Deck 40: Dangerous Pipelines, Dangerous People: Colonial Ecological Violence and Media Framing of Threat in the Dakota Access Pipeline Conflict

Question 1

The goal of ______ was to stop the proposed Dakota Access Pipeline from passing under Lake Oahe.

A) the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
B) the Water Protectors
C) Energy Transfer Partners (ETP)
D) the Pick Sloan Act

Answer 1

B

Question 2

When did the No DAPL conflict first receive widespread media attention?

A) 2012
B) 2014
C) 2016
D) 2019

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In what way was the media coverage of the NO DAPL protest historic?

A) It was centered on Indigenous concerns.
B) It overemphasized disruptive tactics.
C) Issues relating to indigenous people do not usually make national news.
D) It normalized and legitimized police militarization.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

J. M. Bacon argues that media coverage of NO DAPL contributed to colonial ecological violence, specifically through the discussion of ______.

A) security and risk
B) ethnicity and racism
C) government-to-government relations and treaty reserved rights
D) public health

Question 5

Which of the following methods did J. M. Bacon use to conduct the study?

A) questionnaires
B) content analysis
C) interviews
D) participant observation

Question 6

J. M. Bacon created codes for two sub-types of risk, including ______.

A) pipeline risk and protestor risk
B) Indigenous people risk and police risk
C) newspaper risk and TV risk
D) people risk and environment risk

Question 7

In the earliest coverage of NO DAPL, discussions of risk/security centered around which of the following?

A) the Indigenous protestors
B) the police
C) treaty rights
D) the pipeline itself

Question 8

When did the protest-as-risk media framing begin?

A) During the initial regulatory decision rounds
B) After ETP used attack dogs against Water Protectors
C) After the permitting decision and resulting lawsuit
D) In the earliest coverage of NO DAPL

Question 9

After ETP used attack dogs against the Water Protectors, ______ took the opportunity to assert their commitment to pipeline and public safety.

A) the Water Protectors
B) ETP
C) the police
D) the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Question 10

A final shift in framing ultimately portrayed the Water Protectors' protest as ______.

A) peaceful
B) pollution
C) attention-seeking
D) violence

Question 11

What is colonial ecological violence?

Question 12

According to J. M. Bacon, what do analyses of media framing of Indigenous resistance reveal?

Question 13

According to J. M. Bacon's analysis of media coverage of NO DAPL, what were the stages of risk framing that occurred?

Question 14

According to the author, what was the missing discourse during the NO DAPL conflict?

Question 15

What suggestion does the author make at the end of the article to foster a deeper understanding of "counter-frames"?