Deck 9: Sensory System

Question 1

Which one of the following is an INCORRECT match of receptor and example?

A) chemoreceptor-taste
B) mechanoreceptor-hearing
C) nociceptor-equilibrium
D) thermoreceptor-cold
E) photoreceptor-vision

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Airborne molecules

A) may stimulate the sense of smell and the sense of taste at the same time
B) stimulate the sense of smell, but not the sense of taste
C) stimulate the sense of taste, but not the sense of smell
D) do not stimulate either the sense of smell or the sense of taste because airborne molecules do not dissolve

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The crista ampullaris is involved in detecting the position of the head relative to gravity or movement in a straight line.

Answer 3

False
The crista ampullaris is involved in dynamic equilibrium or rotational movement.

Question 4

Proprioception is the sense of position.

Question 5

Which one of the following is NOT a receptor for touch or pressure?

A) Golgi tendon organ
B) free nerve endings
C) lamellated or Pacinian corpuscles
D) Meissner's corpuscles

Question 6

The sense of smell is

A) perceived in the parietal lobe
B) detected by nociceptors
C) called olfaction
D) detected by receptors in the same region as taste receptors

Question 7

Contraction of ciliary muscles causes the lens to flatten for distance vision.

Question 8

Otoliths are calcium carbonate crystals embedded in the gelatinous mass of the cupula in the crista ampullaris.

Question 9

Which of the following is INCORRECT about the sense of pain?

A) is detected by nociceptors
B) receptors are stimulated by tissue damage
C) shows rapid sensory adaptation
D) receptors may continue to send signals after stimulus is removed

Question 10

Fluid within the bony labyrinth,but outside the membranous labyrinth,of the inner ear is called perilymph.

Question 11

The light sensitive pigment in the rods is rhodopsin.

Question 12

Special senses

A) are widely distributed throughout the body
B) include touch, pain, and pressure
C) are also called somatic senses
D) have receptors that are localized

Question 13

Visual impulses travel along the optic nerve to the optic chiasma,then along optic tracts to the thalamus,and then along optic radiations to the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex where they are interpreted.

Question 14

Rods are most numerous in the fovea centralis where vision is sharpest.

Question 15

Proprioception is

A) detected by nociceptors
B) a sense of position or orientation
C) detected by free nerve endings
D) a sense of pain

Question 16

Sensory adaptation to repeated stimuli involves a(n)

A) decrease in impulse formation
B) increase in impulse formation
C) increase in the sensitivity to the stimulus
D) decrease in the stimulus strength

Question 17

Taste receptors are

A) the taste hairs of the taste buds
B) distributed evenly over the surface of the tongue
C) mechanoreceptors
D) sensitive to sweet, salty, sour, and spicy tastes

Question 18

Which of the following is an INCORRECT match between primary taste sensation and location of receptor?

A) salty-tip and sides of tongue
B) bitter-posterior region of tongue
C) sweet-central region of tongue
D) sour-sides of tongue

Question 19

The region of the basilar membrane near the base of the cochlea vibrates in response to high frequency sound waves.

Question 20

The auditory ossicle attached to the tympanic membrane is the malleus.

Question 21

The size of the pupil is regulated by muscles in the

A) ciliary body
B) iris
C) lens
D) cornea
E) conjunctiva

Question 22

The vitamin that is necessary for the synthesis of rhodopsin is vitamin

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 23

The middle layer of the bulbus oculi,the pigmented vascular tunic,is the

A) cornea
B) choroid
C) pupil
D) sclera
E) lens

Question 24

The correct pathway for the transmission of an impulse from the photoreceptor cells to the visual cortex in the brain begins in the rods/cones and continues along the

A) optic tract, optic chiasma, optic nerve, thalamus, optic radiations, occipital lobe
B) optic nerve, optic chiasma, optic tract, thalamus, optic radiations, occipital lobe
C) optic nerve, optic chiasma, optic radiations, thalamus, optic tract, occipital lobe
D) optic radiations, optic chiasma, optic nerve, thalamus, optic tract, occipital lobe

Question 25

When the lens accommodates for near vision,the ciliary muscles

A) relax, the suspensory ligaments become loose, and the lens becomes more curved or convex
B) relax, the suspensory ligaments become taut, and the lens becomes flatter
C) contract, the suspensory ligaments become loose, and the lens becomes more curved or convex
D) contract, the suspensory ligaments become taut, and the lens becomes flatter
E) contract, the suspensory ligaments become taut, and the lens becomes more curved or convex

