Deck 14: Health Communication

Question 1

In the healthcare world, adverse events are ____________.

A) unintended injuries or suffering caused by healthcare mismanagement
B) a patient's excessive suffering beyond the doctor's ability to control
C) natural disasters that cause health problems
D) mysterious events outside a doctor's field of knowledge
E) very rare

Answer 1

A

Question 2

__________ occur when physicians and patients interact virtually instead of face-to-face?

A) E-check ups
B) E-valuations
C) Cyber-checks
D) E-visits
E) Digital discussions

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Your brother-in-law is sick in bed, so you make trips to the pharmacy for him and help him bathe himself, offering ________.

A) an intervention
B) nurturing support
C) action-facilitating support
D) support grouping
E) familial support

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Your brother-in-law is sick in bed and getting pretty depressed about it, so you give him daily pep talks on how much better things will be when he's back on his feet, offering ________.

A) an intervention
B) nurturing support
C) action-facilitating support
D) support grouping
E) familial support

Question 5

America's leading cause of avoidable surgical errors is ___________.

A) communication breakdown
B) adverse events
C) lack of training
D) the nocebo effect
E) incompetent surgeons

Question 6

Of the following health issues, which causes the greatest number of deaths?

A) AIDS
B) Breast cancer
C) Wind turbine syndrome
D) Shingles
E) Adverse events

Question 7

One advantage on online support groups is that they allow, ____________; that is, resources and information can be digitally stored and saved, making them accessible to all involved at any time.

A) instant messaging
B) fluid information exchange
C) the use of video chat
D) instant prescription writing
E) easy data storage

Question 8

_____ are people who compulsively search online for information about real or imagined symptoms of illness.

A) Cyber-enthusiasts
B) Cyber doctors
C) Cyberchondriacs
D) Web MDs
E) Digital doctors

Question 9

_________ is the delivery of health services via Internet video.

A) Telemedicine
B) Virtual Doctoring
C) Videohealth
D) Cyber service
E) Skype service

Question 10

To ensure good health communication, most states' Medicaid offices prepare their health-care materials at the ________ level of reading comprehension.

A) 1st-2nd grade
B) 3rd grade
C) 4th-6th grade
D) 7th-9th grade
E) high school

Question 11

Your doctor is quite brusque; you're in and out of her office in three minutes. The talk at visits sound something like, "This is good, this is bad, this needs fixing, this is what you have to do, see you next time. Next!" You and your physician have _______ relationship.

A) a machine-and-mechanics
B) a child-parent
C) an action-facilitating
D) a nurturing
E) a peripheral

Question 12

Your sister's doctor is quite sweet, but a bit condescending. Office visits don't take very long and they're full of head and knee patting that tells your sister to stay quiet, know her place, and do what the doctor says. She and her physician have _______ relationship.

A) a machine-and-mechanics
B) a child-parent
C) an action-facilitating
D) a nurturing
E) a peripheral

Question 13

The Department of Health and Human Services' Healthy People 2020 set 13 health communication objectives divided into four broad areas: improved provider-patient communication, improved communication between friends, family, and others, improved use of the Internet and other digital communication technologies, and improved ________.

A) pricing and delivery of information relating to prescription drugs
B) physician-staff communication
C) performance of health campaigns designed to promote good health and increase awareness of disease
D) web access to official Department of Health and Human Services databases
E) Internet access for all to aid in self-diagnosis and treatment

Question 14

Your doctor says your Mom suffered a myocardial infarction; why couldn't she just say she had a heart attack? She's a good doctor, but in cases like this, she uses too much __________.

A) technical jargon
B) semantic jargon
C) magisterial communication
D) communicable disease talk
E) scare talk

Question 15

Power distance between providers and clients _____________.

A) often improves their communication
B) is rarely felt between a doctor and a patient
C) often results in reluctance by the patient to talk openly with the doctor
D) often results in patients' willingness to talk openly with the doctor
E) is increasing in today's world of health care

Question 16

Over the past few years, the time doctors spend with their patients has ________.

