Deck 1: Introduction to the Human Body

Question 1

A study of the body's defense against disease is called

A) pharmacology
B) embryology
C) pathology
D) immunology
E) cytology

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The body system that coordinates body activities by receiving and transmitting impulses is the

A) integumentary
B) respiratory
C) endocrine
D) nervous
E) muscular

Answer 2

D

Question 3

From simplest to most complex,the levels of organization within the human body are

A) chemical, cells, tissues, organs, systems, organism
B) chemical, tissues, systems, cells, organs, organism
C) cells, organs, organism, chemical, tissues, systems
D) organism, systems, organs, tissues, cells, chemical
E) cells, chemical, organs, tissues, organism, systems

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Anatomy is the study of

A) function of living organisms
B) structure of living organisms
C) diseases of living organisms
D) tissues of living organisms
E) the bones and muscles in humans

Question 5

The body system that transports oxygen to body cells is the respiratory system.

Question 6

Heat and pressure are physical factors that are necessary for human life.

Question 7

The part of metabolism that synthesizes large molecules from smaller ones is called catabolism.

Question 8

The function of the lymphatic system is to

A) process food into usable molecules
B) defend the body against disease
C) transport nutrients and oxygen
D) form the framework of the body
E) remove nitrogenous wastes from the blood

Question 9

In anatomic position your arms are at your sides and palms are facing forward.

Question 10

Ductless glands belong to the _____ system.

A) lymphatic
B) endocrine
C) respiratory
D) urinary
E) digestive

Question 11

The longitudinal plane that divides the body or an organ into anterior and posterior regions is the sagittal plane.

Question 12

When your body needs water,you get thirsty,and then you get a drink.This is an example of a positive feedback mechanism because you take a positive action by getting a drink.

Question 13

Which of the following are less complex on the organizational scale than organs?

A) systems and organisms
B) tissues and systems
C) cells and tissues
D) chemical and systems
E) cells and systems

Question 14

The cell is the simplest living unit of organization within the human body.

Question 15

The brachium and popliteal areas are part of the axial portion of the body.

Question 16

The organ system that regulates fluid and chemical content of the body is

A) respiratory
B) digestive
C) cardiovascular
D) urinary
E) lymphatic

Question 17

The most inferior abdominal region on the left side is the left lumbar region.

Question 18

If you are standing on your head,your eyes are inferior to your mouth.

Question 19

The organizational level that consists of cells with similar structure and function and has four groups called epithelial,connective,muscle,and nervous is

A) chemical
B) tissues
C) cellular
D) organs
E) systems

Question 20

Physiology is the study of _____ living organisms.

A) diseases of
B) cellular arrangement of
C) digestive processes in
D) functions in
E) structure of body parts in

Question 21

A patient in the anatomical position

A) is also in the supine position
B) has the buttocks and shoulder blades uppermost
C) has the eyes open, facing inward
D) has the abdominal surface and palmar surfaces of the hands facing the same direction
E) has the gluteal region and the sternal region facing the same direction

Question 22

Body temperature usually shows slight variations,but stays within a normal range.This is an example of

A) positive feedback
B) catabolism
C) homeostasis
D) organization
E) metabolism

Question 23

The directional term that is opposite of proximal is

A) visceral
B) superficial
C) deep
D) distal
E) medial

Question 24

A patient that is in anatomical position

A) is sitting down and facing you
B) has arms elevated in front of the body
C) has the palms of the hand directed anteriorly
D) is standing erect with the head turned to the right
E) has the palms of the hands resting on the knees

Question 25

The term that describes a location toward the front of the body is

A) proximal
B) frontal
C) superior
D) anterior
E) dorsal

Question 26

During the birth of a baby,a hormone called oxytocin causes strong uterine contractions.The contractions stimulate the release of more oxytocin,which causes even stronger contractions.The cycle continues until there is a culminating event,namely the birth of the baby.This is an example of

A) metabolism
B) homeostasis
C) positive feedback
D) negative feedback
E) uncontrollable homeostasis

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a physical factor essential for life?

A) respiration
B) water
C) pressure
D) heat
E) oxygen

Question 28

Homeostasis is ultimately maintained by

A) metabolism
B) positive feedback loops
C) differentiation loops
D) negative feedback loops
E) anabolism

Question 29

The plane that divides the body or an organ into anterior and posterior portions is the _____ plane.

A) anterior
B) sagittal
C) midsagittal
D) transverse
E) frontal

Question 30

The sum of all life processes is

A) homeostasis
B) metabolism
C) anabolism
D) catabolism
E) growth

Question 31

The directional term that best describes the eyes relative to the nose is

A) lateral
B) dorsal
C) anterior
D) distal
E) medial

Question 32

Which one of the following pairs of directional terms is not correctly paired as opposites?

A) lateral-medial
B) superficial-parietal
C) anterior-posterior
D) proximal-distal
E) superior-inferior

Question 33

Differentiation is the process by which cells

A) develop distinctive structural and functional characteristics
B) select the different substances they utilize
C) detect the differences between the external and internal environments
D) determine which substances need to be retained in the body and which ones need to be excreted
E) determine which foods are digestible and which ones are not

Question 34

Which of the following are physical factors that are essential to human life?

