Deck 13: Cardiovascular System: Blood

Question 1

Plasma normally accounts for _____% of total blood volume.

A) 35
B) 45
C) 55
D) 65
E) 75

Answer 1

C

Question 2

In an adult,the blood volume is about _____ liter(s).

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Excessive hemolysis of RBCs may lead to an increased reticulocyte count.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The primary function of fibrinogen is

A) lipid transport
B) oxygen transport
C) immunity
D) blood clotting
E) maintain osmotic pressure

Question 5

All babies born to untreated Rh- mothers are in danger of developing hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Question 6

Theoretically it is appropriate to give O- blood to an AB+ recipient.

Question 7

All of the following are functions of blood EXCEPT

A) transports oxygen
B) helps regulate pH
C) converts excess nutrients into plasma proteins
D) helps regulate body temperature
E) transports carbon dioxide

Question 8

Granulocytes have red-staining granules in the cytoplasm.

Question 9

The normal pH of blood is

A) 7-8
B) 7.5-7.6
C) 7.35-7.45
D) 7.25-7.35
E) 6.95-7.05

Question 10

The most abundant plasma protein is

A) water
B) electrolytes
C) glucose
D) fibrinogen
E) albumin

Question 11

The primary function of gamma globulins is

A) maintain osmotic pressure
B) immunity
C) lipid transport
D) blood clotting
E) oxygen transport

Question 12

Iron,vitamin B₁₂,and folic acid are necessary for RBC production.

Question 13

Sodium and vitamin B₁₂ are essential for the formation of a blood clot.

Question 14

Blood normally has a neutral pH of 7.

Question 15

Normally about 45% of the blood volume is made up of

A) red blood cells
B) plasma
C) proteins
D) white blood cells
E) solutes

Question 16

Approximately what percentage of the plasma is water?

A) 50%
B) 60%
C) 70%
D) 80%
E) 90%

Question 17

The functions of the blood may be grouped into which three categories?

A) transportation, regulation, and protection
B) transportation, regulation, and metabolism
C) regulation, protection, and metabolism
D) protection, metabolism, and differentiation
E) transportation, metabolism, and differentiation

Question 18

Serum is another name for blood plasma.

Question 19

Immature RBCs that may be found in the blood are called reticulocytes.

Question 20

The most numerous formed element in the blood is the neutrophil.

Question 21

The formed element that is a biconcave disk,has no nucleus,and contains hemoglobin is the

A) leukocyte
B) monocyte
C) erythrocyte
D) thrombocyte
E) lymphocyte

Question 22

The following events are involved in the regulation of erythrocyte production.What is the correct sequence of these events starting with a decrease in blood oxygen content?
1)blood oxygen decreases
2)erythropoietin activated
3)erythrocytes combine with oxygen
4)kidneys release renal erythropoietic factor
5)erythrocyte production stimulated
6)blood oxygen increases

A) 1, 4, 2, 5, 3, 6
B) 1, 3, 4, 2, 5, 6
C) 1, 2, 5, 4, 3, 6
D) 1, 5, 4, 2, 3, 6
E) 1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 6

Question 23

The ability of white blood cells to reach an injured or infected body tissue depends on

A) diapedesis
B) phagocytosis
C) antibody production
D) leukopenia
E) leukopoietin

Question 24

Between 60% and 70% of the total circulating white blood cells are

A) eosinophils
B) neutrophils
C) basophils
D) lymphocytes
E) monocytes

Question 25

Mature formed elements that have a nucleus but do not have hemoglobin are

A) leukocytes
B) erythrocytes
C) thrombocytes
D) megakaryocytes
E) reticulocytes

Question 26

All of the following are formed elements normally found in the blood EXCEPT

A) erythrocytes
B) leukocytes
C) thrombocytes
D) megakaryocytes
E) red blood cells

