Deck 9: The Human Nature of Nature

Question 1

Which of the following is not "nature" or "natural" according to Aristotle?

A) A wooden bed
B) Molten lava
C) A breath of fresh air
D) A violently destructive tornado

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is "nature" or "natural" according to Aristotle?

A) A wooden bed made by a human
B) A dam made by a beaver
C) Hives made by bees
D) Fires made by spontaneous combustion

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Stephen Jay Gould replicated the "craniometry" research of Samuel G. Morton and concluded that:

A) the smaller stature of females explained the difference in cranial size.
B) cranial size does not indicate intelligence.
C) feet size is a better predictor of intelligence.
D) there is no significant difference between "races" in cranial size.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Where did the idea of the national park originate?

A) In England where it was later transplanted to the United States
B) In Southeast Asia
C) On the Indian subcontinent
D) In the United States

Question 5

The example of the Keoladeo Ghana bird sanctuary established in Bharatpur, India demonstrates:

A) that bird populations will increase if given sufficient wilderness in which to propagate.
B) that local villagers have a devastating impact on wildlife.
C) that humans and nature can coexist in harmony due to their interdependencies.
D) that beneficial grazing was successful at overturning governmental ban on cattle grazing.

Question 6

What is an environmental nonproblem?

A) Idealist conceptions of the environment that ignores problems
B) Industrial narratives that spin and suppress the evidence of environmental
Problems
C) Scientific conflict over environmental problems that arises over disputed
Evidence
D) A lie

Question 7

The book argues that under moral holism?

A) environmental problems have emerged because we have tried to pretend that we are distinct from nature.
B) people are part of nature.
C) "Follow nature" is superfluous advice.
D) All of the above.

Question 8

The authors' argument that nature is an inescapably social and political phenomenon rests on the assumption that:

A) the ancients show us as much in their teachings.
B) nature is in part socially constructed.
C) scientific conflict over environmental issues arise over contested
Data.
D) politics is a polluting force.

Question 9

What is one example of environmental determinism?

A) Huntington's claim that climate was correlated with civilization
B) The successful establishment of the Keoladeo Ghana bird sanctuary
C) The construction of climate change skepticism
D) Suburban and exurban zoning controls

Question 10

How does the idea of an "ozone hole" exemplify social construction?

A) It's an example of the realist-constructionist debate.
B) It threatens the natural conscience of environmentalists.
C) It demonstrates that how we see nature depends upon our perspective on social life.
D) The ozone hole is used as a metaphor to capture public and political attention.

Question 11

Which of the following was the tragic example of naturalistic arguments used to promote racism?

A) Huntington's civilization research
B) Morton's Craniometry
C) The social construction of the ozone hole
D) The development of a bird sanctuary in India

Question 12

The case of changes in agreement over global warming is a prime example of which concept?

A) Social reflection
B) Postmodernism
C) Environmental nonproblems
D) Social inconvenience of "nature"

Question 13

What was Ellsworth Huntington's conclusion about the relationship between climate and civilization?

A) That climate was poorly related to the degree of civilization of a people
B) That Europe and the northeastern United States were associated with the highest levels of civilization
C) That climate was correlated with size of skull
D) That climate shaped what forms of wilderness protection certain civilizations pursued

Question 14

The author writes, "Wildness is a state of mind more than a state of nature." What does he mean by this?

A) Fixing environmental problems requires psychological change.
B) Morton's Craniometry spoke to the way different people understood nature.
C) The political sphere uses larger-than-life metaphors to shift public opinion on environmental issues.
D) We socially construct the meaning of nature.

Question 15

How has tourism's rise been closely associated with environmentalism's rise?

A) Environmentalism has long stressed giving value to what is far from one's own home.
B) Tourists are attracted to places of man-made beauty.
C) Tourist travel to places that permit them the "tourist gaze."
D) The "culture of leisure" separates tourists from locals.

Question 16

The best definition of ghosts of place is:

A) the way a landscape and its people can bring in the tourist's dollars.
B) the way tourists need to "see" the landscape to give it significance.
C) the way local people experience landscape visually.
D) a sense of the presence of that which is not, and those who are not, physically there.

Question 17

What was the primary argument of groups like Negative Population Growth, Zero Population Growth, and FAIR, Population-Environment Balance, according to the text?

A) Population growth is primarily from immigration.
B) Population growth negatively impacts our environment and quality of life.
C) Overpopulation causes environmental degradation, traffic jams, deteriorating infrastructures, and homelessness.
D) All of the above.

Question 18

In Climate and Civilization, Ellsworth Huntington concluded that difficult climates produce people with the greatest strength of will, the least idleness, and the highest intelligence needed to survive harsh and extreme conditions.

Question 19

Latour and Freudenberg argue that we should conceptualize the social and environmental as distinctly separate categories or ideas.

Question 20

Marx believed that Darwin's theory of natural selectionwas used by elites to suppress the working class.

Question 21

Government agencies in the U.S. correctly displayed the depletion of ozone in the atmosphere as a "hole" to urge action to decrease the release of CFC's.

Question 22

The traditional cattle grazing of the Maasai is the majo cause of the decline of rhino and elephant populations in Kenya. .

Question 23

Actor network theory helps explain the dialogue betweenIdeal and material factors in the "nature-culture"dichotomy.

Question 24

The book argues that under moral separatism "we can't follow nature." Explain?

Question 25

Aristotle was concerned about "monism" within Plato's view of creation. What is "monism" and why was Aristotle concerned about it?

Question 26

Name and describe at least two of the four characteristics of an environmental non-problem?

Question 27

What are actor networks?

Question 28

The ancient Indian fable of blind people encountering an elephant for the first time is used to demonstrate the realist-constructionist debate about environmental problems. Summarize this debate and provide an example of how the realist and constructionist perspective are complementary, not contradictory.?

Question 29

Is it possible to "follow nature?" Defend your answer sociologically, drawing upon materials from the course?

Question 30

The development of a natural conscience depends upon the sense of a realm free from the pollution of social interests-a natural other, from which we may gain a sense of a natural me. But is such a realm possible? Can there be a moral realm that is truly free of social interests? Explain?

Question 31

Give an example of how environmental policies have been used to promote social exclusion?

Question 32

Based on your readings, how would you answer the question, "What is nature?

Question 33

The sociologist Raymond Williams once wrote: "…the idea of nature contains, though often unnoticed, an extraordinary amount of human history." What did he mean by this? Of what theoretical approach is this statement an example? In your answer, draw upon the materials of this course to give at least three applications of Williams' insight.?

Question 34

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ People are part of nature and environmental problems have emerged because we try to pretend otherwise.

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 35

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ separatist irrelevance

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 36

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ a source of change within itself

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 37

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ man-made

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 38

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ acting without deliberate effort

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 39

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ acting deliberately

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 40

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ essence

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 41

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ the way

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 42

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ truth is socially relative

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 43

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ theory of natural selection

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 44

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ On the Origins of the Species

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 45

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ used by science as a source of political legitimation

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 46

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ environmental determinism

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 47

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ Climate and Civilization

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 48

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ nature-culture

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 49

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ socio-environmental

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 50

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ Samuel George Morton

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 51

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ John Urry

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin

Question 52

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ "Lifeboat ethics"

A) moral holism
B) holistic superfluousness
C) nature
D) not nature
E) wu wei
F) yu wei
G) te
H) Dao
I) postmodernism
J) Charles Darwin
K) Charles Darwin
L) naturalization
M) Ellsworth Huntington
N) Ellsworth Huntington
O) Bruno Latour
P) William Freudenberg
Q) Craniometry
R) Tourist Gaze
S) Garrett Hardin