Deck 3: Plato the Divided Line and the Cave

Question 1

According to Plato, the areas below the divided line pertain to our sensations of the visible physical world, which are subject to ...

A) truth and certainty.
B) experimentation and mathematics.
C) permanency and perfection.
D) error and doubt.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

According to Plato, the areas above the divided line are where our minds are capable of understanding the world of ideas, which is the ...

A) eternal and unchanging world.
B) fleeting and changing world.
C) the world of fantasy.
D) the world of physical objects.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

According to Plato, the areas above the divided line are where our minds are capable of understanding the world of ideas, and we are, therefore, able to grasp ...

A) the reality of physical objects.
B) the reality of dreams.
C) truth through reason.
D) truth through experimentation.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Plato writes, "Now, that which imparts truth to the known and the power of knowing to the knower is what I would have you term the ...

A) Idea of Certainty.
B) Idea of Good.
C) Veil of Honesty.
D) Veil of Identity.

Question 5

For Plato, shadows and reflections in water and in solid, smooth, and polished bodies and the like are called ...

A) forms.
B) images.
C) objects.
D) phantasms.

Question 6

According to Plato, the areas above the divided line are referred to as the ...

A) Perceptual World.
B) Categorical World.
C) Participatory World.
D) Conceptual World.

Question 7

According to Plato, the areas below the divided line are referred to as the ...

A) Perceptual World.
B) Categorical World.
C) Participatory World.
D) Conceptual World.

Question 8

According to Plato, reasoning and understanding belong to the ...

A) Perceptual World.
B) Categorical World.
C) Participatory World.
D) Conceptual World.

Question 9

According to Plato, belief and imagination belong to the ...

A) Perceptual World.
B) Categorical World.
C) Participatory World.
D) Conceptual World.

Question 10

According to Plato, knowledge belongs to the ...

A) Perceptual World.
B) Categorical World.
C) Participatory World.
D) Conceptual World.

Question 11

According to Plato, opinion belongs to the ...

A) Perceptual World.
B) Categorical World.
C) Participatory World.
D) Conceptual World.

Question 12

In the Allegory of the Cave, Plato ask us to imagine that the people who are chained can see ...

A) physical objects interacting with them.
B) only shadows cast on a wall.
C) mythical creatures.
D) paintings and statues.

Question 13

In the Allegory of the Cave, Plato tells us that if a prisoner is released, then he will at first think that the ...

A) objects he now sees are identical to those he saw while in the cave.
B) shadows he saw in the cave are truer than the objects outside the cave.
C) all physical objects are three-dimensional.
D) every object of perception changes over time.

Question 14

Plato tells us that the point of the allegory is that the prisoner's journey from inside the cave to the world outside the cave can be interpreted as the ...

A) journey of one human's life from birth to death.
B) myth of the eternal return.
C) ascent of the soul into the intellectual world.
D) truth of pantheism.

Question 15

Plato says that "Our argument shows that the power and capacity of learning exists ..."

A) in the soul already.
B) only in our physical bodies.
C) until we perish.
D) every time we say I know.

Question 16

According to Plato, the areas below the divided line pertain to our sensations of the visible physical world, which are subject to error and doubt.

Question 17

According to Plato, the areas above the divided line are where our minds are capable of understanding the world of ideas, which is the eternal and unchanging world.

Question 18

According to Plato, the areas above the divided line are where our minds are capable of understanding the world of ideas, and we are, therefore, able to grasp truth through experimentation.

Question 19

Plato writes, "Now, that which imparts truth to the known and the power of knowing to the knower is what I would have you term the Veil of Identity."

Question 20

For Plato, shadows and reflections in water and in solid, smooth, and polished bodies and the like are called images.

Question 21

According to Plato, the areas above the divided line are referred to as the Categorical World.

Question 22

According to Plato, the areas below the divided line are referred to as the Participatory World.