A) Increased
B) decreased
C) stayed the same
D) been overwhelmed by too much data
E) been hampered by too little data

Question 17

Early exposure to _________has been linked to diabetes, obesity, poor school performance, and sedentary behavior.

A) wind turbines
B) adverse events
C) television
D) over-the-counter cold remedies
E) school meals

Question 18

The Sorry Works Coalition calls for _________ in the case of a medical error.

A) admittance of guilt
B) defending the physician's actions
C) immediate intervention by outside regulators
D) immediate intervention by outside investigators
E) patients getting lawyers if there is a problem

Question 19

Among the advantages of face-to-face support groups is __________.

A) ease of scheduling
B) access to nonverbal support
C) members have constant access to other members when needed
D) there are few opportunities for informal social time
E) assurance of anonymity

Question 20

Richie had never before experienced pain when getting his shots. But this time, when he went to the doctor's office, the new nurse told him it would feel like a bee sting and he howled with pain when the needle pricked his skin. Poor Richie is experiencing ______.

A) the nocebo effect
B) the placebo effect
C) falsified language tactics
D) communicated infractions
E) an adverse effect

Question 21

Kaiser's Four Habits model includes the requirement to______________.

A) demonstrate the power of persuasion
B) clearly establish the power-distance relationship up front
C) talk to family and friends for a clearer picture of the illness
D) elicit the patient's perspective
E) be prepared to say "Sorry"

Question 22

Liam needed to have surgery to reconstruct the airways of his nose, but his face is now paralyzed after the surgeon hit a nerve. This is an example of ___________.

A) the nocebo effect
B) amenable mortality
C) patient activation
D) dyspepsia
E) an adverse event

Question 23

The single largest cause of medical error is ___________and communication breakdown occurs.

A) when clients fail to understand their doctors' instructions
B) when medical instructions are written at too high a level of reading comprehension
C) when a patient is passed off between medical staff members
D) when friends and family offer information contrary to that provided by the doctor
E) when dyspepsia is ignored by hospital staff

Question 24

One idea for making provider-client interactions more effective is to boost health care providers' _______, their ability to acknowledge, absorb, interpret, and act on the stories and plights told to them by their clients.

A) nonverbal immediacy
B) listening ability
C) narrative competence
D) interpersonal competence
E) face-to-face competence

Question 25

Whenever Marcie feels the slightest pain she searches the Internet for hours trying to identify the disease that is plaguing her. She once mistook a headache for a brain tumor because Dr. Google told her so. Marcie is a __________.

A) Cyberchondriac
B) recividist
C) safe-surfer
D) digital diagnose
E) digital doctor

Question 26

The Centers for Disease Control created the ___________________ program in order to ensure the accuracy of health information used in television programs and films and to help with their health-related plotlines.

A) Health & Media Accuracy
B) TV Education
C) The More You Know
D) Hollywood, Health & Society
E) Media & Medicine

Question 27

Hannah watches a TV show called Model Material in which young women who wear a size 2 and under are critiqued and then compete to be the next top model in the country. This show can be considered a _________

A) public health program
B) source of useful health advice
C) thinness depicting and promoting program
D) direct-to-consumer-advertising program
E) piece of health communication content

Question 28

____________ die sooner and experience higher rates of disease and injury than people living in any other high-income country.

A) Europeans
B) South Americans
C) Canadians
D) Americans
E) Italians

Question 29

The United States has a higher rate of _____________, deaths that could potentially have been prevented by timely access to appropriate health care, than many other wealthy nations like France, Germany, and Great Britain.

A) amenable mortality
B) adverse events
C) cyberchrondria
D) recrudescence
E) dyspepsia

Question 30

The process of using engaging media stories to immerse viewers into their plots, have them perceived as realistic, and encourage those viewers to identify with characters to produce beneficial health attitudes and behaviors is ___________ theory.

A) social cognitive
B) narrative persuasion
C) cultivation
D) elaboration likelihood
E) normative

Question 31

Professionals at all levels of the health care system are working to grant patients greater involvement in and control over their health and well-being services and practices, hoping to boost ___________.

