Question 1

Which of the following is an absolute contraindication to airway clearance techniques?&#10;A) open wounds over the chest&#10;B) pulmonary edema&#10;C) hypotension&#10;D) large plural effusion

Accepted Answer

The other choices are considerations for cessation of airway clearance techniques. The supervising physical therapist or physician should be consulted if any of these conditions are present.

Question 2

Which of the following describes the transmission mode of tuberculosis?&#10;A) exchange of body fluids&#10;B) skin-to-skin contact&#10;C) inhalation of infected airborne particles&#10;D) through fecal material

Accepted Answer

Tuberculosis is commonly transmitted by inhalation of infected airborne particles, known as droplet nuclei, which are produced when infected persons sneeze, laugh, speak, sing, or cough.

Question 3

Adenocarcinoma is a form of what type of cancer?&#10;A) small cell lung cancer (SCLC)&#10;B) oat cell carcinoma&#10;C) non-small cell lung cancer&#10;D) squamous cell carcinoma

Accepted Answer

Non-small cell lung cancer accounts for 80% of all lung cancers. It includes squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.

Question 4

All of the following can be described as a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)except?&#10;A) asthma&#10;B) acute bronchitis&#10;C) obstructive bronchiolitis&#10;D) emphysema

Accepted Answer

Acute bronchitis is an inflammation of the trachea and bronchi that is of short duration and self-limiting with few pulmonary signs. Chronic bronchitis is considered a COPD.

Question 5

Upon review of a medical chart,a physical therapist assistant (PTA)finds a patient has a PaO&#8322; of 90 mm Hg.From this information alone,the PTA should expect which of the following?&#10;A) The patient will complain of lightheadedness.&#10;B) The patient will have marked confusion.&#10;C) The patient is possibly experiencing cardiac arrest.&#10;D) This is a normal finding.

Accepted Answer

Eighty to 100 mm Hg of PaO₂ is considered normal. Patients will complain of lightheadedness and nausea at approximately 50 to 60 mm Hg, while 35 to 50 mm Hg of PaO₂ will lead to marked confusion. A PaO₂ level of 25 to 35 mm Hg is indicative of cardiac arrest.

Question 6

Obese people are most likely to have what type of sleep apnea?&#10;A) central sleep apnea&#10;B) mixed sleep apnea&#10;C) obstructive sleep apnea&#10;D) restrictive sleep apnea

Accepted Answer

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most commonly diagnosed form of sleep apnea, and is characterized by respiratory effort without airflow because of upper airway obstruction. Forty percent of obese people have OSA, and 70% of people with sleep apnea are obese.

Question 7

A patient presents today with a metered-dose inhaler (MDI).What is the proper advice to give this patient on when to take this particular medication?&#10;A) 15 to 20 minutes before exercise&#10;B) 1 to 2 minutes before exercise&#10;C) during exercise&#10;D) 5 to 10 minutes after exercise

Accepted Answer

When pulmonary medications are used through an MDI 15 to 20 minutes before exercise, their effects should improve the individual's ability to exercise and more effectively obtain the benefits of training.

Question 8

What type of cough indicates airway irritation and infection?&#10;A) nonproductive cough&#10;B) dry cough&#10;C) productive cough with purulent sputum&#10;D) productive cough with nonpurulent sputum

Accepted Answer

A productive cough with purulent sputum may indicate infection, whereas a productive cough with nonpurulent sputum is nonspecific in indicating airway irritation.

Question 9

Cheyne-Stokes respiration is common with _______.&#10;A) anxiety&#10;B) renal failure&#10;C) strenuous exercise&#10;D) chronic fatigue syndrome

Accepted Answer

Patients with anxiety usually present with hyperventilation, and strenuous exercise brings on Kussmaul's respiration. Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome present with hypoventilation. Cheyne-Stokes respiration is defined as a repeated cycle of breathing followed by shallow breaths or cessation of breathing.

Question 10

Gasping inspiration followed by short expiration describes which of the following altered breathing patterns/sounds?&#10;A) crackles/rales&#10;B) apneustic&#10;C) stridor&#10;D) wheezing

Accepted Answer

Low-pitched sounds predominantly heard during inspiration are indicative of crackles or rales. A shrill harsh sound heard during inspiration is defined as a stridor, and wheezing is a high-pitched continuous whistling sound with expiration.

Question 11

Which of the following conditions is defined as a pathologic accumulation of air in lung tissues?&#10;A) asthma&#10;B) emphysema&#10;C) chronic bronchitis&#10;D) acute bronchitis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following conditions is defined...

Question 12

____________________ pneumonia is often caused by a depressed central nervous system.&#10;A) fungal&#10;B) viral&#10;C) aspiration&#10;D) bacterial

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ pneumonia is often caused by a...

Question 13

Exposure to which of the following materials could possibly lead to pneumoconiosis?&#10;A) molds&#10;B) fungal spores&#10;C) plant fibers&#10;D) asbestos

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exposure to which of the following materials...

Question 14

As a result of cystic fibrosis,epithelial cells are not permeable to chloride.This impermeability may lead to __________.&#10;A) dehydrated and increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions&#10;B) elevation of sweat electrolytes&#10;C) progressive diarrhea&#10;D) pancreatic enzyme insufficiency

Accepted Answer

The answer of As a result of cystic fibrosis,epithelial cells...

Question 15

Which medication is most effective for long-term lung improvement in patients with cystic fibrosis?&#10;A) hypertonic saline&#10;B) high-dose ibuprofen&#10;C) DNase&#10;D) corticosteroids

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which medication is most effective for long-term...

Question 16

The primary cause of atelectasis is obstruction of the ______________ serving the area.&#10;A) trachea&#10;B) bronchus&#10;C) bronchioles&#10;D) alveolar ducts

Accepted Answer

The answer of The primary cause of atelectasis is obstruction...

Question 17

Which of the following is not a clinical manifestation of sarcoidosis?&#10;A) normal chest x-rays&#10;B) gradually progressive cough and shortness of breath&#10;C) pulmonary fibrosis with pulmonary deficiency&#10;D) laryngeal and endobronchial obstruction

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not a...

Question 18

The PTA suspects deep vein thrombosis (DVT)for a patient that recently had a total knee replacement.The therapist places a blood pressure cuff around the calf and begins to inflate it.The patient begins to experience pain when the cuff is inflated to 170 mm Hg.What should the therapist do based on this finding?

A) proceed with treatment as normal
B) proceed cautiously with treatment
C) proceed with non-weight bearing exercise only
D) contact the supervising physical therapist or referring physician

Accepted Answer

The answer of The PTA suspects deep vein thrombosis (DVT)for...

Question 19

Which of the following activities is most likely to result in an episode of exercise-induced asthma?&#10;A) soccer&#10;B) baseball&#10;C) gymnastics&#10;D) running sprints

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following activities is most...

Question 20

Signs or symptoms of pulmonary edema exclude which of the following?&#10;A) hypoventilation&#10;B) engorged neck and hand veins&#10;C) pitting edema of the extremities&#10;D) nocturnal dyspnea

Accepted Answer

The answer of Signs or symptoms of pulmonary edema exclude...

Deck 11: The Respiratory System