Deck 6: Eating Disorders

Question 1

Anorexia nervosa is mainly a disorder of:

A) middle-aged men.
B) middle-aged women.
C) young men.
D) young women.
E) All of the given demographic categories are equally affected.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

An individual with abnormal cognitions about shape, weight and self-worth, but normal body-weight, and who binge eats, diets and purges is most likely to be diagnosed with:

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) binge eating disorder.
D) purging disorder.
E) None of the given options are correct.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Twin studies have shown that anorexia nervosa is:

A) highly heritable (strong genetic component).
B) moderately heritable.
C) mildly heritable.
D) not heritable (no genetic component).
E) only heritable among males.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The sociocultural explanation of eating disorders suggests that women have more eating disorders than men because in Western cultures:

A) women are responsible for food preparation.
B) the mass media suggest that the thinner the woman, the more attractive she is.
C) the mass media suggest that fatness is associated with high socioeconomic status.
D) high-calorie foods are very expensive.
E) the mass media encourages obesity among men.

Question 5

It has been difficult to evaluate treatments for anorexia nervosa because:

A) the disorder is relatively rare.
B) effective treatments are long term and dropping out is an issue.
C) the disorder is relatively rare, effective treatments are long term and dropping out is an issue.
D) treatments are short term and therefore difficult to evaluate.
E) None of the given options are correct.

Question 6

In comparison with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder does not include:

A) regular engagement in weight-control behaviours.
B) low levels of perfectionism.
C) high levels of trait anxiety.
D) None of the given options are correct.
E) All of the given options are correct.

Question 7

For a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa to be made, the individual must demonstrate:

A) body weight below 85 per cent of the expected weight for their age and height.
B) characteristic cognitive distortions including body image distortion and intense fear of weight gain.
C) intense fear of gaining weight.
D) None of the given options are correct.
E) All of the given options are correct.

Question 8

The mortality rate for people with anorexia nervosa is:

A) extremely low.
B) 1 to 2 per cent per decade of illness.
C) 5 to 10 per cent per decade of illness.
D) 20 to 30 per cent per decade of illness.
E) 30 to 50 per cent per decade of illness.

Question 9

Anorexia nervosa is more likely to develop in individuals who:

A) have low self-esteem.
B) are male.
C) are satisfied with their body shape and weight.
D) have high levels of leptin (a hormone which reduces food intake).
E) are initially obese.

Question 10

Bulimia nervosa differs from the binge eating/purging variant of anorexia nervosa in that:

A) people with bulimia nervosa are not overweight.
B) people with bulimia nervosa are not underweight.
C) people with bulimia nervosa do not overemphasise shape and weight.
D) all of the given options are correct.
E) none of the given options are correct.

Question 11

Anorexia nervosa is:

A) ten times as common in females as in males.
B) twice as common in females as in males.
C) equally common in males and in females.
D) twice as common in males as in females.
E) ten times as common in males as in females.

Question 12

According to cognitive theorists, the most important cognitive aspect of dysfunctional thinking in people with anorexia nervosa is:

A) excessive reliance on others' opinions.
B) unrealistically low standards for themselves.
C) unrealistically high standards for others.
D) altered thyroid hormone metabolism.
E) dysfunctional self-evaluation, with over-emphasis on their shape and weight.

Question 13

Research has established that effective treatments for anorexia nervosa include:

A) cognitive behaviour therapy.
B) medication.
C) both cognitive behaviour therapy and medication.
D) neither cognitive behaviour therapy nor medication.
E) psychodynamic therapy.

Question 14

Behavioural weight-loss treatments for overweight people with binge eating disorder:

A) result in an increase in binge eating.
B) result in a decrease in binge eating.
C) discourage dietary restriction and exercise.
D) must be administered by specialist mental health professionals.
E) result in an increase in purging.

Question 15

A 1999 study of children's responses to their parents' weight-related comments and modelling of weight-related behaviours revealed that:

A) girls were influenced by comments but not by modelling.
B) girls were influenced by modelling but not by comments.
C) boys were influenced by comments but not by modelling.
D) boys were influenced by modelling but not by comments.
E) None of the given options are correct.

Question 16

The Dual Pathway Model of bulimia nervosa suggests that binge eating episodes are triggered by:

A) dieting.
B) negative affect.
C) interaction between dieting and negative affect.
D) All of the given options are correct.
E) None of the given options are correct.

Question 17

Studies examining the relationship between eating disorders and perfectionism have hypothesised that:

A) high levels of perfectionism are associated with eating disorders.
B) high levels of perfectionism are a result of having an eating disorder.
C) low levels of perfectionism are associated with eating disorders.
D) perfectionism is unrelated to eating disorders.
E) perfectionism is a poorly defined construct.

