Deck 9: The Cardiovascular System

Question 1

What is a normal response to aging in the cardiovascular (CV)system?

A) increased numbers of myocytes and cells within the conduction tissue
B) development of cardiac fibrosis
C) decreased calcium transport across membranes
D) higher capillary density

Answer 1

decreased calcium transport across membranes

Question 2

A patient is beginning cardiac rehabilitation after recent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).Which of the following would be a clinical sign to discontinue or modify the patient's current exercise?

A) resting heart rate of 100 beats/min
B) oxygen saturation of 98%
C) body temperature of 99.1° F
D) blood pressure during exercise of 280/120 mm Hg

Answer 2

blood pressure during exercise of 280/120 mm Hg

Question 3

Which of the following is a frequent cause of cardiac arrest?

A) first-degree heart block
B) atrial fibrillation
C) sick sinus syndrome
D) ventricular fibrillation

Answer 3

ventricular fibrillation

Question 4

Which of the following clinical symptoms is associated with orthostatic hypotension in the geriatric population?

A) tachypnea
B) altered vision
C) hypervigilance
D) dyspnea

Question 5

Which of the following is indicative of an arterial ulcer?

A) edema in the involved lower extremity, superficial wound with red wound base
B) wound over the lateral malleolus with minimum exudate and a dry wound bed
C) nonpainful wound with a craterlike center with an elevated rim
D) weeping wound above malleoli

Question 6

Which of the following is a symptom of coronary microvascular disease?

A) crushing chest pain
B) depression
C) cold sweat
D) nausea

Question 7

A physical therapist assistant (PTA)is treating a patient on cardiac medication in the home health setting.What are the effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)inhibitor on the heart and cardiovascular system?

A) prevents constriction of blood vessels and retention of sodium and fluid
B) constricts arterioles and increases retention of sodium and fluid
C) alters conduction patterns in the heart
D) prevents blood clot formation

Question 8

What disease is associated with thickening of the walls of the small arteries?

A) atherosclerosis
B) Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis
C) arteriosclerosis
D) coronary artery disease

Question 9

Which of the following are associated with the tetralogy of Fallot?

A) pulmonary stenosis
B) failure of the tricuspid valve to develop
C) large ventricular septal defect
D) aortic communication with both ventricles

Question 10

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing coronary artery disease?

A) Anorexia
B) Hypotension
C) Hyperlipidemia
D) Female gender

Question 11

Which of the following is not an action by the sympathetic nervous system to increase blood pressure?

A) release of norepinephrine
B) epinephrine released by the adrenal medulla
C) increasing peripheral resistance to increase blood pressure
D) secretion of angiotensin

Question 12

Which type of pericarditis is the PTA least likely to see?

A) pericarditis in patients after open heart surgery
B) pericarditis in patients after radiation therapy
C) pericarditis in conjunction with autoimmune diseases
D) viral pericarditis

Question 13

What single intervention against coronary artery disease has the ability to influence the greatest number of risk factors?

A) statin drugs
B) smoking cessation
C) exercise
D) low dose aspirin daily

Question 14

Individuals with mitral valve prolapse typically _______________.

A) are very limited by the disorder
B) have mild symptoms
C) are asymptomatic
D) have extreme lifestyle limitations

Question 15

Which of the following is a true statement regarding women and cardiovascular dysfunction?

A) Estrogen has a cardioprotective benefit for women.
B) Women are unlikely to experience mitral valve prolapse.
C) Women are likely to receive prophylactic drug treatment.
D) Testosterone is cardioprotective.

Question 16

Which of the following conditions would not cause cardiac syncope?

A) lymphostatic hypotension
B) arrhythmia
C) coronary artery disease
D) hyperglycemia

Question 17

What type of cardiomyopathy is the most common cause of sudden death in young competitive athletes?

A) delayed onset cardiomyopathy
B) dilated cardiomyopathy
C) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
D) restrictive cardiomyopathy

Question 18

What is the drug of choice for an acute angina attack?

A) sublingual nitroglycerin
B) aspirin
C) statin drugs
D) ACE inhibitors

Question 19

How often should a healthy individual between the ages of 20 and 50 have his or her cholesterol checked?

A) every 6 months
B) once a year
C) every 3 years
D) every 5 years

Question 20

If dyspnea is relieved by leaning forward on the arms to lock the shoulder girdle,then the dysfunction is primarily within which body system?

A) cardiac
B) pulmonary
C) muscular
D) central nervous system