Question 1

The political leader who made realpolitik famous was&#10;A) Klemens von Metternich&#10;B) Camillo di Cavour&#10;C) Otto von Bismarck&#10;D) Louis Napoleon Bonaparte

Accepted Answer

Otto von Bismarck is considered the political leader who made realpolitik famous. Realpolitik is a political approach that prioritizes practical considerations over ideological or moral principles. Bismarck used this approach to unite Germany and expand its power, and his success popularized the concept of realpolitik.

Question 2

Bismarck fought for German unity in order to&#10;A) create liberal democracy&#10;B) ensure Prussian dominance&#10;C) maintain constitutional monarchy&#10;D) unite with Austria

Accepted Answer

Bismarck's goal was to establish Prussian dominance and create a unified German Empire under Prussian leadership. He believed that unity would strengthen Prussia's position in Europe and help to preserve the existing constitutional monarchy. Liberal democracy was not a priority for him, as evidenced by his authoritarian rule as chancellor. And while Austria was briefly a contender for leadership in the German states, Bismarck ultimately succeeded in excluding them from the new empire.

Question 3

The Zollverein, which laid the foundation for German industrial dominance, was a&#10;A) customs union&#10;B) early computer&#10;C) new steam engine&#10;D) Bill of Rights

Accepted Answer

The Zollverein was a customs union established in Germany in 1834, which eliminated trade barriers and tariffs among its member states, leading to increased economic cooperation and growth. This laid the foundation for German industrial dominance in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Question 4

The redevelopment of European cities in the mid-nineteenth century occurred at the expense of&#10;A) the aristocracy&#10;B) the poor&#10;C) monarchs&#10;D) the middle class

Accepted Answer

The redevelopment of European cities in the mid-nineteenth century occurred at the expense of the poor. As cities expanded and modernized, slums were cleared and working-class neighborhoods were displaced, often without compensation or alternative housing options. This resulted in significant hardship for the urban poor, who were often forced to move to overcrowded and unsanitary tenements on the outskirts of the city.

Question 5

The expansion of European economic, and therefore political, control over less-developed countries is known as&#10;A) globalization&#10;B) social Darwinism&#10;C) colonization&#10;D) imperialism

Accepted Answer

The answer of The expansion of European economic, and therefore...

Question 6

The British Reform Act of 1867 was enacted by&#10;A) the Liberal Party&#10;B) the Chartists&#10;C) the Socialist Party&#10;D) the Conservative Party

Accepted Answer

The British Reform Act of 1867 was enacted by the Conservative Party, led by Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli. The act aimed to increase the number of eligible voters by enlarging the electorate in urban areas, which ultimately benefited the Conservative Party in future elections.

Question 7

The Crimean War revealed the weakness of which major European power?&#10;A) Britain&#10;B) France&#10;C) Russia&#10;D) Austria

Accepted Answer

The Crimean War revealed the weakness of Russia, as it suffered a humiliating defeat against a coalition of British, French, and Ottoman forces.

Question 8

What Briton became a national hero during the Crimean War?&#10;A) Florence Nightingale&#10;B) Alfred, Lord Tennyson&#10;C) Clara Barton&#10;D) Benjamin Disraeli

Accepted Answer

Florence Nightingale became a national hero during the Crimean War for her work as a nurse and improving healthcare for wounded soldiers.

Question 9

Giuseppe Garibaldi favored an Italian government based on&#10;A) constitutional monarchy&#10;B) authoritarian rule&#10;C) a republic&#10;D) Marxism

Accepted Answer

Garibaldi was a strong advocate for a unified Italian republic and fought for its establishment during the Risorgimento movement. He was opposed to monarchy and authoritarian rule, and there is no evidence to suggest that he favored Marxism.

Question 10

Camillo di Cavour used the rivalry between which two states to mastermind Italian unification?&#10;A) France and Austria&#10;B) Britain and France&#10;C) France and Germany&#10;D) Austria and Russia

Accepted Answer

Camillo di Cavour used the rivalry between France and Austria to mastermind Italian unification. He allied with France and convinced them to aid in expelling Austrian forces from Italy, paving the way for the unification of the country under the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia.

Question 11

Prussia's main advantage over Austria was&#10;A) land area&#10;B) powerful allies&#10;C) the size of its army&#10;D) a powerful industrial economy

Accepted Answer

The answer of Prussia's main advantage over Austria was&#10;A) land...

Question 12

Marx believed that economies evolve over time, therefore capitalism would be replaced by&#10;A) democracy&#10;B) socialism&#10;C) feudalism&#10;D) mercantilism

Accepted Answer

The answer of Marx believed that economies evolve over time,...

Question 13

John Stuart Mill advocating extending suffrage to&#10;A) women&#10;B) slaves&#10;C) working class men&#10;D) children

Accepted Answer

The answer of John Stuart Mill advocating extending suffrage to&#10;A)...

Question 14

Darwin's theory of evolution was controversial because it questioned&#10;A) Christianity&#10;B) the laws of physics&#10;C) Creationism&#10;D) capitalism

Accepted Answer

The answer of Darwin's theory of evolution was controversial because...

Question 15

Social Darwinism, which argued that aiding the poor was counterproductive for society, was invented by&#10;A) Charles Darwin&#10;B) Rudyard Kipling&#10;C) Herbert Spencer&#10;D) Benjamin Disraeli

Accepted Answer

The answer of Social Darwinism, which argued that aiding the...

Question 16

Discuss Bismarck and the unification of Germany. What was realpolitik? How did this method impact the development of German unification? What was the impact of German unification on the rest of Europe?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss Bismarck and the unification of Germany....

Question 17

What is Marxism? How are Marx's ideas products of his time? How scientific were they?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is Marxism? How are Marx's ideas...

Question 18

Describe Darwin's theory of evolution. Why was it controversial? How did it aid the development of a scientific worldview, and how did churches fight back against the growing dominance of science?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe Darwin's theory of evolution. Why was...

Deck 7: Conservation, Reform, and Revolution, 1815-1852