Question 1

The 1840 World Antislavery Conference in London and the 1848 Seneca Falls, New York Convention on women's rights were inspired by&#10;A) Marx's Communist Manifesto&#10;B) Enlightenment ideals of freedom & equality&#10;C) the benefits of industrialization&#10;D) Malthus' Essay on Population.

Accepted Answer

The 1840 World Antislavery Conference and the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention were both inspired by Enlightenment ideals of freedom and equality, particularly the idea that all humans are created equal and should have access to certain basic rights. The conference and convention were both organized by individuals and groups who were seeking to advance the cause of equality and social justice, and they helped to lay the groundwork for broader movements for reform and social change. Marx's Communist Manifesto was not published until 1848, and while the benefits of industrialization may have played a role in inspiring these movements, they were not the primary influences. Similarly, Malthus' Essay on Population had limited influence on the movements for antislavery and women's rights.

Question 2

The idea of &#34;modernity&#34; presented at world's fairs included messages about:&#10;I) prosperity&#10;II) efficiency&#10;III) progress&#10;A) I and II.&#10;B) II and III.&#10;C) I and III.&#10;D) I, II and III.

Accepted Answer

The idea of "modernity" presented at world's fairs included messages about prosperity, efficiency, and progress. These three ideas were intertwined and formed the overall image of modernity that was presented to the visitors of the fairs. The fairs showcased the latest technological advancements and their potential to improve people's lives, increase productivity, and drive economic growth. Thus, the answer is D, which includes all three choices.

Question 3

Marx believed that the most important factor in individual identity was:&#10;A) religion.&#10;B) nationality&#10;C) race&#10;D) economic class

Accepted Answer

Marx's theory emphasized that economic class was the primary determinant of individual identity and social relations. He viewed society as being divided into different economic classes, with the owning class (bourgeoisie) exploiting the working class (proletariat). This exploitation occurred because the bourgeoisie controlled the means of production and therefore determined the conditions of work and wages. Marx believed that the working class would eventually overthrow the bourgeoisie and establish a classless society. This class struggle played a central role in Marx's theory of social change.

Question 4

Which of the following is true of Great Britain in the nineteen century?
I) It experienced labor violence.
II) Parliament expanded the number of voters.
III) It experienced a communist revolt.
IV) It fought wars in China and India.

A) I and II only
B) II and III
C) I, II and III
D) I, II and IV

Accepted Answer

Great Britain in the 19th century did experience labor violence and Parliament expanded the number of voters through reforms such as the Reform Act of 1832. There was no communist revolt in Great Britain during this time, but it did engage in wars in China (Opium Wars) and India (such as the Anglo-Sikh Wars).

Question 5

The consolidation of ________________ as nation-states in the second half of the nineteenth century threw off Europe's balance of power?&#10;A) Britain and Ireland&#10;B) Germany and Italy&#10;C) Russia and Turkey&#10;D) Italy and Hungary

Accepted Answer

The consolidation of Germany and Italy as nation-states in the second half of the nineteenth century upset the balance of power in Europe. Before their unification, there were several smaller states in the region, and their consolidation meant that two large and powerful nations were created. This led to a shift in the balance of power in Europe and contributed to the tensions that eventually led to World War I.

Question 6

Reformers such as Guillermo Prieto of Mexico (1818-1897) and Domingo Sarmiento of Argentina (1811-1888) believed in:&#10;A) international communism as the key to the future..&#10;B) liberalism as the key to national progress.&#10;C) state socialism as a remedy to inequality.&#10;D) maintaining a separate judicial system for indigenous peoples.

Accepted Answer

Guillermo Prieto of Mexico and Domingo Sarmiento of Argentina were both liberals who believed in individual freedoms, democracy, and free-market capitalism as the keys to national progress. They advocated for reform in education, women's rights, and indigenous rights within a liberal framework of government. They did not espouse international communism or state socialism, nor did they advocate for maintaining a separate judicial system for indigenous peoples.

Question 7

By the end of the 19th century, countries like Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina:&#10;A) had become major exporters of steel.&#10;B) remained isolated from the global economy due to lack of demand for their products.&#10;C) were losing population to European countries.&#10;D) provided foodstuffs and raw materials to the world's industrial economies.

Accepted Answer

By the end of the 19th century, countries like Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina had developed economies based on the export of foodstuffs and raw materials, such as coffee, rubber, beef, and wheat, to the industrialized countries of Europe and North America. This made them major suppliers of the raw materials necessary for industrialization to other regions of the world.

Question 8

Most historians who study the history of indentured servants from Asia in the nineteenth century agree that the phenomenon:&#10;A) had little impact on global labor markets.&#10;B) declined after the abolition of the international slave trade.&#10;C) shared some characteristics with slavery.&#10;D) was more important in manufacturing than in agriculture.

