Deck 5: Psychoanalytic Social Psychology Karen Horney Erich Fromm

Question 1

A neurotic need to be admired and to exploit that admiration represents,according to Horney,which of the following solutions to anxiety?

A) Self-assertion
B) Self-expansion
C) Self-effacement
D) Resignation

Answer 1

 B

Question 2

In the neurotic individual,the idealized self and the real self

A) become repressed.
B) mostly coincide.
C) become separated.
D) are one.

Answer 2

 C

Question 3

Shaniqua has a very strong need for the affection and approval of others,and she tends to choose dominant partners.What is her basic orientation toward life?

A) Self-effacing solution
B) Self-expansive solution
C) Resignation solution
D) Detachment solution

Answer 3

 A

Question 4

In Horney's concept of basic anxiety,the threat to the individual comes from

A) the id.
B) a perception of the environment as dangerous and unfair.
C) the amygdala.
D) conditional positive regard.

Question 5

Freud is to the concept of penis envy as Horney is to the concept of

A) womb envy.
B) masculine protest.
C) breast envy.
D) castration anxiety.

Question 6

What is the difference between Horney's concept of the idealized self and Freud's concept of the ego-ideal?

A) Only Freud emphasized the social aspects in his conception of the ego-ideal.
B) Only Horney's idealized self is a separate structure within the ego.
C) Only the ego-ideal reflects an individual's need to keep up appearances of perfection.
D) Only the idealized self represses both good and bad feelings.

Question 7

Karen Horney and Erich Fromm departed from Freudian theory in that they both

A) emphasized the importance of social factors on personality development.
B) no longer practiced psychoanalysis.
C) persisted in stressing the intrapsychic aspects of personality.
D) explored the guilt feelings that result from sexual impulses.

Question 8

Which of the following neurotic trends would most likely lead a person to use a self-effacing solution when it comes to dealing with life's problems?

A) A need for a dominant partner
B) A need for perfection and unassailability
C) A need to restrict one's life within narrow boundaries
D) An exaggerated need for power

Question 9

According to Horney,"__________" represent(s) identification with the ideal self instead of the real or actual self.

A) the tyranny of the shoulds
B) moving toward
C) alienation
D) moving against

Question 10

Janice has a very strong need for the affection and approval of others,and she tends to choose dominant partners.What is her primary mode of relating to others?

A) Moving away
B) Moving against
C) Moving toward
D) Moving opposite

Question 11

Michelle has exaggerated needs for power,prestige,and admiration.She is most likely to utilize the ___________ mode of relating to others.

A) moving toward
B) moving against
C) moving away
D) moving around

Question 12

The idealized self represents

A) the self as it appears to others.
B) what a person thinks he or she should be.
C) the physiological organism.
D) those things that are true about a person.

Question 13

Rafael is a perfectionist who goes to extremes to prove that he needs no one's help in any way.His quest for total self-sufficiency has resulted in social isolation.According to Horney,what is his primary mode of relating to others?

A) Moving away
B) Moving against
C) Moving toward
D) Moving opposite

Question 14

According to Horney,men's superiority to women in creative endeavors can be attributed to their

A) greater sexual libido.
B) inability to create biologically.
C) more expansive interests.
D) naturally superior creative talents.

Question 15

Two-year-old Ashley was brought to a neighborhood playgroup for the first time.As soon as Ashley was engrossed in play,her mother stepped out of the room to get a cup of coffee.On realizing that her mother was gone,Ashley stopped playing and started to cry.When her mother came back,Ashley clung to her mother tenaciously and refused to play anymore.Ashley's behavior reflects which of Horney's modes of relating to others?

A) A healthy mode
B) Moving against
C) Moving away
D) Moving toward

Question 16

Horney felt that a woman's concept of inferiority results from

A) her basic neurotic tendencies.
B) living in a patriarchal society.
C) innate, biological factors.
D) her inherent lack of creativity.

Question 17

An exaggerated need for approval and affection represents which of the primary modes of relating to others?

A) Moving away
B) Moving against
C) Moving toward
D) Moving with

Question 18

"The devil's pact" is synonymous with which of Horney's terms?

