Deck 8: Bringing It All Together

Question 1

The initial potentiation of synapses requires that cofilin must be phosphorylated and actin filaments be crosslinked.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Integrin receptors are activated during stabilization, and they respond to molecules in the extracellular matrix.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Stabilization processes require about 15 minutes to complete.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Transcription and translation inhibitors do not influence the initial generation and stabilization of LTP.

Question 5

Four hours after LTP is induced, it can no longer be reversed by disrupting protein synthesis, transcription, the BDNF-TrkB pathway, or the translation of Arc into protein.

Question 6

Actin filaments are necessary for the initial synthesis of PKMζ.

Question 7

Learning spines are larger than memory spines.

Question 8

A sustained increase in intracellular calcium is associated with the BDNF-TrkB pathway.

Question 9

The initial potentiation of a synapse does not depend on either transcription or the translation of new protein.

Question 10

List in correct order at least five events involved in potentiating a synapse.

Question 11

What is the role of calpains?

Question 12

What are the two main goals of the consolidation stage?

Question 13

What would be the effect of inhibiting the translation of Arc during the consolidation period?

Question 14

Why does inhibiting the UPS interfere with consolidation?

Question 15

Why is it likely that memory maintenance molecules other than PKMζ exist?

Question 16

What is an important role of actin in the spine?

Question 17

How do actin-dependent spine morphology changes create a more stable synapse?

Question 18

The induction stimulus sets in motion a set of processes that modify and _______ existing proteins during the stabilization phase.

Question 19

The _______ pathway facilitates interactions between ribosomes and mRNAs and enables the local translation of other mRNAs.

Question 20

PKMζ's main function is to reconfigure the trafficking of _______.

Question 21

Spine size is largely determined by the _______.

Question 22

Which can be regarded as a major maintenance molecule?

A) MAPK
B) PKCι/λ
C) 4e-BP
D) PKMζ
E) TrkB

Question 23

Which occurs during the stabilizing of a potentiated synapse?

A) The depolymerization function of cofilin is enhanced.
B) Calpain proteins are activated.
C) Phosphorylated GluA1 receptors are unable to influx calcium.
D) The UPS is active and limits the extent of potentiation.
E) None of the above.

Question 24

Which statement is false?

A) No spine growth is observed during the generation stage.
B) Integrin molecules are activated during initial induction.
C) Cofilin is phosphorylated during stabilization.
D) Myosin IIb motor proteins are activated during stabilization.
E) None of the above.

Question 25

Which is not part of the consolidation phase?

A) Activation of G-protein-coupled mGluR receptors
B) BDNF positive feedback loop
C) Activation of the mTOR pathway
D) PKMζ reconfiguration of the trafficking of GluA2 AMPA receptors
E) All of the above are part of the consolidation phase.