Question 23

According to Plato, reasoning and understanding belong to the Conceptual World.

Question 24

According to Plato, belief and imagination belong to the Conceptual World.

Question 25

According to Plato, knowledge belongs to the Conceptual World.

Question 26

According to Plato, opinion belongs to the Conceptual World.

Question 27

In the Allegory of the Cave, Plato ask us to imagine that the people who are chained can see mythical creatures.

Question 28

In the Allegory of the Cave, Plato tells us that if a prisoner is released, then he will at first think that the shadows he saw in the cave are truer than the objects outside the cave.

Question 29

Plato tells us that the point of the allegory is that the prisoner's journey from inside the cave to the world outside the cave can be interpreted as the journey of one human's life from birth to death.

Question 30

Plato says that "Our argument shows that the power and capacity of learning exists in the soul already."

Question 31

Describe in detail what the areas below the divided line contain.

Question 32

Describe in detail what the areas above the divided line contain.

Question 33

According to Plato, how does reason and understanding differ from belief and opinion?

Question 34

According to Plato, why are the areas above the divided line the eternal and unchanging world?

Question 35

According to Plato, why are the areas above the divided line where our minds are capable of understanding the world of ideas, and we are, therefore, able to grasp truth through reason?

Question 36

According to Plato, what is the Idea of Good? Why is it important?

Question 37

Do you agree with Plato's divide line distinctions? Explain your answer.

Question 38

What are some examples of "images" that Plato lists, and how do they relate to physical objects?

Question 39

Describe the Perceptual World in Plato's divided line.

Question 40

Describe the Conceptual World in Plato's divided line.

Question 41

Explain what Plato means by reasoning and understanding.

Question 42

Explain what Plato means by belief and imagination.

Question 43

Describe in detail the world of the prisoners in Plato's Allegory of the Cave.

Question 44

Describe in detail what will happen to the prisoner if he is released into the world outside the cave.

Question 45

Why does Plato say that the released prisoner would have a difficult time convincing the prisoners who are still in the cave about the outside world?

Question 46

What does Plato mean when he says that the point of the allegory is that the prisoner's journey from inside the cave to the world outside the cave can be interpreted as the ascent of the soul into the intellectual world?

Question 47

Aristotle tells us that when we talk about "how the world is what it is" we are in the domain of ...

A) rhetoric.
B) normative ethics.
C) science.
D) anthropology.

Question 48

Aristotle tells us that when we talk about "why the world is as it is" we are in the domain of ...

A) metaphysics.
B) normative ethics.
C) science.
D) anthropology.

Question 49

For Aristotle, metaphysics investigates ...

A) the spiritual realm of existence.
B) first principles and causes.
C) logical relationships between predicates.
D) holistic medicine.

Question 50

For Aristotle, the end of practical knowledge is ...

A) action.
B) becoming.
C) certainty.
D) doubt.

Question 51

Aristotle claims that we do not know a truth without its ...

A) meaning.
B) certainty.
C) relations.
D) cause.

Question 52

Which of the following is not one of Aristotle's "four causes"?

A) substance
B) matter
C) the source of the change
D) mind

Question 53

Aristotle says, "A principle which everyone must have who understands anything that is, is not a hypothesis; and that which every one must know who knows anything. Such a principle is the most certain of all. It is this: That the same attribute cannot at the same time ______ and _________ to the same subject and in the same respect."

A) evolve; devolve
B) belong; not belong
C) determine; adhere
D) create; relate

Question 54

Aristotle criticizes those people who demand that a reason shall be given for everything; in other words, "they seek a reason for things for which no reason can be given; for the starting-point of demonstration is ..."

A) celerity.
B) an enigma.
C) not demonstration.
D) relative to each person.

Question 55

Aristotle claims that the "substance of each thing is that which is peculiar to it, which does not belong to anything else." However, that which is such as to belong to more than one thing (what several things have in common) is called the ...