A) nurturing support
B) action-facilitating support
C) the placebo effect
D) patient activation
E) the speed of health-care delivery

Question 32

A _________ spells out specific treatment instructions for end-of-life care and becomes a formal part of a patient's medical record.

A) Doctor's Directive at Death
B) Primary Care in Time of Crisis Directive
C) Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment
D) Living Testament of Lifesaving
E) Patient's Personal Protection Plan

Question 33

The definition of family in contemporary health care practice is __________.

A) biologically related individuals
B) individuals related either by biology or marriage
C) those with direct financial interest in the patient's care
D) whomever the patient wants to include as family
E) defined by the relevant state and local ordinances

Question 34

The two major factors contributing to poor hospital staff communication are the deference nurses and other staff typically pay to surgeons and _____________

A) the complexity of many routine hospital activities
B) the exceedingly rapid rate at which most hospital functions must be carried out
C) poor training of lower-level technical personnel
D) time lost to conforming to onerous government regulations
E) time and money pressures inherent in for-profit hospitals

Question 35

Wind turbine syndrome is an example of a ___________, an imagined disease that spreads because people talk about it.

A) cyberchrondria
B) communicable disease
C) communicated disease
D) nocebo
E) placebo

Question 36

Health communication campaigns such as the anti-smoking I Learned It by Watching You! and Friends Don't Let Friends Drive Drunk generally have one of two goals, to raise awareness of important health issues and to _______________.

A) help reduce health-care costs by encouraging self-diagnosis
B) change individuals' health behaviors and attitudes
C) meet minimum government standards of health information
D) fulfill broadcasters' licensing obligations
E) help encourage greater interaction between providers and now-informed patients

Question 37

The premise of the ________is that there are features of entertainment media that facilitate involvement with characters that can lead to story-consistent attitudes and behaviors by overcoming various forms of resistance to health advice.

A) entertainment overcoming resistance model
B) Four Habits theory
C) social cognitive theory
D) elaboration likelihood model
E) you see/you do theory

Question 38

The Health Belief Model argues that there are six main perceptions influencing people's decisions about whether to take action to prevent, screen for, and control illness. Among them is their perception of __________.

A) the cost of taking action
B) their susceptibility to the condition
C) the availability of family and friend support
D) the Internet's support of their self-diagnosis
E) the level of their doctor's support

Question 39

You have seen all the posters around campus telling you to eat healthier. You know you should and you know that there is a tendency toward high blood pressure in your family, so a good diet is a smart choice. But you just can't adopt the kind of diet this campaign suggests because it's tough to eat well on a student's lowly income. The Health Belief Model would argue that you failed to adopt the healthy behavior because of your perception of ____________.

A) your susceptibility to the illness
B) the barriers to action
C) a lack of an external cue to action
D) your ability to garner support from friends
E) the level of their doctor's support

Question 40

You have seen all the posters around campus telling you to eat healthier but they just don't move you to action. Yes, you are aware that there is a tendency toward high blood pressure in your family, but you are in good health and get plenty of exercise so you'll be OK. The Health Belief Model would argue that you failed to adopt the healthy behavior because of your perception of ____________.

A) your susceptibility to the illness
B) the barriers to action
C) a lack of an external cue to action
D) your ability to successfully perform the action
E) the level of their doctor's support

Question 41

The E in SPEAK UP, the national campaign urging patients to become more active in their interactions with medical professionals, stands for _________.

A) get Energized
B) seek Expertise
C) Educate yourself
D) Erase doubt
E) Ease into conversation

Question 42

The entertainment overcoming resistance model argues that viewers become deeply engaged in health-oriented storylines rather than in their immediate environments and experience vicarious cognitive and emotional responses to the narrative as it unfolds. This phenomenon is called _________.

A) involvement
B) immersion
C) suspension of disbelief
D) the health window
E) seeing is believing

Question 43

Yes, direct-to-consumer prescription drug advertising may inform patients, but, say its critics, __________________.

