Deck 8: The Endocrine and Metabolic Systems

Question 1

An individual with hyperthyroidism is beginning outpatient physical therapy.What would you expect to observe clinically in this patient?

A) fatigue
B) a heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute
C) proximal muscle spasticity
D) normal or enhanced cardiac output during exercise

Answer 1

a heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute

Question 2

Which of the following is a symptom of hypothyroidism?

A) cool dry skin
B) increased deep tendon reflexes
C) nervousness
D) increased pulse rate

Answer 2

cool dry skin

Question 3

Calcitonin,secreted by the thyroid hormone,affects what structures in the body?

A) muscles
B) visceral organs
C) bones
D) kidneys

Answer 3

bones

Question 4

Which of the following areas is the most common location for a diabetic ulcer?

A) plantar surface of the metatarsal head
B) dorsal surface of the metatarsals
C) lateral malleolus
D) medial malleolus

Question 5

How do the cells in the Islet of Langerhans help to control blood sugar levels?

A) lowering blood glucose levels
B) producing somatostatin
C) producing and releasing insulin
D) increasing blood glucose

Question 6

Parathyroid hormone _____________.

A) decreases the release of calcium and phosphate from bone
B) increases the rate of absorption of calcium by the kidneys
C) decreases calcium absorption in the GI tract
D) promotes absorption of phosphate by the kidneys

Question 7

Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?

A) oxytocin
B) antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C) aldosterone
D) human growth hormone (HGH)

Question 8

What are the three primary hormones released by the thyroid gland?

A) calcitonin, epinephrine, norepinephrine
B) thyroxine, triiodothyronine, epinephrine
C) thyroxine, triiodothyronine, calcitonin
D) calcitonin, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroxine

Question 9

What is a common orthopedic finding for individuals diagnosed with acromegaly?

A) widening of joint spaces
B) thinning of the cartilage
C) carpal tunnel syndrome
D) thoracic/lumbar pain

Question 10

Hyperparathyroidism results in which of the following conditions?

A) hypercalcemia
B) hypocalcemia
C) hypernatremia
D) hyponatremia

Question 11

Which of the following will occur with adhesive capsulitis associated with diabetes?

A) loss of external rotation and abduction
B) equal limitation in external rotation and internal rotation
C) limitation in hyperextension and internal rotation mostly
D) limitation in flexion and abduction only

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding rehabilitation of a patient after parathyroidectomy?

A) The patient should lie with the head down and feet elevated.
B) Upper extremity exercise should begin immediately.
C) Early ambulation is essential.
D) Light weight resistive exercise is contraindicated.

Question 13

Which of the following is not a normal complication if an individual has type I diabetes?

A) decreased use of glucose by the body
B) increased fat mobilization
C) nerve tissue disorders
D) impaired protein use

Question 14

Which of the following is a normal response to aging by the endocrine system?

A) Blood supply is increased to the pituitary gland.
B) The thyroid gland becomes larger.
C) The adrenal glands will have more fibrous tissue.
D) The thyroid gland becomes more elevated.

Question 15

Which of the following is the typical presentation of type I diabetes?

A) Onset of the disease is gradual.
B) It occurs mostly in obese individuals.
C) Insulin production is above normal.
D) It occurs mostly in individuals under 20 years of age.

Question 16

Which of the following is characteristic of an episode of hypoglycemia?

A) gradual onset over several days
B) abdominal pain with nausea
C) deep rapid breaths
D) confusion with blurred vision

Question 17

Which of the following is correct advice for a patient with type II diabetes undergoing an exercise program?

A) Exercise is a valuable treatment modality for type II diabetes.
B) Hypoglycemia is a common problem for the individual with type II diabetes initiating an exercise program.
C) Exercise can be initiated if blood glucose levels are 60 mg/dL or less.
D) It is advisable to begin vigorous exercise 1 hour before attempting to sleep at night.

Question 18

Which of the following is associated with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)and endocrine disorders?

A) unilateral symptoms
B) thinning of the transverse carpal ligament
C) vitamin B₆ deficiency
D) diabetes

Question 19

Release of epinephrine into the blood stream has what effect on the body?

A) dilates peripheral blood vessels
B) catabolizes fats
C) causes hypotension
D) decreases blood glucose levels

Question 20

A deficiency of aldosterone will cause ____________.

A) decreased calcium excretion
B) orthostatic hypotension
C) decreased cardiac output based on the rational this is also correct
D) hyperglycemia