Deck 12: Hazard Mitigation Planning

Question 1

Most hurricane-related deaths and property damage are a result of______________

A) storm surges
B) rip tides
C) tornadoes spawned from hurricanes
D) water toxins

Answer 1

A

Question 2

_________________, which are meant to protect the shore from erosion by trapping sand, can worsen erosion on neighboring beaches.

A) berms
B) levees
C) groins
D) seawalls

Answer 2

C

Question 3

_____________ are barriers created by grading or filling areas with soil and are meant to keep floodwaters from reaching buildings.

A) berms
B) floodproofing
C) culverts
D) floodwalls

Answer 3

A

Question 4

All of the following except which one are considered by FEMA to be steps in the development of a hazard mitigation plan?

A) Conduct a risk assessment
B) Review community capability
C) Develop a mitigation strategy
D) Adopt the National Incident Management System

Question 5

Low Impact Development or Green Infrastructure are often used to manage stormwater by:

A) limiting impervious surfaces and developing techniques for runoff to be absorbed
B) building more effective stormwater treatment facilities to protect water quality
C) funneling stormwater away from vulnerable properties as a form of mitigation
D) none of the above

Question 6

Over the long-term, the most sustainable approach to minimize damages and losses from natural hazards is to guide development away from _______________.

A) the political process
B) hazard-prone areas
C) natural habitats
D) ocean front properties

Question 7

________________establish the distance that construction can take place from a known fault line to prevent damage to structures from earthquakes.

A) fault zone barriers
B) fault zone limits
C) fault zone setbacks
D) fault zone ordinances

Question 8

Among the mitigation strategies that are used to strengthen buildings and facilities are:

A) seismic retrofitting, reverse 911, floodproofing, fireproofing
B) seismic retrofitting, elevation, floodproofing, windproofing
C) emergency supply kits, barrier construction, windproofing, floodproofing
D) emergency supply kits, CERT training, windproofing, surgeproofing

Question 9

Reservoirs are water storage facilities that are located behind dams, and are used to hold water during peak runoff periods.

Question 10

The potential for dam failure is too unlikely to address through mitigation.

Question 11

Levees, dikes and floodwalls should not be used to reclaim land in the floodplain for development.

Question 12

One less expensive way to reduce flood damage is to engage in partial floodproofing by elevating only the heating, ventilating and cooling (HVAC) equipment, such as furnaces and hot water heaters.

Question 13

Wet floodproofing means that all areas below flood level are made watertight.

Question 14

Wetlands act as natural flood controls by storing tremendous amounts of floodwaters and slowing and reducing downstream flows.

Question 15

Real estate disclosure laws do not require that the buyer and lender be notified if property is located in a hazard-prone area.

Question 16

Some beachfront communities attempt to cope with shoreline erosion by investing in beach __________ projects that replace or add sand to widen the beach.

Question 17

Stormwater _________ typically flows along the surface of the ground and may ultimately be discharged into bodies or enter stormwater treatment facilities.

Question 18

The process of land _________ and relocation, often referred to as buyout programs, can be an expensive yet effective way for communities to minimize the number of residents living in the most vulnerable areas.

Question 19

_____________ raises the lowest habitable floor above the 100-year flood level, so that rising water typically flows under the building, without harming the structure.

Question 20

_____________________ typically involves improvements to the aerodynamics of a structure, the materials used in its construction, or adding features like storm shutters and shatter-resistant window panes to reduce damage from wind.

Question 21

Describe what FEMA means by the step of a comphrensive hazard mitigation planning process: create an outreach strategy.

Question 22

Describe at least two potential disadvantages of using structural engineering approaches to mitigation, such as constructing seawalls or jetties.