Question 1

___________ is the red liquid that a special nylon-tipped swab is placed in after obtaining a nasopharyngeal swab culture for viral pathogens.&#10;A) Scott's medium&#10;B) Hank's medium&#10;C) Phillip's medium&#10;D) Roger's medium

Accepted Answer

Hank's medium is commonly used to transport and maintain specimens for viral cultures. It contains a balanced salt solution with antimicrobial agents to prevent bacterial overgrowth. The swab with the collected sample is immersed in the Hank's medium to preserve the virus until it can be cultured in a laboratory. Scott's medium, Phillip's medium, and Roger's medium are not commonly used for viral culture transport.

Question 2

Blood cultures are obtained from ______ blood.&#10;A) Heart&#10;B) Liver&#10;C) Lungs&#10;D) Femoral

Accepted Answer

Blood cultures are typically obtained from the heart, as this is where blood is collected from the systemic circulation for the purpose of identifying pathogens in the bloodstream.

Question 3

____________ is the thick dark tarry stool that a child expels in the early days of life.&#10;A) Uranium&#10;B) Plutonium&#10;C) Ascites&#10;D) Meconium

Accepted Answer

Meconium is the thick dark tarry stool that newborn babies expel in the first few days of life. It consists of substances ingested while the baby is still in the uterus, such as amniotic fluid, mucus, and other particles.

Question 4

The ___________ normally closes during the first week of life.&#10;A) Ductus arteriosus&#10;B) Medulla oblongata&#10;C) Appendix&#10;D) Adenoids

Accepted Answer

The ductus arteriosus is a blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery (which carries blood to the lungs) and the aorta (which carries blood to the rest of the body) in a fetus. Normally, this vessel closes shortly after birth, allowing blood to flow normally through the heart and lungs. If it remains open, it can cause various health problems.

Question 5

______________ is the result of a virus infecting the heart, resulting in inflammatory cells responding and causing muscle cell damage.&#10;A) Rheumatic heart disease&#10;B) Tetralogy of Fallot&#10;C) Viral myocarditis&#10;D) Mycoplasma

Accepted Answer

Viral myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle that commonly results from a viral infection, such as enteroviruses or adenoviruses. The inflammatory response causes damage to the heart muscle cells, which can lead to complications such as heart failure or life-threatening arrhythmias. Rheumatic heart disease is a complication of untreated strep throat infection, Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect, and Mycoplasma is a type of bacteria that can cause respiratory tract infections.

Question 6

___________________ is an autoimmune disease causing the body to attack the heart muscle and surface cells, destroying the myocardium and damaging the valves.&#10;A) Meconium&#10;B) Rheumatic Heart Disease&#10;C) Tetralogy of Fallot&#10;D) Viral myocarditis

Accepted Answer

Rheumatic heart disease is an autoimmune disease that can result from inadequately treated strep throat or scarlet fever. The body's immune system attacks the heart muscle and surface cells, leading to the destruction of the myocardium and damage to the heart valves. Meconium refers to the first bowel movement of a newborn, tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect, and viral myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle caused by a viral infection.

Question 7

Viral myocarditis is the result of an immunologic response to a previous group A beta hemolytic Streptococcal infection.

Accepted Answer

Viral myocarditis is primarily caused by a viral infection, not a bacterial infection like Group A beta hemolytic Streptococcus. While certain bacterial infections can lead to myocarditis, they are less common causes of the condition.

Question 8

Rheumatic heart disease is an autoimmune disease in which the body attacks the heart muscle and surface cells, destroying the myocardium and damaging the valves.

Accepted Answer

Rheumatic heart disease is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system attacks the heart tissue leading to inflammation, scarring, and damage to the valves of the heart.

Question 9

Asthma is an acute airway obstructive disorder caused by an environmental trigger.

Accepted Answer

Asthma is caused by environmental triggers such as allergens, pollutants, exercise, and respiratory infections. It leads to inflammation and narrowing of the airways, resulting in symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.

Question 10

Down's syndrome is a swelling of the brain's ventricular spinal fluid compartment.

Accepted Answer

Down's syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome. It is not related to swelling of the brain's ventricular spinal fluid compartment.

Question 11

Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic response to an ingested food, bee stings, or even skin surface application of an irritant.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic response to...

Question 12

The gray-brown discolorations on the lower sacrum are called meconium.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The gray-brown discolorations on the lower sacrum...

Deck 11: Sudden Death in Children