Question 1

A patient receiving L-DOPA would not be expected to show _____________.&#10;A)dry mouth and skin&#10;B)nightmares&#10;C)hallucinations&#10;D)paranoia

Accepted Answer

Sweating has been observed.

Question 2

Which of the following drugs is not an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor?&#10;A)Donepezil&#10;B)Galantamine&#10;C)Rivastigmine&#10;D)Memantine

Accepted Answer

Memantine is not an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Instead, it works by blocking the NMDA receptor, which plays a role in regulating glutamate activity in the brain. This is a different mechanism of action than acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, which work by preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine and increasing its concentration in the brain. Donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine are all acetylcholinesterase inhibitors commonly used to treat Alzheimer's disease.

Question 3

Parkinsonism has been observed as a side effect for which of the following drug groups?&#10;A)Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors&#10;B)Monoamine oxidase inhibitors&#10;C)Tricyclic antidepressants&#10;D)Antipsychotic medications (major tranquilizers)

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic drugs block dopamine receptors but can reduce dopamine activity enough to cause Parkinson's symptoms.

Question 4

It is assumed that in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease there exists an imbalance between the _____________.&#10;A)serotonin and norepinephrine systems&#10;B)acetylcholine and dopamine systems&#10;C)glutamine and GABA systems&#10;D)endorphin and enkephalin systems

Accepted Answer

It is thought the acetylcholine system is more active than the dopamine system.

Question 5

Alzheimer's disease or AD is characterized by plaques and tangles as well as a marked loss of _____________.&#10;A)cholinergic receptors&#10;B)melatonin receptors&#10;C)enkephalin receptors&#10;D)norepinephrine receptors

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's disease is associated with a significant loss of cholinergic receptors, which are responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses involving acetylcholine. This deficit in the cholinergic system leads to cognitive and behavioral deficits. The other options - melatonin, enkephalin, and norepinephrine receptors - are not specifically associated with Alzheimer's disease.

Question 6

Glatiramar _____________.&#10;A)is a mixture of carbohydrates with lipids resembling myelin&#10;B)prevents the autoimmune response but is not antiinflammatory&#10;C)is more efficacious but also more toxic than the interferons&#10;D)acts as a myelin decoy

Accepted Answer

It is a mixture of proteins resembling myelin basic protein.It reduces both the autoimmune system and inflammation.It seems to be equally effective but does not cause the flu-like signs.

Question 7

Anticholinergics _____________.&#10;A)are most effective in reducing tremors&#10;B)cause sweating, diarrhea and bradycardia&#10;C)are used in severe forms of PD with prominent bradydyskinesia&#10;D)include rasagiline and tocapone

Accepted Answer

They cause dry mouth,tachycardia,constipation and urinary retention.They are used in the mild form with prominent tremors.Rasagiline is a MAOB and tocapone a COMT inhibitor.

Question 8

Drugs used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease try to _____________.&#10;A)increase dopamine and decrease acetylcholine actions&#10;B)block actions of both dopamine and acetylcholine&#10;C)increase actions of both dopamine and acetylcholine&#10;D)only block the action of dopamine without affecting acetylcholine

Accepted Answer

Drugs used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease aim to increase dopamine levels in the brain and decrease the actions of acetylcholine. This is because Parkinson's disease is characterized by a degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, leading to a relative excess of acetylcholine activity. By increasing dopamine levels and reducing acetylcholine activity, the symptoms of Parkinson's disease can be alleviated to some extent.

Question 9

Modafinil _____________.&#10;A)reduces inflammation by suppression of T cells&#10;B)is antispastic but causes severe fatigue&#10;C)is associated with anorexia&#10;D)increases wakefulness and alertness

Accepted Answer

All the other statements are wrong.

Question 10

Mitoxantrone _____________.&#10;A)interferes with RNA action&#10;B)can cause renal and pulmonary problems&#10;C)has been shown to have antimicrobial actions&#10;D)is approved for use in MS and also as an anti-cancer drug

Accepted Answer

It is a DNA reactive agent.Significant adverse reactions include myelosuppression,leukemia,and cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity.It increases the risk of infections.

Question 11

Interferon therapy _____________.&#10;A)causes flu-like signs and symptoms&#10;B)reduces autoimmune but not inflammatory processes&#10;C)should only be started as a last resort therapy&#10;D)includes interferon delta 1a and delta 1b

Accepted Answer

The answer of Interferon therapy _____________.&#10;A)causes flu-like signs and symptoms&#10;B)reduces...

Question 12

Which one the following combinations is mismatched?&#10;A)Bromocriptine - stimulation of dopamine receptors&#10;B)Selegiline - inhibition of MAO-B&#10;C)Entacapone - inhibition of COMT&#10;D)Amantadine - stimulation of dopamine synthesis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which one the following combinations is mismatched?&#10;A)Bromocriptine...

Question 13

Which one of the following causes does not seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis?&#10;A)Autoimmune/inflammatory processes involving T cell activities&#10;B)Selective destruction of myelin sheet&#10;C)Increased glutamate release&#10;D)Selective destruction of axons

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which one of the following causes does...

Question 14

The &#34;OFF&#34; phase of the &#34;Off-On&#34; syndrome can be hopefully avoided if the therapist schedules treatment _____________.&#10;A)just before the next dose is to be taken&#10;B)10 min after the drug is taken&#10;C)1 hr after the drug is taken&#10;D)4 hrs after the drug is taken

Accepted Answer

The answer of The &#34;OFF&#34; phase of the &#34;Off-On&#34; syndrome...

Question 15

Which one of the long-term adverse reactions has not been or only rarely been observed?&#10;A)&#34;On-off&#34; syndrome&#10;B)Dyskinesias&#10;C)Decreased effectiveness of L-DOPA&#10;D)Allergy and anaphylactic reactions

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which one of the long-term adverse reactions...

Question 16

It is assumed that part of the pathology of Parkinson's disease involves _____________.&#10;A)excessive growth of cholinergic neurons in the motor cortex&#10;B)death of cholinergic neurons in the basal ganglia&#10;C)excessive growth of dopamine neurons in the motor cortex&#10;D)death of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is assumed that part of the...

Question 17

Oral L-DOPA _____________.&#10;A)is converted selectively in the brain to dopamine&#10;B)is somewhat less effective than oral dopamine&#10;C)and its absorption is enhanced by carbidopa&#10;D)improves most disease signs except it benefits tremors the least

Accepted Answer

The answer of Oral L-DOPA _____________.&#10;A)is converted selectively in the...

Question 18

Memantine _____________.&#10;A)is a cholinergic agonist&#10;B)shows both high efficacy and toxicity&#10;C)is often combined with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors&#10;D)All of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Memantine _____________.&#10;A)is a cholinergic agonist&#10;B)shows both high...

Question 19

Which of the following is designed to bridge the gap between NSAIDs and DMARDs?&#10;A)Corticosteroid&#10;B)Interferons&#10;C)Glatiramer&#10;D)Methotrexate

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is designed to...

Question 20

Which of the following adverse reactions might be experienced by a patient treated with an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor?&#10;A)Diarrhea&#10;B)Tremors&#10;C)Tachycardia&#10;D)Fever

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following adverse reactions might...

Deck 17: Pharmacologic Management of Degenerative Neurologic Disorders