Deck 13: The Future of Race Glossary References Index

Question 1

After Barak Obama won the 2008 presidential election a claim was made that we are in a post-racial society. This claim implies that:

A) we are more aware of racial inequality in politics
B) racism is a major factor in determining one's life chances
C) we have reached a full state of racial equality in politics
D) race is no longer a major factor in determining one's life chances

Answer 1

D

Question 2

To say race is a social construction is to say race:

A) changes across time and place
B) is a fixed concept
C) remains the same across global cultures
D) remains the same across American cultures

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Sociologists George Yancey argues that the groups likely to become white in the next forty years are Latinos and Asian Americans. He argues that African Americas will not "become white" due to:

A) the fact that they face a greater degree of alienation than other racial groups
B) racism
C) prejudice
D) all of the above

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Latinos have a long trend toward exogamy, which means to:

A) have multiple children.
B) marry outside of their group.
C) value dominant group values.
D) participate in politics.

Question 5

Sociologist Eduardo Bonilla-Silva presented the Latin Americanization thesis to explain the future of U.S. race relations, which argues:

A) the Latin American population in the U.S. is increasing
B) the Latin American population in the U.S. is decreasing
C) the political ideology of Latin America will significantly influence U.S. politics
D) the U.S. is shifting from a binary white/non-white racial system to a triracial stratification system

Question 6

In Bonilla-Silva's triracial stratification system, a racial status hierarchy exists in which this group is at the bottom:

A) whites
B) non-whites
C) white immigrants
D) Asian Americans

Question 7

Bonilla-Silva's Latin Americanization thesis is based on this characteristic of Latin America:

A) a long history of race mixing which coexists with rather than supplants white supremacy.
B) a slow but steady decrease in white supremacy
C) a slow but steady decrease of racial hierarchy toward equality
D) a long history of groups not divided by skin color

Question 8

The racial stratification system in Latin America is based on this, which implies that racial groups are internally stratified along the lines of skin color.

A) equality
B) colorblindness
C) post-racial culture
D) colorism

Question 9

This is when elected officials of color fail to advocate for policies that reflect the interests of their constituency and are generally out of touch with the needs and issues facing minority communities.

A) superficial representation
B) substantive representation
C) political socialization
D) political capital

Question 10

Black politicians are unlikely to win national campaigns, where winning a significant portion of the white vote is necessary, if they are perceived as affiliated with the Civil Rights Movement. This an example of:

A) white privilege in politics
B) racism in politics
C) how most black elected officials are elected primarily in black districts
D) all of the above

Question 11

Minority groups need to generate more ___________, the organization and cultural resources necessary to get political systems to work in their favor.

A) Supreme Court support
B) political capital
C) race discourse
D) voting blocs

Question 12

Which of the following is a legitimate reason for why there is such a low level of political participation among Latinos.

A) Latinos tend to be a mobile population and this inhibits re-registering
B) Latinos hold a strong value of voting, but often feel overwhelmed by which candidate to pick to best represent their group
C) Although highly politically socialized, high levels of poverty keep them from the polls
D) all of the above

Question 13

This term refers to a group of people that tend to vote in ways that support or oppose particular policies, or when a group votes in a particular way as a reflection of a particular aspect of their identity.

A) voting rights
B) minority voters
C) voting bloc
D) none of the above

Question 14

Social scientists that study demographic trends are predicting some serious conflict in the political sphere in the near future regarding the intersection of which two trends:

A) growing numbers of racial intermarriage and white supremacy
B) decreasing percentage of racial minorities and more unmarried women
C) increasing percentage of racial minorities and an aged society
D) rich getting richer and poor getting poorer

Question 15

In the past decade there has been a dramatic increase in this, groups that espouse ideologies that favor people already in a country and are thus hostile to immigrants.

A) post-racial extremists
B) nationalism
C) racial patriotism
D) nativism

Question 16

The primary opposition to immigration revolves around economic arguments such as:

A) undocumented immigrants take jobs that should go to citizens
B) undocumented workers work for so much less money it hurts all workers
C) many immigrants are seen as drug traffickers
D) all of the above

Question 17

Some argue that immigrants offer more to our economy than they take. The following is the best example of this:

A) immigrants provide cheap labor for business owners
B) undocumented immigrants pay taxes and make Social Security contributions to the federal government
C) immigrants create jobs because they add to the country's overall economic activity and consumption of goods and services
D) all of the above

Question 18

Which historical governmental policy limited immigration to 2 percent of each nationality already residing in the U.S.:

A) Chinese Exclusion Act
B) National Origins Quota System
C) Immigration Reform Act
D) DREAM Act

Question 19

This act abolished the National Origins Quota system and replaced it with a system that showed preference for an immigrant's skills and their relationship to U.S. citizens.

A) Chinese Exclusion Act
B) Reed-Johnson Act
C) Immigration and Nationality Act
D) DREAM Act

Question 20

The following legislation, if passed, would have made the path to citizenship by undocumented migrants brought to the U.S. as children easier; their citizenship would have been granted upon their obtaining a college degree or through military service.