A) growth and water
B) movement and respiration
C) water and pressure
D) reproduction and nutrients
E) organization and oxygen

Question 35

Jonathan is in anatomic position.In this position

A) his arms are elevated to shoulder height
B) he is sitting down on a chair
C) his knees are superior to his hips
D) he is face down on a bed
E) he is standing with his feet on the floor

Question 36

The process by which unspecialized cells change into cells with distinctive characteristics is called

A) differentiation
B) reproduction
C) anabolism
D) organization
E) growth

Question 37

The maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment with only slight deviations within a normal range is called

A) metabolism
B) anabolism
C) catabolism
D) homeostasis
E) differentiation

Question 38

When blood pressure increases above normal,sense receptors detect the change.Responses follow that decrease the blood pressure back to normal.This type of response is an example of

A) positive feedback
B) negative feedback
C) metabolism
D) anabolism
E) catabolism

Question 39

Any condition that disrupts homeostasis is called

A) negative feedback
B) a response
C) metabolism
D) a stressor
E) positive feedback

Question 40

Combining a molecule of glucose with a molecule of fructose to make a larger molecule of sucrose is an example of

A) homeostasis
B) anabolism
C) catabolism
D) digestion
E) differentiation

Question 41

The liver is described as being located in the upper right quadrant of the abdominal cavity.This means that a large portion of the liver is located in the _____ region.

A) hypogastric
B) right lumbar
C) umbilical
D) right iliac
E) right hypochondriac

Question 42

Jason's leg was badly crushed in an accident and to save his life the surgeon had to amputate his leg below the knee.The primary direction of cut to perform the amputation was in the _____ plane.

A) transverse
B) midsagittal
C) sagittal
D) frontal
E) coronal

Question 43

The region of the ear is the _____ region.

A) oral
B) optic
C) otic
D) ophthalmic
E) occipital

Question 44

The arms and legs are part of the

A) axial portion of the body
B) dorsal body cavity
C) appendicular portion of the body
D) ventral body cavity
E) parietal portion of the body

Question 45

The cavity listed below that contains all of the others listed is the _____ cavity.

A) thoracic
B) ventral
C) abdominal
D) pelvic
E) abdominopelvic

Question 46

The diaphragm is inferior to the _____ cavity.

A) thoracic
B) abdominal
C) pelvic
D) spinal
E) peritoneal

Question 47

The plane that divides the brain into right and left portions is

A) transverse
B) frontal
C) sagittal
D) horizontal
E) median

Question 48

A root that means alike or the same is

A) vas-
B) homeo-
C) metabol-
D) ana-
E) dors-

Question 49

The posterior area of the knee joint is known as the _____ body region.

A) crural
B) popliteal
C) antecubital
D) femoral
E) brachium

Question 50

The two major cavities of the body are referred to as the dorsal and ventral body cavities.The ventral body cavity

A) is smaller than the dorsal cavity
B) contains organs concerned almost entirely with respiration, integration, and control
C) is divided into cranial and spinal portions
D) is subdivided into thoracic and abdominopelvic parts
E) is divided by the diaphragm into abdominal and pelvic regions

Question 51

Which of the following is totally within the upper right quadrant of the abdomen?

A) right iliac region
B) hypogastric region
C) right lumbar region
D) right hypochondriac region
E) epigastric region

Question 52

The abdominal region that is lateral to the umbilical region is the _____ region.

A) iliac
B) inguinal
C) lumbar
D) hypochondriac
E) hypogastric

Question 53

Which of the following belongs to the appendicular portion of the body?

A) neck
B) vertebral column
C) ribs and sternum
D) thigh
E) cranium

Question 54

Intramuscular injections frequently are given in the buttock region.This is also identified as the _____ region.

A) gluteal
B) inguinal
C) lumbar
D) sacral
E) iliac

Question 55

All of the following regions are located on the head EXCEPT the _____ region.

A) buccal
B) otic
C) oral
D) ophthalmic
E) crural

Question 56

Which of the following belongs to the axial portion of the body?

A) arm
B) head
C) thigh
D) leg
E) hand

Question 57

The suffix "-itis" means

A) study of
B) to cut
C) nearest
D) inflammation
E) upon or above

Question 58

The term costal refers to the

A) ribs
B) wrist
C) abdomen
D) forearm
E) skull

Question 59

Which of the following pairs of cavities are separated by the diaphragm?

A) ventral cavity and dorsal cavity
B) thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
C) thoracic cavity and dorsal cavity
D) cranial cavity and spinal cavity
E) abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

Question 60

The stomach is just below the diaphragm on the left side.Most of the stomach is located in the _____ region.

A) left hypochondriac
B) left lumbar
C) left inguinal
D) umbilical
E) hypogastric

Question 61

What is the term for the cavity that contains the heart,stomach,liver,and urinary bladder?

Question 62

What is the term for the neck region?

Question 63

What is the term for the condition of a constant internal environment; the internal environment stays within normal ranges?

Question 64

What is the term for the type of mechanism in which actions stimulate each other until there is a culminating event that terminates the process?

Question 65

What is the term for the body system that includes the skin?

Question 66

What are three physical factors necessary for human life?

Question 67

What is the term for the organizational level that is a collection of different tissues that work together to perform one or more functions?

Question 68

What is the term for the abdominal region that is superior to the umbilical region?

Question 69

What is the term that means closer to origin or attachment?

Question 70

What is the term for the region behind the knee?

Question 71

What is the term for the central abdominal region?

Question 72

What is the term for the smallest or most specific body cavity that contains the heart and lungs?

Question 73

What is the term for the plane that divides an organ into right and left portions?

Question 74

What is the term for the study of functions and their relationships to each other and to structure?

Question 75

What is the term for the arm?