A) only for the financial benefit of the drug manufacturers
B) it reduces the stigma of certain diseases
C) it encourages patient compliance
D) it empowers patients
E) does not do so adequately

Question 44

Narrative persuasion theory asserts that people are transported into media stories, focusing their attention and mental processing on what's happening on the screen before them. Because they see ________ between themselves and the characters and therefore develop ______ with them they are less likely to become aware of any possible persuasive attempts embedded in the story.

A) similarity/empathy
B) differences/empathy
C) similarity/suspicion
D) an attachment/empathy
E) an attachment/suspicion

Question 45

Even though the United States spends more on health care than any other nation in the world, _______________.

A) American hospitals are less profitable than those in other countries
B) Americans die sooner than people living in other high-income countries
C) that amount still accounts for less than $5,000 per person
D) its citizens are still susceptible to communicated diseases
E) its citizens are more health-literate than those of any other country

Question 46

Health and communication researchers have demonstrated that Americans' unhealthy behaviors can be modified through ___________ and larger, mass-mediated public health efforts.

A) targeted government intervention
B) better health literacy in the early school years
C) effective interpersonal communication
D) better nurse-surgeon interaction
E) more health literacy

Question 47

Among the problems that accompany the many benefits of using the Internet for information about health are the loss of privacy, misinformation, and ________.

A) disruption of the traditional power balance between providers and their clients
B) loss of income for traditional providers, forcing scale backs in service
C) the spread of communicable diseases
D) the nocebo effect
E) a rise in the frequency of dyspepsia

Question 48

Doctors' use of highly technical jargon, even though it is often inappropriate for talking with patients, becomes their natural language because _________.

A) it helps maintain the traditional doctor-patient power distance
B) it reinforces their position as all-knowing
C) it is reinforced through interaction with other health-care professionals
D) why else would they have gone to medical school
E) an important part of doing any job is playing the role

Question 49

Identify and describe the four "habits" proscribed by Kaiser Permanente's Four Habits model. What health communication problem are they designed to combat?

Question 50

Considering provider-patient interpersonal communication, differentiate between the machine-and-mechanics relationship and the child-parent relationship. Give an example of each.

Question 51

Mass media play a role in the realities we see. This is certainly true in television and film's portrayal of the health profession. How do the media typically represent the health profession? Do they present an accurate picture? If they don't, what is ignored or left out?

Question 52

One of the factors interfering with successful provider-patient interpersonal communication is fear of malpractice law suits. Is this fear misplaced, and if it is not, what are some proposed strategies for overcoming this impediment to successful meaning making?

Question 53

Despite the Internet's many advantages for improving health literacy, it comes with a number of disadvantages. List and describe three and give its counterbalancing advantage.

Question 54

Two reasons that provider-patient interpersonal communication is often problematic is the power distance between providers and clients and the reluctance this produces on the part of clients to speak up. How does the way that doctors and practitioners communicate affect or lead to these problems? How have some patients been empowered to reverse these effects and what are some other solutions that may facilitate better communication?

Question 55

Entertainment media have contributed to health literacy and behavior. Yet, there is evidence that entertainment media can also encourage unhealthy behavior. In what ways have they been demonstrated to do so? What are examples of unhealthy behaviors that have resulted? Can entertainment media also facilitate healthy behavior? If so, how? Use examples.

Question 56

Family and friends clearly affect health and well-being. Detail the health benefits of those relationships and discuss some contemporary efforts to maximize their value. Give examples.

Question 57

Only two countries in the world, including the US, allow direct-to-consumer prescription drug advertising (DTCA), so most of the world obviously sees it as problematic. What do you think? Detail its supposed benefits and supposed drawbacks and then take a stand; should the practice be allowed? Defend your answer.

Question 58

The Health Belief Model argues that six main constructs influence people's decisions about whether to take action to prevent, screen for, and control illness. People, it says, will act if they….. Finish this explanation. In other words, what are those six constructs and how do they combine to move people toward taking more control over their personal health and well-being?