Question 18

A study comparing cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and nutritional counselling treatments for eating disorders found that:

A) CBT resulted in more rapid improvement.
B) nutritional counselling resulted in more rapid improvement.
C) CBT had a significantly better long-term outcome than nutritional counselling.
D) nutritional counselling had a significantly better long-term outcome than CBT.
E) nutritional counselling had a much higher rate of attrition than CBT.

Question 19

Preliminary studies have suggested that motivational enhancement therapy:

A) improves self-esteem and motivation.
B) decreases self-esteem and motivation.
C) improves self-esteem but decreases motivation.
D) decreases self-esteem but increases motivation.
E) None of the given options are correct.

Question 20

The DSM-5 specifies that bulimia nervosa:

A) cannot occur at the same time as binge eating disorder.
B) cannot include purging behaviour.
C) cannot occur at the same time as anorexia nervosa.
D) be diagnosed very rarely because it is uncommon.
E) be diagnosed more often that it is because it is more common than was once thought.

Question 21

Evidence to date has found that antidepressant medication for anorexia nervosa:

A) improves mood and enhances weight gain.
B) improves mood but does not enhance weight gain.
C) improves eating difficulties but does not improve mood.
D) does not improve weight gain or eating difficulties.
E) None of the given options are correct.

Question 22

The DSM-5 includes avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. The key feature is:

A) amenorrhoea.
B) an intense fear of weight gain.
C) an eating disturbance where nutritional needs are not met.
D) All of the given options are correct.
E) None of the given options are correct.

Question 23

Pica refers to:

A) constant eating.
B) refusal to eat.
C) eating only fluids.
D) eating non-foods.
E) chewing food excessively.

Question 24

The DSM-5 has included the following disorder as an eating disorder in its own right?

A) obsessional eating disorder
B) obesity disorder
C) over-exercising disorder
D) binge eating disorder
E) none of the given options

Question 25

Rumination disorder refers to:

A) hiding food.
B) obsessing about eating behaviours.
C) regurgitation of food.
D) eating non-food.
E) None of the given options are correct.

Question 26

Family therapy studies suggest that family therapy:

A) is not helpful for those with an eating disorder.
B) is helpful for those with a late onset of their eating disorder.
C) is helpful for those with an early onset of their eating disorder.
D) actually reduces self-esteem.
E) None of the given options are correct.

Question 27

Recovery from anorexia nervosa is:

A) typically a lengthy process with most recovering fully.
B) typically a lengthy process with a significant number failing to recover fully.
C) typically a relatively brief process with most recovering fully.
D) typically a relatively brief process with high rates of relapse.
E) None of the given options are correct.

Question 28

Common psychological disorders associated with anorexia nervosa include all of the following except:

A) mood disorders.
B) anxiety disorders.
C) substance abuse disorders.
D) personality disorders.
E) psychotic disorders.

Question 29

Some of the medical problems associated with bulimia nervosa include all of the following except:

A) electrolyte depletion.
B) ulceration in mouth and throat.
C) dental deterioration.
D) dehydration.
E) cancer of the stomach.

Question 30

Which statement is the most accurate with regard to the treatment of bulimia nervosa?

A) Antidepressant medication is more effective than placebo in reducing binge eating.
B) Cognitive behaviour therapy is more effective than antidepressants in reducing binge eating.
C) Medication is associated with high drop-out rates.
D) Medication is associated with high relapse rates.
E) All of the given options are correct.

Question 31

Historically the term 'anorexia' refers to:

A) neurosis.
B) mixed depression and anxiety.
C) loss of appetite.
D) abnormal eating behaviour.
E) refusal to eat.

Question 32

Current limitations in the treatment of eating disorders include:

A) limitations in treatments available.
B) identifying how best to assist those who resist treatment.
C) identifying ways of preventing eating disorders.
D) a greater understanding of eating disorders in men.
E) All of the given options are correct.

Question 33

The DSM-5 uses less strict criteria for the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. This should:

A) result in an overdiagnosis of these disorders.
B) result in an underdiagnosis of these disorders.
C) reduce the number of individuals falling into the residual eating disorder categories.
D) increase the number of individuals falling into the residual eating disorder categories.
E) None of the given options are correct.

Question 34

One purpose of pro-anorexia websites is:

A) to provide a support group for sufferers of eating disorders.
B) to provide members with educational information about eating disorders.
C) to promote more healthy eating habits among members.
D) to actively promote anorexia nervosa as a life choice rather than a disorder.
E) None of the given options are correct.

Question 35

The most common problem for patients with binge eating disorder is:

A) obesity.
B) fluctuating electrolyte levels.
C) low-self esteem.
D) personality disorders.
E) generalised anxiety disorder.