Question 27

Another name for red blood cells is

A) reticulocytes
B) erythrocytes
C) leukocytes
D) thrombocytes
E) monocytes

Question 28

The precursor cell,or stem cell,that gives rise to all types of blood cells is the

A) reticulocyte
B) hemocytoblast
C) thromboblast
D) megakaryocyte
E) erythroblast

Question 29

If body cells do not receive an adequate amount of oxygen,the problem may be due to a malfunction of

A) leukocytes
B) thrombocytes
C) monocytes
D) erythrocytes
E) lymphocytes

Question 30

The average number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter of blood is

A) 4.5 to 5.5 million
B) 8 to 11 million
C) 3.4 to 4 million
D) 2 to 7 million
E) 400,000 to 500,000

Question 31

Old,worn out,fragile,and damaged erythrocytes are removed from circulation by the

A) liver and pancreas
B) spleen and bone marrow
C) liver and spleen
D) pancreas and spleen
E) liver and bone marrow

Question 32

A mineral and two vitamins that are essential to normal erythrocyte production are

A) calcium, vitamin C, and folic acid
B) iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid
C) iron, vitamin D, and ascorbic acid
D) calcium, vitamin B12, and ascorbic acid
E) iron, vitamin C, and folic acid

Question 33

The immature red blood cells that are released by the bone marrow into the blood stream are

A) erythroblasts
B) hemocytoblasts
C) myeloblasts
D) reticulocytes
E) megakaryocytes

Question 34

Erythrocyte production is regulated by a hormone that is produced by the liver in an inactive form.This hormone is

A) renal erythropoietic factor
B) erythropoietin
C) erythropoietic stimulating hormone
D) growth hormone
E) atrial natriuretic hormone

Question 35

In the adult,red blood cells are produced in the

A) diaphysis of long bones
B) yellow bone marrow
C) liver and spleen
D) red bone marrow
E) heart and lymphoid organs

Question 36

The average life of an erythrocyte is

A) 30 days
B) 60 days
C) 90 days
D) 120 days
E) 1 year

Question 37

The production of formed elements is called

A) hemopoiesis
B) reticulopoiesis
C) polycythemia
D) hemolysis
E) hemogenesis

Question 38

Which formed element functions in blood clotting?

A) erythrocyte
B) neutrophil
C) thrombocyte
D) monocyte
E) leukocyte

Question 39

The formed elements that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide are the

A) leukocytes
B) monocytes
C) thrombocytes
D) erythrocytes
E) neutrophils

Question 40

Which of the following is an agranular leukocyte?

A) eosinophil
B) basophil
C) neutrophil
D) monocyte
E) thrombocyte

Question 41

ABO blood types are determined by the presence or absence of

A) agglutinins on the surface of an erythrocyte
B) agglutinogens in the plasma
C) agglutinogens on the surface of a leukocyte
D) agglutinogens on the surface of an erythrocyte
E) agglutinins on the surface of a leukocyte

Question 42

Three aspects of hemostasis are

A) formation of thrombin, formation of fibrin, and formation of a clot
B) vasoconstriction, formation of platelet plug, and formation of a clot
C) vasoconstriction, formation of thrombin, and formation of a clot
D) formation of a platelet plug, formation of fibrin, and formation of a clot
E) formation of a platelet plug, formation of thrombin, and formation of fibrin

Question 43

Rh incompatibility is a problem in some pregnancies and may result in hemolytic disease of the newborn.For this condition to develop

A) both the mother and fetus are Rh-
B) both the mother and fetus are Rh+
C) the mother is Rh+ and the fetus is Rh-
D) the mother is Rh- and the fetus is Rh+

Question 44

The blood type protein on the surface of an RBC is called a(n)

A) antibody
B) agglutinin
C) hemolytic factor
D) agglutinogen
E) clotting factor

Question 45

A condition of too many cells in the blood is called

A) anemia
B) polycythemia
C) leukocytosis
D) hemorrhage
E) hemopoiesis

Question 46

A person with type AB blood has

A) anti-B agglutinins
B) anti-A agglutinins
C) both anti-A and anti-B agglutinins
D) both A and B agglutinogens
E) neither A nor B agglutinogens

Question 47

Which cells are very large agranular leukocytes that enter peripheral tissue and engulf foreign material?