A) Alienation
B) Moving away
C) Self-expansive solution
D) Tyranny of the should

Question 19

A person whose basic orientation toward life is self-effacing is most likely to

A) have an exaggerated need to exploit others.
B) have an exaggerated need for affection and approval.
C) need perfection.
D) have an exaggerated need for personal admiration.

Question 20

David,a 40-year-old male,has always been driven to achieve a great deal at work and also to create art through painting and sculpting.According to Horney,David is driven to perform these behaviors as

A) a result of his inborn hypercompetitiveness with other males.
B) compensation for his inability to bear children.
C) a result of his inborn hypercompetitiveness with females.
D) a way to deal with his unconscious castration fears.

Question 21

Fromm believed that,as humans have gained more freedom by transcending nature and other animals,they have

A) minimized feelings of despair.
B) developed safeguards to preserve their freedoms.
C) felt increasingly separate and isolated.
D) become emotionally closer to their animal roots.

Question 22

A key method of the systematic self-analysis suggested by Horney is

A) self-induced hypnotic suggestion.
B) the self-administered personality inventory.
C) free association followed by reflection.
D) interpretation of early memories.

Question 23

Which of the following is one of the styles of infant attachment identified by Ainsworth?

A) Avoidant
B) Aggressive
C) Explorative
D) Naive

Question 24

The attachment patterns we develop change the brain by altering

A) the type of neurotransmitter released by neurons.
B) the chromosomal patterns within neurons, especially of the forebrain.
C) its synaptic connections and circuits.
D) the duration in which neurons are active when thinking of those close to them.

Question 25

According to Fromm,the need to strive actively for a goal rather than simply to respond to whatever life brings on describes the need for

A) excitation and stimulation.
B) frame of orientation and object of devotion.
C) transcendence.
D) rootedness.

Question 26

Certain celebrities become what their public expects them to be instead of expressing their true selves.This describes which of the following character orientations?

A) Exploitative
B) Hoarding
C) Marketing
D) Receptive

Question 27

Erich Fromm's approach is best described as humanistic social analysis because it attempts a synthesis of the thoughts of

A) Freud and Adler.
B) Freud and Jung.
C) Adler and Jung.
D) Freud and Marx.

Question 28

Andrea has formed a relationship with her husband in which she allows him to dominate her so completely that they have become symbiotic.According to Fromm,Andrea exemplifies the mechanism of escape known as

A) automaton conformity.
B) authoritarianism.
C) destructiveness.
D) isolation.

Question 29

Early in the twentieth century,Horney called attention to a growing trend in the United States in which individuals would do anything necessary to place themselves in a position of advantage compared to others.She named the trend

A) self-idealism.
B) hypercompetitiveness.
C) basic anxiety.
D) "the devil's pact."

Question 30

The character type in Fromm's theory that is most similar to Freud's anal-retentive personality type is the ________ orientation.

A) exploitative
B) hoarding
C) marketing
D) receptive

Question 31

According to Fromm,the need to become active creators rather than passive creatures is called the need for

A) rootedness.
B) a sense of identity.
C) transcendence.
D) relatedness.

Question 32

What type of parenting predicts the highest levels of competence and lowest levels of problem behavior in Caucasian children?

A) Authoritarian
B) Authoritative
C) Indulgent
D) Uninvolved

Question 33

According to Horney,which of the following best exemplifies self-analysis?

A) A student who fails a test and then asks himself whether he had prepared sufficiently for it.
B) A person who instinctively screams at another driver who cuts in front of them in traffic.
C) A teenager who throws a temper tantrum when her mother takes away her phone.
D) An evangelist who spouts scripture on campus as students pass by.

Question 34

Maria is a mother who is high in demands and psychological control,but low in warmth.Which parenting style does Maria exemplify?

A) Authoritarian
B) Authoritative
C) Indulgent
D) Uninvolved

Question 35

Horney believed that the "flight from womanhood" was

A) characterized by promiscuity.
B) due to a biological abnormality.
C) due to experiences of social and cultural disadvantages.
D) due to penis envy.

Question 36

In which of the following relationships are two persons related so that one of the parties loses or never attains independence?

A) Destructive
B) Love
C) Productive
D) Symbiotic

Question 37

According to Fromm,what separates human nature from animal nature?