Accepted Answer

Most historians agree that the system of indentured servitude from Asia in the nineteenth century had some characteristics that were similar to those of slavery. Although these individuals were technically not considered slaves, they still faced significant restrictions on their freedom and were often exploited by employers. The system was also shaped by racial attitudes and hierarchies, which reflected the legacy of slavery and colonialism.

Question 9

World's fairs were events where:&#10;A) nations displayed their latest inventions and products to promote trade.&#10;B) statesmen met to discuss increasing the fairness of colonial administration.&#10;C) the fundamental equality of all humans was readily on display.&#10;D) world leaders met to tackle global health issues.

Accepted Answer

World's fairs were primarily focused on promoting trade between nations and showcasing the latest inventions and products from participating countries. Many countries viewed world's fairs as an opportunity to increase their global influence and improve their economies through trade.

Question 10

The British Corn Laws were designed to&#10;A) increase the flow of maize to Ireland during the potato famine.&#10;B) increase trade with the USA by exchanging corn imports for cotton exports.&#10;C) help British landowners maintain profits by restricting grain imports.&#10;D) deny food to European rivals during the Napoleonic wars.

Accepted Answer

The British Corn Laws were meant to protect British landowners' profits by limiting grain imports and keeping prices high. The laws were passed in 1815 in response to falling grain prices after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. The restrictions made it harder for the British people to access cheaper grain from overseas, leading to higher bread prices and food shortages.

Question 11

The Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire included all of the following EXCEPT:&#10;A) creation of a stock market.&#10;B) infrastructure improvements such as railroad and telegraph lines.&#10;C) implementing universal suffrage.&#10;D) creation of a central banking system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire...

Question 12

During the second half of the nineteenth century the United States of America experienced all of the following EXCEPT:&#10;A) infrastructure improvements such as transcontinental railroads.&#10;B) the abolition of slavery.&#10;C) extension of voting rights to African-American men.&#10;D) extension of voting rights to women.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the second half of the nineteenth...

Question 13

Latin American republics in the late nineteenth century may be described as &#34;oligarchic&#34; because:&#10;A) indigenous oligarchies controlled significant resources.&#10;B) abundant petroleum resources led to creation of distribution oligopolies .&#10;C) slavery persisted in the region until the twentieth century.&#10;D) corruption, fraud, and coercion limited political power to small groups of elites.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Latin American republics in the late nineteenth...

Question 14

Which of the following best describes Japan's history in the nineteenth century?&#10;A) The Japanese government attempted to blend western modernization with Japanese institutions.&#10;B) Japan accepted the establishment of colonial outposts of European countries and the United States on its soil.&#10;C) Russia gained a monopoly on the use of Japanese ports as military bases.&#10;D) China conquered Japan in retaliation for Japan's attack on Korea.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following best describes Japan's...

Question 15

An international conference was held in Washington, DC, in 1884 for the purpose of:&#10;A) acknowledging territorial concessions won by the United States during a war with Mexico.&#10;B) negotiating a trade agreement with Japan and China following Commodore Matthew Perry's visits.&#10;C) establishing a standardized international system of time keeping.&#10;D) ending the international slave trade.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An international conference was held in Washington,...

Question 16

Conditions in England during the industrial revolution led workers to:&#10;A) reject nationalism.&#10;B) migrate by the millions to South Asia.&#10;C) stage a Marxist Revolution.&#10;D) agitate for expansion of the suffrage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Conditions in England during the industrial revolution...

Question 17

During the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese government:&#10;A) closed Japanese ports to western trade&#10;B) created a conscription law to modernize the army&#10;C) closed Tokyo University&#10;D) made new concessions to Japan's ancient samurai class

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese government:&#10;A)...

Question 18

The world's fairs in Philadelphia (1876) and Paris (1889):&#10;A) failed to attract media attention.&#10;B) served as centennial celebrations for revolutions against monarchy.&#10;C) prohibited overt expressions of nationalism.&#10;D) were boycotted by England.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The world's fairs in Philadelphia (1876) and...

Question 19

The abolition of slavery in the Western hemisphere coincided with:&#10;A) an increase in migration of indentured laborers from China, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific islands.&#10;B) the industrialization of Africa.&#10;C) rising wages for the hemisphere's indigenous workers.&#10;D) automation of sugar cane harvesting.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The abolition of slavery in the Western...

Question 20

One of the major characteristics of the Second Industrial Revolution was:&#10;A) the growing use of solar power in industry.&#10;B) a decrease in agricultural productivity.&#10;C) a movement of population from urban to rural areas.&#10;D) the growth in number and variety of goods available for personal consumption.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the major characteristics of the...

Question 21

Compare the processes of modernization in Italy, Germany and Japan. How did these events threaten the status quo?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare the processes of modernization in Italy,...

Question 22

Define the key characteristics of the Second Industrial Revolution. What were the most important impacts of this phenomenon on human populations and the notion of modern statehood?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the key characteristics of the Second...

Question 23

How did events and trends during this era alter the relationship between citizens and states in different parts of the world?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How did events and trends during this...

Deck 8: Modernity Organized: 1840-1889