A) demonstration.
B) universal.
C) reason.
D) creative force.

Question 56

Aristotle tells us that when we talk about "how the world is what it is" we are in the domain of rhetoric.

Question 57

Aristotle tells us that when we talk about "why the world is as it is" we are in the domain of normative ethics.

Question 58

For Aristotle, metaphysics investigates first principles and causes.

Question 59

For Aristotle, the end of practical knowledge is action.

Question 60

Aristotle claims that we do not know a truth without its cause.

Question 61

Aristotle's "four causes" are the following: a. substance, b. matter, c. the source of the change, d. mind.

Question 62

Aristotle says, "A principle which everyone must have who understands anything that is, is not a hypothesis; and that which every one must know who knows anything. Such a principle is the most certain of all. It is this: That the same attribute cannot at the same time belong and not belong to the same subject and in the same respect."

Question 63

Aristotle criticizes those people who demand that a reason shall be given for everything; in other words, "they seek a reason for things for which no reason can be given; for the starting-point of demonstration is not demonstration."

Question 64

Aristotle claims that the "substance of each thing is that which is peculiar to it, which does not belong to anything else." However, that which is such as to belong to more than one thing (what several things have in common) is called the universal.

Question 65

How does Aristotle distinguish science from metaphysics? Why is this important? What kinds of questions do we ask when we do science? What kinds of questions do we ask when we do metaphysics?

Question 66

For Aristotle, what distinguishes theoretical knowledge from practical knowledge? Provide some examples of each.

Question 67

Why does Aristotle claim that we do not know a truth without its cause? Do you agree with Aristotle? Explain your answer.

Question 68

Describe in detail Aristotle's four causes. Do you think that Aristotle has delineated too many causes, or too few? Explain your answer.

Question 69

What does Aristotle mean when he says, "A principle which everyone must have who understands anything that is, is not a hypothesis; and that which every one must know who knows anything. Such a principle is the most certain of all. It is this: That the same attribute cannot at the same time belong and not belong to the same subject and in the same respect"?

Question 70

Why does Aristotle criticize those people who demand that a reason shall be given for everything; in other words, "they seek a reason for things for which no reason can be given; for the starting-point of demonstration is not demonstration"?

Question 71

Explain what Aristotle means by the term "universal." Do you agree with Aristotle's definition and use of the term? Explain your answer.

Question 72

According to Cavendish, there are some objects which are not perceptible by sense perception, yet they are subject to our ...

A) tactile perception.
B) behavioral perception.
C) normative perception.
D) rational perception.

Question 73

Cavendish argues that since sense perception is more likely to be deluded, it cannot be the ground of ...

A) truth.
B) reason.
C) certainty.
D) abstraction.

Question 74

According to Cavendish, every creature has a double perception, ________ and ________, yet each creature does not have an infinite perception.

A) deductive; inductive
B) veridical; transitive
C) rational; sensitive
D) monistic; pluralistic

Question 75

Cavendish warns us that the dangers in the process of human reason can be remedied by ...

A) experimental philosophy.
B) strict deduction from first principles.
C) abstract concepts.
D) faith in God.

Question 76

Cavendish holds that matter is ________ and _______, thus it is impossible that any other new matter should be created.

A) extended; solid
B) tangible; inanimate
C) infinite; eternal
D) irrational; transient

Question 77

Cavendish claims that since figure, motion, and matter are but one thing, and that no particular motion is or can be lost in nature, nor created anew, therefore motion is ...

A) material.
B) immaterial.
C) finite.
D) transitional.

Question 78

According to Cavendish, every part of nature has both ...

A) aptitude and potential.
B) sense and reason.
C) intension and extension.
D) verisimilitude and veracity.

Question 79

According to Cavendish, there are some objects which are not perceptible by sense perception, yet they are subject to our normative perception.

Question 80

Cavendish argues that since sense perception is more likely to be deluded, it cannot be the ground of reason.