Deck 16: Digestive System

Question 1

The tongue is loosely connected to the floor of the mouth by a membranous fold of tissue called the

A) uvula
B) root
C) papilla
D) frenulum
E) falciform ligament

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The hard substance that covers the crown of a tooth is

A) dentin
B) pulp
C) enamel
D) cementum
E) apical bone

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Mechanical digestion begins in the mouth with

A) hydrolysis
B) mastication
C) deglutition
D) peristalsis
E) absorption

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The gallbladder is attached to the visceral surface of the liver by the common bile duct.

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct match for the type and number of teeth in a complete adult set?

A) primary, 20 teeth
B) primary, 32 teeth
C) deciduous, 32 teeth
D) secondary, 20 teeth
E) secondary, 32 teeth

Question 6

The partition that separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity is the

A) uvula
B) frenulum
C) palate
D) sphincter
E) epiglottis

Question 7

Bile salts emulsify fats prior to digestion and then aid in the absorption of the end products of fat digestion.

Question 8

The layer of the wall of the gastrointestinal tract that contains the blood vessels and nerves is the

A) mucosa
B) submucosa
C) muscular layer
D) serosa
E) adventitia

Question 9

Amino acids are converted back to proteins in the cells of the microvilli before they are absorbed into the blood.

Question 10

The teeth that have flat surfaces with little bumps for crushing and grinding food particles are

A) incisors
B) molars
C) canines
D) cuspids

Question 11

Secretin stimulates the pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes.

Question 12

Pepsin and trypsin both function in the digestion of proteins.

Question 13

In the stomach and small intestine,the mucosa consists of

A) stratified squamous epithelium
B) smooth muscle
C) loose connective tissue
D) simple squamous epithelium
E) simple columnar epithelium

Question 14

The posterior projection of the soft palate is the

A) uvula
B) frenulum
C) root
D) papilla
E) rugae

Question 15

Which one of the following is an accessory organ of the digestive tract?

A) pharynx
B) stomach
C) small intestine
D) pancreas
E) large intestine

Question 16

The passage of chyme through the cardiac sphincter initiates the intestinal phase of gastric secretions.

Question 17

The complete deciduous dentition has 20 teeth and the permanent dentition has 32 teeth.

Question 18

The splenic flexure is between the ascending colon and transverse colon.

Question 19

Impulses along the vagus nerve stimulate gastric secretions in the cephalic phase of the regulation of gastric secretions.

Question 20

The falciform ligament separates the right and left lobes of the liver on the anterior surface and attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall.

Question 21

The tonsils located closest to the fauces are the

A) pharyngeal tonsils
B) palatine tonsils
C) adenoids
D) laryngeal tonsils

Question 22

Salivary amylase catalyzes the hydrolysis of

A) starches into maltose
B) starches into glucose
C) proteins into polypeptides
D) proteins into amino acids
E) lipids into fatty acids

Question 23

The pulp cavity is surrounded by

A) dentin
B) cementum
C) periodontal ligaments
D) enamel
E) apical bone

Question 24

The flexure between the transverse colon and descending colon is the _____ flexure.

A) right hepatic
B) transverse
C) splenic
D) hepatic
E) gastric

Question 25

Most of the stomach is located in the _____ quadrant of the abdomen.

A) upper right
B) upper left
C) lower right
D) lower left

Question 26

The outer muscle layer of the large intestine is incomplete and is collected into three bands of muscle called

A) haustra
B) epiploic appendages
C) plicae circulares
D) plicae musculares
E) teniae coli

Question 27

All of the following are produced in the small intestine EXCEPT

A) trypsinogen
B) maltase
C) enterokinase
D) sucrase
E) secretin

Question 28

Which of the following typically slows stomach emptying and stays in the stomach for the longest time period?

