Question 1

Which of the following personality dimensions from the Five Factor Model share similarities with both Moffitt's and Gottfredson and Hirschi's theories of criminal behavior?&#10;A) neuroticism&#10;B) extraversion&#10;C) openness to experience&#10;D) agreeableness&#10;E)conscientiousness

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness, which includes traits such as diligence, responsibility, and self-discipline, shares similarities with both Moffitt's theory of life-course persistent offenders, who are characterized by a lack of self-control and planning, and Gottfredson and Hirschi's theory of self-control, which emphasizes the importance of early socialization in teaching individuals to delay gratification and avoid impulsive behavior.

Question 2

Today's personality theorist would argue that the prediction of behavior can be enhanced by assessments of&#10;A) cognitive-affective interpretations of situations&#10;B) personality traits&#10;C) the Big Five Factors&#10;D) antisocial personality pattern&#10;E)all of the above

Accepted Answer

Today's personality theorist would argue that a comprehensive understanding of behavior requires assessments of multiple factors, including cognitive-affective interpretations of situations, personality traits, the Big Five Factors, and antisocial personality pattern. Each of these factors can provide insight into an individual's behavior and help predict future behavior. Therefore, the best choice is E, all of the above.

Question 3

Tennenbaum (1977) reviewed the personality differences between delinquents and nondelinquents and concluded that no differences existed. This conclusion&#10;A) is accurate&#10;B) is justified because the tests were biased&#10;C)ignores the evidence&#10;D) replicates the earlier findings of Waldo and Dinitz&#10;E) confirms the fact that individual differences are unimportant

Accepted Answer

Tennenbaum's conclusion that no personality differences exist between delinquents and nondelinquents ignores the evidence from other studies that suggest the contrary. Therefore, the conclusion is inaccurate.

Question 4

Knowledge destruction&#10;A) results from sniffing glue&#10;B)involves raising suspicion about the validity of data&#10;C) facilitates theory revision&#10;D) is a product of experimental methodology&#10;E) involves systematic observations

Accepted Answer

Knowledge destruction involves raising suspicion about the validity of data, which can lead to the rejection or revision of theories and beliefs. It is not related to sniffing glue or experimental methodology, and while systematic observations are important for developing knowledge, they do not directly lead to knowledge destruction.

Question 5

Reviews of the personality-crime link consistently find this important:&#10;A) neurosis&#10;B) poor self-esteem&#10;C)antisocial personality&#10;D) both a and c&#10;E) none of the above

Accepted Answer

Antisocial personality disorder is strongly linked to criminal behavior, as it encompasses traits such as a disregard for the law and the rights of others, which can lead to criminal acts. Neurosis and poor self-esteem are not as directly linked to criminal behavior in the literature.

Question 6

________________ is an objective measure of psychopathy.&#10;A) A clinical interview&#10;B) The Cleckley checklist&#10;C)The Psychopathy Checklist-Revised&#10;D) The DSM-III&#10;E) The LSI-R

Accepted Answer

The Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) is widely recognized as the most reliable and valid instrument for assessing psychopathy. It consists of 20 items and is scored on a three-point scale based on the degree to which each item is present in an individual's behavior or personality. The PCL-R has been extensively researched and has demonstrated high inter-rater reliability and construct validity.

Question 7

According to the text, psychopaths are&#10;A) responsive to firm control and punishment&#10;B) untreatable&#10;C) treatable only within therapeutic communities&#10;D) responsive only to medical treatment&#10;E)responsive to RNR-based treatment.

Accepted Answer

The text mentions that psychopaths can be treated using the RNR (Risk-Need-Responsivity) approach which is a cognitive-behavioral therapy that targets specific risk factors and aims to increase the psychopath's ability to respond to treatment. Therefore, E is the best choice.

Question 8

An important difference in the diagnosis of antisocial personality as measured by DSM-5, and psychopathy as measured by the PCL-R, is&#10;A)psychopathy includes emotional-interpersonal characteristics&#10;B) the DSM-5 measure is more objective&#10;C) psychopathy is a more general personality diagnosis&#10;D) the PCL-R measure relies solely on criminal history information&#10;E) the DSM-5 diagnosis has now been replaced by a more formal diagnosis of psychopathic personality in ICD-10

Accepted Answer

The most important difference between the diagnosis of antisocial personality as measured by DSM-5 and psychopathy as measured by the PCL-R is that psychopathy includes emotional-interpersonal characteristics, whereas DSM-5 focuses more on behavior and symptoms. The PCL-R takes into account traits such as callousness, grandiosity, and lack of empathy, which are not included in the DSM-5 diagnosis.

Question 9

The authors of the text propose a view of psychopathy as&#10;A) identical to that proposed by Hare&#10;B) a combination of DSM-5 features and narcissistic personality&#10;C)a constellation of risk, need, and responsivity factors&#10;D) nothing more than a psychiatric myth&#10;E) an indicator of a need to take responsivity into treatment planning

Accepted Answer

The text proposes a view of psychopathy as a constellation of risk, need, and responsivity factors. This means that psychopathy is not just a set of DSM-5 features or solely caused by narcissistic personality, but instead a combination of various factors that need to be taken into account in treatment planning. The authors also argue against psychopathy being simply a psychiatric myth.

Question 10

__________ and __________ are but two characteristics of psychopathy.&#10;A) delusions; empathy&#10;B) antisocial behavior; anxiety&#10;C)manipulativeness; callousness&#10;D) honesty; tattoos&#10;E) guilt; callousness

Accepted Answer

According to research, psychopaths are often characterized by manipulative and callous behavior, marked by a lack of empathy and disregard for the emotional well-being of others. Delusions, anxiety, honesty, and guilt are not necessarily characteristic of psychopathy, although they may co-occur with other traits.

Deck 5: Antisocial Personality Pattern