Question 26

Tears are produced by the

A) conjunctiva
B) lacrimal gland
C) lacrimal sac
D) ciliary apparatus

Question 27

In the eye,the first structure that refracts light in the visual pathway is the

A) lens
B) aqueous humor
C) pupil
D) cornea
E) iris

Question 28

In the accommodation reflex for near vision,the pupil

A) constricts and the lens becomes more curved
B) dilates and the lens becomes more curved
C) constricts and the lens becomes flatter
D) dilates and the lens becomes flatter

Question 29

The portion of the middle tunic that regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye is the

A) aqueous humor
B) cornea
C) iris
D) lens
E) choroid

Question 30

Bones that form the orbit of the eye include the

A) nasal, lacrimal, and frontal
B) nasal, zygomatic, and ethmoid
C) nasal, sphenoid, and maxilla
D) lacrimal, frontal, and maxilla
E) vomer, palatine, and frontal

Question 31

The region of the retina where there are no visual receptors is the

A) optic disk
B) macula lutea
C) fovea centralis
D) pupil
E) vitreous body

Question 32

The "white of the eye" is the

A) pupil
B) iris
C) sclera
D) cornea

Question 33

The pathway of light to reach the visual receptors follows the sequence

A) cornea, lens, aqueous humor, pupil, vitreous humor, retina
B) cornea, aqueous humor, pupil, lens, vitreous humor, retina
C) lens, aqueous humor, pupil, cornea, vitreous humor, retina
D) cornea, vitreous humor, pupil, lens, aqueous humor, retina
E) lens, vitreous humor, pupil, cornea, aqueous humor, retina

Question 34

The visual receptors are located in the

A) macula lutea
B) choroid
C) retina
D) lens
E) cornea

Question 35

Having to adjust to a dark room after walking in from a bright area is explained by the fact that

A) rhodopsin does not function in dim light
B) the breakdown of rhodopsin occurs slowly
C) time is needed to regenerate rhodopsin
D) time is needed for the pupil to dilate to let light enter the eye

Question 36

The photoreceptors for color vision are concentrated in the

A) optic chiasma
B) optic disk
C) macula lutea
D) iris

Question 37

The region of the retina that provides the sharpest or most acute vision is the

A) lateral margin of the retina
B) optic disk
C) medial margin of the retina
D) fovea centralis

Question 38

Which of the following does not refract light?

A) pupil
B) lens
C) cornea
D) vitreous humor

Question 39

The photoreceptors for color vision are the

A) rods only
B) cones only
C) both rods and cones
D) neither rods nor cones

Question 40

The anterior transparent portion of the outer fibrous tunic is the

A) pupil
B) iris
C) sclera
D) cornea

Question 41

The visual cortex where visual impulses are interpreted is in the

A) thalamus
B) frontal lobe
C) temporal lobe
D) occipital lobe
E) optic chiasma

Question 42

Auditory impulses are transmitted along cranial nerve _____ and interpreted in the _____ lobe.

A) VII; temporal
B) VIII; parietal
C) VII; parietal
D) VIII; temporal
E) X; temporal

Question 43

The fluid that is outside the membranous labyrinth but inside the bony labyrinth is the

A) perilymph
B) endolymph
C) ceruminous fluid
D) aqueous humor
E) vitreous humor

Question 44

The partition between the outer ear and middle ear is the

A) tympanic membrane
B) external auditory meatus
C) oval window
D) round window
E) stapes

Question 45

The sense organs for dynamic equilibrium

A) are located in the membranous labyrinth of the semicircular canals
B) are called macula
C) detect the position of the head relative to gravity
D) contain otoliths embedded in a gelatinous mass

Question 46

The specific organ that contains the hair cell receptors for hearing is the

A) vestibular membrane
B) organ of Corti
C) tectorial membrane
D) organ of ampullaris
E) macular organ

Question 47

What is the correct sequence of the following events for the initiation of impulses involving static equilibrium?
1)hairs on cells bend
2)force of gravity changes
3)head tilts
4)impulse initiated
5)gelatinous mass and otoliths move
6)head upright and hair cells straight

A) 6, 2, 5, 3, 1, 4
B) 6, 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
C) 6, 3, 2, 5, 1, 4
D) 6, 5, 2, 1, 3, 4
E) 6, 3, 4, 2, 5, 1