A) Chinese Exclusion Act
B) Reed-Johnson Act
C) Immigration and Nationality Act
D) DREAM Act

Question 21

Which historical government policy was designed to protect the racial purity of American society by banning Chinese immigrants from entry:

A) Chinese Exclusion Act
B) National Origins Quota System
C) Immigration Reform Act
D) Dream Act

Question 22

According to Howard Ehrlich, this term refers to acts motivated by group prejudice with the intent to cause physical or psychological injury and include intimidation, harassment, property destruction, and physical attacks.

A) terrorism
B) hate crimes
C) ethnoviolence
D) fundamentalist violence

Question 23

This term specifically refers to legal statutes delineating serious crimes motivated by prejudice against ethnicity, race, skin color, national origin, etc.

A) terrorism
B) hate crimes
C) ethnoviolence
D) fundamentalist violence

Question 24

An example of a group that is currently being racialized in American society is:

A) Asian Americans
B) Arab Americans
C) unmarried black women
D) no groups because we are in a post-racial culture now

Question 25

This movement is the push to right the historical wrong of slavery and to offer recompense for descendants of slaves.

A) reparations movement
B) amends movements
C) abolitionist movement
D) Campaign for Redress

Question 26

A national movement to remember the Japanese internment camps and call for an official apology and reparations from the U.S. government was called:

A) reparations movement
B) amends movements
C) abolitionist movement
D) Campaign for Redress

Question 27

When electing a minority to political office, minority constituents hope for _________, which refers to politicians that work to make the needs of their non-white constituents a priority.

A) superficial representation
B) substantive representation
C) minority representation
D) none of the above

Question 28

Which of the following are examples of anti-immigrant rhetoric used by Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump during his campaign?

A) Referring to Mexicans as rapists
B) Threatening to deport undocumented migrants
C) Promises to build a wall along the Mexican-American border
D) All of the above are examples of race-baiting used by Donald Trump

Question 29

Which of the following racial/ethnic minority groups has shifted from a solid Republican voting bloc to a strong democratic one over the last twenty years?

A) African Americans
B) Latinos/Hispanics
C) Asian Americans
D) Native Americans

Question 30

The Millenial Generation, those individuals born after 1980, are the most racially/ethnically diverse generation our country has ever known.

Question 31

Despite their demographic appeal, less than one-quarter of Latinos are registered voters in the U.S.

Question 32

Someone in Brazil that is fair-skinned and has European features generally does not benefit from white privilege.

Question 33

Native Americans were not granted U.S. citizenship until 1924, even though they were required to meet an obligation of citizenship prior to that when they were drafted in WWI.

Question 34

The U.S. is not facing dramatically higher immigration rates than we have in the past, but immigration is perceived as increasing.

Question 35

While the U.S. government has mostly avoided addressing the wrongs toward Japanese Americans for their internment during WWII, it has addressed the wrongs of slavery and near genocide of Native Americans.

Question 36

Various voter suppression techniques have been implemented in various states as a way to create barriers to voting among poor people, who are disproportionately racial/ethnic minorities, and college students.

Question 37

As the largest racial/ethnic minority group in the country and with their high voting rates, Latinos are a sought after voting bloc.

Question 38

There was a decrease in hate crimes and hate group activity between 2011 and 2014, only to have them dramatically increase since 2015.

Question 39

White nationalist and nativist sentiments are not just found in American culture; instead, these ideologies re global.

Question 40

Explain the argument that race is a social construction. Describe the two sociological predictions on the future of race: becoming white in the twenty-first century and the triracial stratification system.

Question 41

Explain the claim that the U.S. is a post-racial or colorblind society. What political development spurred this idea? Explain why this claim is inaccurate.

Question 42

Describe how race and white privilege operate in politics. Describe the role and influence of the Latino constituency in U.S. politics in recent decades. Describe Latino voting rates and reasons for these rates.

Question 43

Describe the current trends toward an increase in racial minorities as well as in increasingly aged society. What predictions do social scientists have for this intersection of groups in regards to politics?

Question 44

Discuss the increase of an anti-immigration climate in U.S. society. What are some of the economic arguments against immigration? What are some of the economic arguments for immigration?

Question 45

Describe U.S. immigration law historically, specifically the accomplishments of the Chinese Exclusion Act, the National Origins Quota System, and the Immigration Reform Act.

Question 46

How were U.S. immigration laws influenced by anti-Semitism? How did this impact Jewish immigration to the U.S. during World War II?

Question 47

Describe current anti-immigrant legislation and the increase in punishment for people who violate immigration laws. How would the DREAM Act have influenced immigration law?

Question 48

What is a hate crime? What is the difference between ethnoviolence and hate crimes? Explain the increase in nativism and hate groups in recent decades.

Question 49

Discuss the history and current status of the reparations movement, specifically efforts to offer reparations for descendants of former slaves. Discuss reparations for Japanese Americans. Give a possible explanation for the differences in government response between the two.