Question 1

All of the following terms describe functionalism except ______.&#10;A) value-free&#10;B) subjective&#10;C) objectively real&#10;D) positivistic

Accepted Answer

Functionalism is characterized by objectivity, a focus on objectively real phenomena and positivistic methods, and value-free analysis. Subjectivity is not a characteristic of functionalism.

Question 2

Functionalism is to ______ as symbolic interactionism is to ______.&#10;A) Durkheim; Weber&#10;B) Weber; Marx&#10;C) Mead: Marx&#10;D) Marx; Durkheim

Accepted Answer

Functionalism is associated with Emile Durkheim, while symbolic interactionism is associated with Max Weber. Therefore, the correct choice is A, where Durkheim is paired with functionalism and Weber is paired with symbolic interactionism.

Question 3

Which of the following is a criticism of functional theories?&#10;A) They are manifest.&#10;B) They are interactionist.&#10;C) They are latent.&#10;D) They are teleological.

Accepted Answer

Functional theories are criticized for being teleological, which means they imply that social structures and phenomena exist because they serve a particular purpose or function. This can lead to oversimplified and deterministic views of society, failing to account for the complexity and ambiguity of human social behaviors and institutions.

Question 4

For Marx, the central institution of capitalist society is ______.&#10;A) private property&#10;B) oppression&#10;C) human labor&#10;D) materialism

Accepted Answer

Marx believed that private ownership of the means of production is the basis of capitalist society and creates a division between the owners of capital and the workers who sell their labor for wages. Private property allows those who own it to accumulate wealth and power, while exploiting those who do not. Therefore, private property is considered the central institution of capitalism by Marx.

Question 5

According to the author, Marx was essentially a(n) ______.&#10;A) cynic&#10;B) pessimist&#10;C) feudalist&#10;D) optimist

Accepted Answer

Marx was essentially an optimist because he believed in the eventual triumph of the proletariat and the establishment of a classless society, which he saw as a positive and inevitable outcome of historical development.

Question 6

Which of the following is an informal social control mechanism?&#10;A) school&#10;B) prison&#10;C) hospital&#10;D) gossip

Accepted Answer

Gossip is an informal social control mechanism because it is an unwritten and unofficial way of enforcing social norms and rules by spreading information and opinions about someone's behavior. It is not an official institution like schools, prisons or hospitals, which are formal social control mechanisms.

Question 7

Interactionism is based on the image of ______.&#10;A) society&#10;B) power&#10;C) humans&#10;D) conflict

Accepted Answer

Interactionism is based on the image of humans, focusing on how individuals interact with one another and how their actions, meanings, and symbols shape society. It emphasizes the importance of subjective experience and interpretation in social interactions, and views society as a product of human interactions. Power and conflict are important concepts in sociology but are not specific to interactionism.

Question 8

Which type of theorists would be most likely to use interviews in their research?&#10;A) functionalists&#10;B) interactionists&#10;C) feminists&#10;D) conflict theorists

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

The bulk of Marx's writing is concerned with applying the materialistic model of society to ______.&#10;A) feudalism&#10;B) determinism&#10;C) socialism&#10;D) capitalism

Accepted Answer

Marx's analysis of society and his critique of capitalism form the bulk of his writing. He believed that capitalism was characterized by systemic exploitation and alienation of the working class, and that it would ultimately collapse and be replaced by socialism.

Question 10

Exchange theory is associated with ______.&#10;A) rational choice theory&#10;B) conflict theory&#10;C) functionalism&#10;D) interactionism

Accepted Answer

Exchange theory is based on the idea that individuals make rational choices to maximize rewards and minimize costs in social and economic interactions. This is closely related to rational choice theory, which assumes that individuals weigh the costs and benefits of different options before making decisions.

Question 11

How is social equilibrium achieved in social systems?

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

Identify the twin emphases of functionalism.

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

Who coined the term &#34;symbolic interactionism&#34;?

Accepted Answer

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Question 14

Describe one limitation of early feminism.

Accepted Answer

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Question 15

Choose one theory described in the reading and discuss its focus and value to the sociological perspective.

Accepted Answer

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Deck 4: Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology