompetent to his boss. Which component of Joe's personality most increases his risk for cardiovascular disease?

A) Hostility
B) Competitiveness
C) Poor communication
D) Compulsiveness

Question 39

Which of the following best describes a Type C personality?

A) Relaxed
B) Hostile
C) Stoic
D) Distressed

Question 40

Steps you can take to reduce stress include

A) exercising regularly and learning to laugh at life's ups and downs.
B) maintaining a strenuous and structured exercise program.
C) setting high goals and diligently tracking those goals as part of striving to be the best.
D) taking a long time to adapt to change.

Question 41

The body's stress response can be triggered by a dangerous situation that is completely imaginary.

Question 42

Both eustress and distress can trigger the fight-or-flight response.

Question 43

Katya is afraid of public speaking, but Jim is not. However, both will have the same stress response when they deliver a speech to a large audience.

Question 44

At the resistance stage of the general adaptation syndrome, the body achieves complete calm.

Question 45

A healthy way to deal with anger is to

A) suppress it.
B) distract yourself with an activity you enjoy.
C) avoid the people who make you angry.
D) express it constructively.

Question 46

Extreme stress may cause hair loss.

Question 47

A corporate executive takes an early retirement from his high-stress city job and moves to a small rural community. He takes up painting again after 30 years and sells his work at weekend art fairs. This is an example of

A) stress inoculation.
B) cognitive coping.
C) downshifting.
D) stress management.

Question 48

Relaxation techniques are used for stress management because they

A) improve memory and focus.
B) calm anxiety and improve coping skills.
C) increase metabolic rate and prevent weight gain.
D) increase strength and flexibility.

Question 49

Alyssa is a hard-driven perfectionist who finds her fast-paced job in marketing to be enjoyable and rewarding. She has high self-esteem and takes responsibilities for her mistakes. Which of the following attributes best protect Allison from developing cardiovascular disease?

A) She has a Type C personality.
B) She has psychological hardiness.
C) She has no family history of CVD.
D) She has a Type D personality.

Question 50

A tangible stressor is a thought or fear that initiates a stress response.

Question 51

Creating pleasant mental images that promote relaxation is a technique known as

A) anger management.
B) visualization.
C) dream therapy.
D) meditation.

Question 52

The parasympathetic nervous system initiates the body's fight-or-flight response.

Question 53

Stress among college students is associated with

A) dropping out.
B) lack of physical activity and substance abuse.
C) increased use of social supports.
D) poor problem-solving skills.

Question 54

Chronic stress may cause weight gain.

Question 55

The pituitary gland functions as control center of the sympathetic nervous system, directing the body's stress response.

Question 56

An effective way to avoid overcommitment is to

A) say "No" in a kind but firm manner.
B) schedule time for others' needs first.
C) withdraw from others so they won't bother you.
D) promise to help fix others' problems at a later time.

Question 57

Effective time management practices involve

A) doing the tasks you find the most interesting first.
B) piling work materials on your desk as a reminder to do them.
C) asking others to take responsibility for some of your work.
D) prioritizing your tasks and doing one thing at a time.

Question 58

ACTH signals the adrenal glands to release the hormone cortisol as part of the stress response.

Question 59

Regular exercise helps in stress management by

A) improving a person's appearance.
B) slowing heart and respiratory rates.
C) raising endorphin levels and improving mood.
D) raising endorphin levels and increasing the need for sleep.

Question 60

Effective coping strategies that can help alleviate daily stress include

A) being realistic and managing your time.
B) resisting change and maintaining the status quo.
C) vowing to avoid repeating mistakes.
D) avoiding exercise to prevent becoming overtired.

Question 61

Exercise can "burn off" the stress hormones that would otherwise have deleterious psychological and physiological effects.

Question 62

Psychological hardiness is a desirable trait that involves having a sense of control, commitment, and the ability to thrive on challenge.

Question 63

Living in a dangerous neighborhood is considered an environmental stressor.

Question 64

Anger is often the result of frustrations, resentments, perceived threats, or unmet expectations.

Question 65

Utilizing a variety of technological devices reduces a person's stress levels because it allows for constant access to friends and work- or school-related issues.

Question 66

By simplifying his or her life, a process also known as "downshifting," a person can experience less stress and pressure.

Question 67

Stress has been identified as one of the key modifiable risk factors for heart attack.

Question 68

Experiencing discrimination due to race, nationality, age, religious beliefs, or sexual orientation is not a significant stressor because it will strengthen an individual's coping skills.

Question 69

The best dietary approach to combat stress is to consume sympathomimetics to maintain energy.

Question 70

Higher incidences of the common cold among college students during finals week can be related to impaired immune functioning due to stress.

Question 71

People who are Type A personalities can incorporate stress management and coping strategies to learn to handle stressful situations more like Type Bs.

Question 72

College students suffering from overload have a good chance of performing well on tests because they are used to dealing with high-pressure situations.

Question 73

Meditation stimulates the sympathetic nervous system to promote relaxation.

Question 74

In the long run, minor hassles are never as stressful as major life changes.

Question 75

When people use cognitive restructuring, they focus on learning to manage stress by modifying how they think and talk to themselves.

Question 76

A person with a high stress level has an increased risk for hypertension and cardiovascular disease.

Question 77

Consistently elevated stress hormone levels decrease the immune system's ability to fight infections.

Question 78

Students from other countries who attend college in the United States without a strong social support network will likely experience more stress-related illnesses than American students.

Question 79

Health care professionals who work long hours are particularly prone to stress, overload, and burnout.

Question 80

Suppressing anger can be as unhealthy as expressing it aggressively.