Question 1

Davis and Moore begin with the proposition that no society is ______.&#10;A) functional&#10;B) unequal&#10;C) moral&#10;D) unstratified

Accepted Answer

Davis and Moore argue that no society is unstratified because every society has some form of social inequality or stratification.

Question 2

Davis and Moore's discussion relates to the ______ of positions in a society.&#10;A) system&#10;B) irrelevance&#10;C) dysfunction&#10;D) consequences

Accepted Answer

Davis and Moore's discussion specifically focuses on the system of positions in a society and how certain positions are more important than others. They argue that certain positions require more training, responsibility, and effort, and therefore should receive higher rewards and social status.

Question 3

Davis and Moore state that a(n) ______ system gives greater importance to the motivation to achieve positions, whereas a(n)______ system gives perhaps greater importance to the motivation to perform the duties of the positions.

A) antiquated; ubiquitous
B) ubiquitous; antiquated
C) noncompetitive; competitive
D) competitive; noncompetitive

D

Accepted Answer

According to Davis and Moore, a competitive system gives greater importance to the motivation to achieve positions, whereas a noncompetitive system gives perhaps greater importance to the motivation to perform the duties of the positions. Therefore, choice D is the best answer.

Question 4

According to Davis and Moore, why does it make a difference who gets into which positions?&#10;A) All positions are equally important to societal survival.&#10;B) The problem of social placement does not truly exist.&#10;C) Some positions are functionally more important than others.&#10;D) It is important to maintain an objective status quo.

Accepted Answer

According to Davis and Moore, some positions are functionally more important than others, which means that it does make a difference who gets into which positions.

Question 5

Davis and Moore assert that ______ give rise to stratification.&#10;A) rewards&#10;B) opportunities&#10;C) functions&#10;D) variants

Accepted Answer

Davis and Moore argue that stratification is necessary and functional because it motivates individuals to fill important positions through a system of rewards. The individuals who occupy these positions receive more rewards, such as money or status, than those who occupy less important positions. Therefore, rewards are seen as a key factor in creating and maintaining stratification.

Question 6

If the rights and perquisites of different positions in a society must be unequal, then the society must be ______.&#10;A) functional&#10;B) stratified&#10;C) dysfunctional&#10;D) individualistic

Accepted Answer

A stratified society is one where there are social hierarchies and different positions are valued differently, resulting in unequal rights and privileges. This is the only option that accurately reflects the scenario described in the question. A functional society implies that everything is working well and efficiently, which may or may not be the case in a stratified society. A dysfunctional society suggests that things are not working well, but does not necessarily imply anything about the presence or absence of social hierarchy. Individualism is a philosophical concept related to the importance of individual freedom and autonomy, but it does not necessarily address issues of social stratification.

Question 7

According to Tumin, who often makes sacrifices when the conversion of talents into skills involves training?&#10;A) society&#10;B) the trainee&#10;C) the teacher&#10;D) parents

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Tumin, who often makes sacrifices...

Question 8

Tumin argues that in every society there is some demonstrable ______ regarding the amount of talent present in the population.&#10;A) celebration&#10;B) objectivity&#10;C) ignorance&#10;D) fortune

Accepted Answer

Tumin argues that in every society there is some demonstrable ignorance regarding the amount of talent present in the population. This means that people in society are not aware of the full range of talents and potential that exist among individuals.

Question 9

Tumin's critical response examines the assumption that inequality in society is ______.&#10;A) ubiquitous and antiquated&#10;B) inevitable and functional&#10;C) moral and perplexing&#10;D) minimal and ineffective

Accepted Answer

Tumin's critical response examines the assumption that inequality in society is inevitable and functional.

Question 10

Tumin outlines eight provisional assertions involving ______.&#10;A) the dysfunction of stratification&#10;B) positive functionality&#10;C) full institutionalization&#10;D) the range of social innovation

Accepted Answer

Tumin's eight provisional assertions involve the dysfunction of stratification, specifically the negative consequences and limitations of social inequality.

Question 11

What are Davis and Moore's two levels of motivation that induce members of a society to perform duties of their positions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are Davis and Moore's two levels...

Question 12

Briefly explain the kinds of rewards that a society has at its disposal, as outlined by Davis and Moore.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain the kinds of rewards that...

Question 13

Davis and Moore assert that certain positions convey the best rewards and have the highest rank. Briefly describe these positions and provide one example of a position that meets these criteria.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Davis and Moore assert that certain positions...

Question 14

Discuss one of Tumin's hypotheses mentioned in his critical response.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss one of Tumin's hypotheses mentioned in...

Question 15

According to Tumin, which two terms mark social inequality in human society?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Tumin, which two terms mark...

Deck 23: Some Principles of Stratification