A) liquids
B) carbohydrates
C) fats
D) proteins

Question 29

A hormone that stimulates the secretion of gastric juice is

A) secretin
B) gastrin
C) cholecystokinin
D) gastric releasing hormone

Question 30

The tiny fingerlike projections on the plicae circulares in the small intestine are

A) villi
B) haustra
C) rugae
D) teniae coli
E) lacteals

Question 31

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the passage of food after it is swallowed?

A) pharynx, larynx, esophagus, stomach
B) larynx, pharynx, esophagus, stomach
C) larynx, esophagus, pharynx, stomach
D) pharynx, esophagus, stomach
E) esophagus, pharynx, stomach

Question 32

Cholecystokinin from the small intestine stimulates the

A) secretion of gastrin
B) secretion of pancreatic enzymes
C) secretion of bicarbonate-rich fluid from the pancreas
D) absorption of fats
E) absorption of simple sugars

Question 33

Chyme passes through the pyloric sphincter from the stomach into the

A) ileum
B) duodenum
C) jejunum
D) esophagus
E) fundus

Question 34

Longitudinal folds of the stomach mucosa that permit expansion are called

A) sphincters
B) plicae circulares
C) teniae coli
D) rugae
E) haustra

Question 35

The largest of the salivary glands is normally the _____ gland.

A) sublingual
B) submandibular
C) submaxillary
D) parotid
E) thyroid

Question 36

The enzyme in saliva is

A) pepsin
B) amylase
C) lipase
D) sucrase
E) maltase

Question 37

Exocrine cells in the stomach secrete all of the following EXCEPT

A) pepsinogen
B) mucus
C) gastrin
D) hydrochloric acid
E) intrinsic factor

Question 38

The muscular layer of the stomach wall consists of an

A) inner longitudinal and outer circular layer
B) inner longitudinal layer, outer circular layer, and a third oblique layer which is outermost
C) outer longitudinal layer, inner circular layer, and a third oblique layer which is outermost
D) outer longitudinal layer, inner circular layer, and a third oblique layer which is innermost
E) outer longitudinal and inner circular layer

Question 39

The most important factor for regulating secretions in the small intestine is

A) presence of bicarbonate ions
B) stimulation by secretin
C) stimulation by cholecystokinin
D) presence of chyme
E) the acidity of the chyme

Question 40

Regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus is prevented by the

A) upper pyloric sphincter
B) upper esophageal sphincter
C) lower esophageal sphincter
D) lower fauces
E) lower pyloric sphincter

Question 41

The end products of protein digestion are

A) fatty acids
B) monosaccharides
C) monoglycerides
D) polypeptides
E) amino acids

Question 42

The pancreas is located

A) along the anterior abdominal wall
B) along the posterior abdominal wall
C) in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen
D) in the lower left quadrant of the abdomen
E) in the right lumbar region of the abdomen

Question 43

The structure in the center of a liver lobule is a branch of the

A) hepatic artery
B) hepatic vein
C) hepatic portal vein
D) hepatic duct
E) liver sinusoid

Question 44

When monoglycerides and fatty acids enter the epithelial cells of a villus,they

A) are converted to micelles and enter a lacteal
B) are converted to micelles and enter a blood capillary
C) diffuse directly into a lacteal
D) are converted to triglycerides that combine into chylomicrons and enter a blood capillary
E) are converted to triglycerides that combine into chylomicrons and enter a lacteal

Question 45

The hormone that stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate ions by the pancreas is

A) gastrin
B) secretin
C) cholecystokinin
D) pancreatic-releasing hormone
E) intestinal-stimulating hormone

Question 46

All of the following are correct matches between pancreatic enzyme and substrate EXCEPT

A) pancreatic amylase, carbohydrates
B) trypsin, proteins
C) lipase, fats
D) enterokinase, proteins

Question 47

All of the following are correct about blood flow through the liver lobule EXCEPT

