Deck 5: Sampling

Question 1

Compare the following:
-longitudinal panel sample and longitudinal trend sample

Answer 1

panel is based on one set of respondents followed over time while a trend sample is different respondents measured at different periods of time with the same questions

Question 2

Compare the following:
-quota sampling and stratified random sampling

Answer 2

quota is a non-probability technique in which categories are developed, such as gender or ethnicity, and respondents are contacted to fill the categories. they are not randomly assigned, rather they are accidentally or conveniently selected.
stratified random develops similar categories but uses random probability methods to assign respondents to the categories

Question 3

Compare the following:
-parameter and statistic

Answer 3

parameters are data about the characteristics of a population, whereas statistics refers to data about a sample. sample statistics are used to infer information about the population parameters

Question 4

How is the sampling interval determined for systematic sampling?

Question 5

For each of the following studies, state what method of sampling was used.
-researcher surveyed the first 25 women and the first 25 men who entered the dining hall during lunch

Question 6

For each of the following studies, state what method of sampling was used.
-in order to poll residents about the election, a researcher used a computer to generate phone number digits and called the first 1000 names on the list

Question 7

For each of the following studies, state what method of sampling was used.
-as part of their requirements for a course, all the students in Intro Psychology completed a questionnaire

Question 8

For each of the following studies, state what method of sampling was used.
-members of the local motorcycle club complete questionnaires and are then asked to give questionnaires to other people they know who own motorcycles who are also asked to give some questionnaires to their friends

Question 9

For each of the following studies, state what method of sampling was used.
-researcher divides the number of people she wants to survey by the total number of people in the population, and then chooses every n^th person to get the survey

Question 10

The element about which you are observing and collecting data, such as a person, a newspaper, or an organization, is called the

A) parameter
B) sampling error
C) unit of analysis
D) sampling frame

Question 11

A sampling design that asks the same questions of different people over time is called a longitudinal cohort study.

Question 12

Stratified Random sampling involves:

A) choosing every N^th element from a sampling frame or population
B) establishing categories and randomly selecting elements to fill those categories
C) stopping people walking along the street who meet quotas on certain characteristics, such as race or gender
D) dividing the population into clusters and randomly selecting from within those clusters at several different stages

Question 13

Explain what the strengths and weaknesses are when you distribute surveys to your research methods class to complete.

Question 14

Sampling error is the difference between the sample statistics we find in our study and the true parameters of the population.