Question 48

All of the following are correct about static equilibrium EXCEPT

A) it occurs when the head is motionless or moving in a straight line
B) it is involved in evaluating the position of the head relative to gravity
C) the receptors are located in the utricle and saccule
D) the organ containing the receptors is called the crista ampullaris
E) a gelatinous type of material deforms the hair cells

Question 49

A word that means "pertaining to taste" is

A) olfactory
B) gustatory
C) auditory
D) oculatory
E) iriditory

Question 50

The correct sequence for the transmission of low frequency sound vibrations is

A) stapes, perilymph, basilar membrane, hair cells
B) stapes, perilymph, vestibular membrane, hair cells
C) stapes, endolymph, vestibular membrane, hair cells
D) incus, endolymph, basilar membrane, hair cells
E) incus, perilymph, basilar membrane, hair cells

Question 51

A word that means "surgical repair of the ear" is

A) tympanectomy
B) iridectomy
C) audiology
D) otoplasty
E) keratoplasty

Question 52

An auditory impulse is initiated when the hairs on the hair cells are deformed by contact with the

A) basilar membrane
B) vestibular membrane
C) tectorial membrane
D) endolymph
E) perilymph

Question 53

Pitch is determined by the

A) number of hair cells that are stimulated
B) region of the organ of Corti that is stimulated
C) region of the tectorial membrane that is stimulated
D) amplitude of the sound vibrations
E) amount of movement in the oval window

Question 54

The function of the auditory ossicles is to

A) support the tympanic membrane and oval window
B) dampen or reduce the amplitude of sound waves so the inner ear is not damaged
C) transmit the sound waves from the external ear to the inner ear
D) prevent the leakage of fluids from the inner ear
E) provide structural support for the middle ear

Question 55

The arrangement of the bones in the middle ear is

A) malleus next to the tympanic membrane, stapes in the middle, and incus next to the oval window
B) stapes next to the tympanic membrane, incus in the middle, and malleus next to the oval window
C) stapes next to the tympanic membrane, malleus in the middle, and incus next to the oval window
D) malleus next to the tympanic membrane, incus in the middle, and stapes next to the oval window
E) incus next to the tympanic membrane, stapes in the middle, and malleus next to the oval window

Question 56

The cranial nerve that transmits impulses for static and dynamic equilibrium is cranial nerve

A) VI
B) VII
C) VIII
D) IX
E) X

Question 57

The three regions of the inner ear are the

A) utricle, saccule, and semicircular canals
B) vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea
C) utricle, saccule, and cochlea
D) vestibule, saccule, and cochlea
E) vestibule, utricle, and saccule

Question 58

The receptors for hearing are located in the

A) utricle
B) saccule
C) vestibule
D) semicircular canals
E) cochlea

Question 59

The passageway between the throat and the middle ear is the

A) middle auditory meatus
B) scala tympani
C) auditory or Eustachian tube
D) external auditory meatus
E) helicotrema

Question 60

The hair cell receptors for dynamic equilibrium detect

A) the pull of gravity
B) vibrations of ossicles
C) movement of otoliths
D) movement of endolymph
E) vibrations in the perilymph

Question 61

What is the term for the organ that contains the hair cells for the sense of dynamic equilibrium?

Question 62

What is the term for the receptors that detect tissue damage?

Question 63

What is the term for the fluid in the anterior cavity of the eye?

Question 64

What is the term for the area of the retina where vision is sharpest?

Question 65

What are the portions of the membranous labyrinth that contain the receptors for static equilibrium?

Question 66

What is the term for the refractive component of the eye that adjusts for close vision?

Question 67

What is the term for the type of receptors involved in hearing and equilibrium?

Question 68

What is the term for the region of the inner ear that contains the organ of hearing?

Question 69

What are the three bones in the middle ear cavity?

Question 70

What is the term for the region where some of the optic nerve fibers cross over to the opposite side?

Question 71

What is the term for the structure that rests on the basilar membrane and contains the hair cells for hearing?

Question 72

What is the term for the pigmented portion of the eye that has radial and circular muscles?

Question 73

What is the term for the outermost tunic of the eye in the posterior region?

Question 74

What is the term for the gland that produces tears in the eyes?

Question 75

What are the two special senses that depend on chemoreceptors?