A) lymphocytes
B) monocytes
C) neutrophils
D) eosinophils
E) basophils

Question 48

The mineral ion that is essential for blood clotting is

A) sodium
B) potassium
C) calcium
D) iron
E) magnesium

Question 49

A deficiency of blood clotting cells is called

A) hemolysis
B) polycythemia
C) thrombocytopenia
D) leukocytosis
E) anemia

Question 50

The formation of a blood clot involves the following events.What is the correct sequence?
1)the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
2)the formation of prothrombin activator
3)the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

A) 1, 2, 3
B) 2, 3, 1
C) 3, 2, 1
D) 2, 1, 3
E) 3, 1, 2

Question 51

If hemolytic disease of the newborn develops as a result of Rh incompatibility,the baby's blood may be slowly removed and replaced with _____ blood.

A) Rh+
B) Rh-
C) type O
D) type AB

Question 52

The small,phagocytic granulocyte is a(n)

A) lymphocyte
B) monocyte
C) neutrophil
D) eosinophil
E) basophil

Question 53

The process of dissolving a clot is called

A) retraction
B) fibrinolysis
C) phagocytosis
D) dissolution
E) healing

Question 54

The leukocyte that releases histamine and heparin is the

A) basophil
B) eosinophil
C) neutrophil
D) monocyte
E) lymphocyte

Question 55

A person with normal Rh+ blood has _____ anti-Rh agglutinins.

A) Rh agglutinogens and
B) no Rh agglutinogens but has
C) Rh agglutinogens but has no
D) no Rh agglutinogens and no

Question 56

The substance in connective tissue that attracts platelets and makes them sticky is

A) serotonin
B) collagen
C) fibrin
D) prothrombin
E) histamine

Question 57

The purpose of hemostasis is to

A) allow phagocytes to leave the blood and enter tissues
B) prevent blood loss from the vessels
C) increase blood flow to the tissues in a given area
D) decrease blood pressure through negative feedback
E) allow time for oxygen and carbon dioxide diffusion

Question 58

The vitamin that is essential for blood clotting is vitamin

A) A
B) C
C) D
D) E
E) K

Question 59

The initial response to blood vessel injury is

A) formation of a blood clot
B) formation of a platelet plug
C) constriction of the blood vessel
D) release of collagen
E) activation of thrombin

Question 60

A person with type A blood may be given a transfusion of type _____ blood.

A) A or type AB
B) A or type O
C) B or type AB
D) AB or type O
E) A or type B

Question 61

What is the term for the components in recipient's blood that react with mismatched donor's blood?

Question 62

What is the term for the class of plasma proteins that function in transporting lipids and in immunity?

Question 63

What are the terms for the two agranulocytes in the blood?

Question 64

What is the term for the component that makes up about 55 percent of blood volume?

Question 65

What is the term for the most abundant plasma protein?

Question 66

What is the term for the blood type proteins on the surface of RBCs?

Question 67

What is the term for the largest phagocytic blood cell?

Question 68

What is the term for the insoluble threads that form the foundation of a blood clot?

Question 69

What is the term for the formed element that functions in blood clotting?

Question 70

What is the term for the most numerous phagocytic leukocyte?

Question 71

What are the two ABO blood types that theoretically can be given to a type A individual?

Question 72

What is the term for the molecule in erythrocytes that combines with oxygen?

Question 73

What is the fetal Rh type that may develop hemolytic disease of the newborn?

Question 74

What is the term for the stem cell or precursor cell that gives rise to all blood cell types?

Question 75

What is the term for the process of forming blood cells?