A) nutrient-rich blood is brought to the liver by the hepatic portal vein
B) oxygen-rich blood is brought to the liver by the hepatic artery
C) venous blood is carried away from the liver by the hepatic portal vein
D) the hepatic vein takes blood from the liver to the IVC
E) the hepatic portal vein carries blood from the spleen and intestines to the liver

Question 48

The end products of fat digestion are

A) polypeptides and amino acids
B) monosaccharides and amino acids
C) monoglycerides and amino acids
D) monoglycerides and fatty acids
E) monopeptides and amino acids

Question 49

Postprandial means

A) lack of appetite
B) after a meal
C) after vomiting
D) after a toothache
E) pain in the rectum and anus

Question 50

Inflammation of the salivary glands is called

A) gingivitis
B) enteritis
C) anorexia
D) sialadenitis
E) cholecystitis

Question 51

The exocrine portions of the pancreas are the

A) acinar cells which secrete digestive enzymes
B) acinar cells which secrete hormones
C) pancreatic islets which secrete digestive enzymes
D) pancreatic islets which secrete hormones

Question 52

Bile is temporarily stored in the

A) bile canaliculi
B) liver lobule
C) gallbladder
D) hepatic duct
E) hepatopancreatic ampulla

Question 53

Fatty substances in chyme are emulsified by

A) bilirubin
B) bile salts
C) bile pigments
D) cholesterol in bile
E) lipase enzymes

Question 54

The anterior surface of the liver is divided into right and left lobes by the

A) ligamentum venosum
B) ligamentum teres
C) ligamentum arteriosum
D) gastrohepatic ligament
E) falciform ligament

Question 55

The end products of carbohydrate digestion are

A) glucose, fructose, and galactose
B) sucrose, maltose, and lactose
C) glucose, maltose, and fructose
D) glucose, sucrose, and galactose
E) sucrose, fructose, and lactose

Question 56

Nutrients that are absorbed into the capillaries of the villi include

A) glucose, amino acids and monoglycerides
B) monosaccharides, fatty acids and monoglycerides
C) glucose and amino acids
D) monoglycerides and fatty acids
E) triglycerides, glucose, and amino acids

Question 57

Which of the following is a primary function of the large intestine?

A) absorption of water and electrolytes
B) complete the digestion of carbohydrates
C) absorption of glucose and amino acids
D) complete the digestion of fats
E) produce enzymes for utilization of nutrients

Question 58

Gallbladder contraction is stimulated by

A) cholecystokinin
B) secretin
C) gastrin
D) sympathetic nerve impulses
E) epinephrine

Question 59

Most of the liver is located in the _____ quadrant of the abdomen.

A) upper right
B) lower right
C) upper left
D) lower left

Question 60

All of the following are functions of the liver EXCEPT

A) production and secretion of bile
B) synthesis of plasma proteins
C) storage of glucose
D) secretion of digestive enzymes
E) excretion of drugs and cholesterol

Question 61

What is the term for the enzyme secreted by stomach cells?

Question 62

What are the components of a portal triad in the liver?

Question 63

What is the term for the structure that separates oral cavity from nasal cavity?

Question 64

What is the term for the region of the small intestine where the pancreatic duct empties pancreatic exocrine secretions?

Question 65

What is the term for the first,or proximal,part of the small intestine?

Question 66

What is the term for the nerve plexus in the muscle layer of the gastrointestinal wall?

Question 67

What is the hormone that stimulates release of bicarbonate-rich fluid from the pancreas?

Question 68

What are the three monosaccharides that are the end products of carbohydrate digestion?

Question 69

What is the digestive function of the liver?

Question 70

What is the term for the enzyme in saliva?

Question 71

What is the term for the structure that controls passage of food from esophagus into stomach?

Question 72

What is the term for the type of muscle tissue in the tongue?

Question 73

What is the term for the longitudinal folds in mucosa of stomach?

Question 74

What is the term for the largest of the salivary glands?

Question 75

What is the term for the lymph capillaries that absorb monoglycerides and fat soluble vitamins?