Deck 7: The Contemporary Scene in the Age of Wundt

Question 1

Brentano's act psychology held that physical events have immanent objectivity while mental ones display intrinsic completeness.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Stumpf's Berlin psychology laboratory studied space perception, audition, and the psychology of music.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

G. E. Müller, a systematic experimental psychologist, invented the memory drum.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Rubin's distinction between figure and ground proposed that an attended item becomes the field of consciousness and the non-extended context becomes the focus.

Question 5

The physicist Ernst Mach argued that the data of all sciences are percepts.

Question 6

Ebbinghaus's epoch-making experiments on memory were inspired by Fechner's Elements of Psychophysics.

Question 7

Retroactive inhibition is a process of massed and distributed practice.

Question 8

Calkins's experiments with paired associates established the phenomena of reminiscence and eugenics.

Question 9

Ward's tripartite psychology proposed that the basic psychological processes are cognition, feeling, and conation.

Question 10

Brentano's act psychology argued that

A) crucial experiments are preferred over systematic experiments
B) mental events have intrinsic completeness
C) physical events display immanent objectivity
D) none of these

Question 11

Stumpf's Berlin psychology laboratory

A) undertook phenomenological studies
B) made extensive use of Müller's memory drum
C) concentrated its research primarily on color theory
D) all of these

Question 12

Which of the following was NOT a product of

A) behavioral genetics
B) the effects of massed and distributed practice
C) experimental work on eidetic imagery
D) experiments using memory drums E. Müller's laboratory?

Question 13

Ewald Hering contributed

A) all of these
B) a nativistic account of space perception
C) a three-cone theory of color vision
D) a standardized series of papers graded from white to black

Question 14

Hermann Ebbinghaus was a pioneer in

A) both c and d
B) neither c nor d
C) the testing of intelligence
D) the experimental study of memory

Question 15

The doctrine of imageless thought that emerged from Külpe's Würzburg school

A) challenged Wundt's claim that experimental methods cannot be used to study higher mental processes
B) established that word associations can generate a determining tendency
C) showed that Einstellung or set is controlled by levels of consciousness
D) proposed that questionnaires are a method of choice for studying imagery

Question 16

Galton's work in behavioral genetics

A) used the family pedigree method
B) led him to the invention of fingerprinting
C) generated the mathematical tool of the coefficient of correlation
D) none of these

Question 17

Ward's tripartite psychology proposed that the basic psychological processes are

A) cognition, feeling, and conation
B) similarity, contrast, and contiguity in space and time
C) memory, imagination, and intelligence
D) reminiscence, assimilation, and dissimilation

Question 18

McDougall's "hormic" psychology

A) all of these
B) proposed that all psychological acts are purposive
C) considered psychology the science of behavior
D) included instincts as major concepts

Question 19

The "new" psychology of the late nineteenth century

A) all of these
B) concentrated on introspection about conscious content
C) was experimental and evolutionary
D) was elementistic and associationistic

Question 20

What was Brentano's distinction between crucial and systematic experiments?

Question 21

What did Brentano mean with his contrast between intrinsic completeness and immanent objectivity?

Question 22

Describe what Stumpf meant by phenomenology.

Question 23

What did the Würzburgers mean by "determining tendency" or set?

Question 24

How did Hering propose that inorganic matter can exhibit memory?

Question 25

For what purpose did Ebbinghaus invent nonsense syllables?

Question 26

What were Ebbinghaus's main methods for the experimental study of memory?

Question 27

Describe Ebbinghaus's forgetting curve.

Question 28

What was the most significant finding of the experiments performed by the Würzburg school?

Question 29

To what extent did the "new" psychology of the late nineteenth century display Muenzinger's eight trends?

Question 30

Why did McDougall call his psychology hormic or purposive?
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Answers to short answer questions for Chapter 7: The Contemporary Scene in the Age of Wundt

Question 31

Contrast Brentano's act psychology with Wundt's system.

Question 32

What were Jost's contributions to the psychology of memory?

Question 33

How is Hering's opponent-process theory consistent with the all-or-none law?

Question 34

What do the following terms mean: remote associations, overlearning, retroactive inhibition, and reminiscence?

Question 35

What is the coefficient of correlation, and what role has it played in psychology?

Question 36

What did Brentano and McDougall mean by "act psychology?"

Question 37

What were the contributions of E. Müller's students: Jost, Katz, Ach, Jaensch, and Rubin?

Question 38

Summarize Hering's color theory.

Question 39

What were the main contributions of Ebbinghaus's experiments on memory?

Question 40

List some of the important findings of students at the Würzburg school.