A) Hostility
B) Loneliness
C) Love
D) Pride

Question 38

Julie is a very dependent young woman who believes that she can look to other people to fulfill herself.These behavior and thought modes typify which orientation?

A) Exploitative
B) Hoarding
C) Productive
D) Receptive

Question 39

As a young child,Roger had a unique personality.However,as a teenager,he appears to have little personality at all.Instead,he seems to have adopted the characteristics common to most of the other teens he knows.According to Fromm,Roger's mechanism of escape from freedom is

A) isolation.
B) automaton conformity.
C) destructiveness.
D) authoritarianism.

Question 40

In comparison to Freud's theories,Horney's theories more strongly endorse feminist viewpoints and ________ as explanations of human behavior.

A) developmental forces
B) social forces
C) biological forces
D) unconscious forces

Question 41

Evaluate Horney's and Fromm's theories in terms of their function as philosophy,science,and art.

Question 42

How do Fromm's theories relate to contemporary discussions regarding terrorism?

Question 43

Explain the relationship of the real self to the idealized self in normal,neurotic,and alienated individuals.

Question 44

Michael has a bumper sticker on his expensive luxury car that reads,"The one who dies with the most toys wins." Fromm would probably argue that Michael is dominated by the

A) being mode of existence.
B) basic need of relatedness.
C) hoarding orientation.
D) having mode of existence.

Question 45

Horney argued that men were motivated to achieve in work-related and creative endeavors as a result of their envy of women's ability to bear children.In your opinion,would this envy be present in any individual who could not bear a child (e.g.,postmenopausal women,women with reproductive limitations,children)?

Question 46

Explain how society shapes the fulfillment of our basic needs and leads to the development of character orientations.

Question 47

Cognitive researchers are using brain scanners to locate the neural sources of emotion,behavior,and belief.They have learned,for example,that the amygdala,which is a center of emotional learning in the limbic system,may play a role in the development of

A) love.
B) attachment.
C) bias.
D) jealousy.

Question 48

Discuss assessment and research in Fromm's theory.

Question 49

Karen Horney was an early feminist who challenged male authority.What would be Horney's position on some of the major issues facing women today (for example,equal rights,the question of abortion,and health care)?

Question 50

Explain,according to Horney,how ten neurotic needs or trends can be summarized in terms of three ways of relating to others and three basic orientations toward life.

Question 51

The source of the lust for power that eventually leads to isolation and fear is the

A) productive orientation.
B) receptive orientation.
C) being mode.
D) having mode.

Question 52

Distinguish between the real self and the idealized self,and explain what is meant by the "tyranny of the shoulds."

Question 53

Terror management theory,which was developed after the 9/11 terrorist attacks,is most closely related to the personality theories of

A) Jung.
B) Fromm.
C) Horney.
D) Sullivan.

Question 54

Describe assessment and research in Horney's theory.

Question 55

Identify what Fromm saw as our basic human condition and the three common mechanisms of escape from it.

Question 56

Compare and contrast Freud's and Horney's theories of personality regarding women.

Question 57

Fromm suggested that Adolph Hitler exemplified the

A) necrophilous character.
B) biophilous character.
C) productive character orientation.
D) receptive character orientation.

Question 58

Describe Horney's concept of basic anxiety and explain how it differs from Freud's concept of anxiety.

Question 59

Maccoby's potentially new character type,________,is highly narcissistic and reflects social changes that have occurred in the United States since the 1960s.

A) self-orientation
B) the company man
C) marketing orientation
D) materialism orientation

Question 60

The use of humanistic rather than authoritarian ethics is characteristic of which of the following orientations?

A) Exploitative
B) Hoarding
C) Marketing
D) Productive

Question 61

Both Horney and Fromm identified fundamentally different ways that individuals relate to each other or experience life (for example,primary modes of relating,character orientations,basic modes of existence).To what extent do you believe an individual can alter his or her fundamental manner of experiencing life? At what age is such change most difficult? What methods would be most likely to produce such change?

Question 62

How are Fromm's concepts of escape from freedom and necrophilous character relevant to post-9/11 efforts against terrorism?

Question 63

Positive effects of authoritative parenting have been found more consistently in Caucasians than in Asians.In your opinion,is there any parenting style that produces positive effects in every culture around the world?