Deck 23: The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution

Question 1

How did the cultural and intellectual trends of the post-World War I years reflect the crises of the time as well as the lingering effects of the war?

Answer 1

Answer not provided.

Question 2

Identify the following terms.
Triple Alliance and Triple Entente

Answer 2

Answer not provided.

Question 3

In your opinion,which of the participating nations in World War I was most "guilty" and which was least "guilty" of causing the Great War,and why?

Answer 3

Answer not provided.

Question 4

Identify the following terms.
conscription

Question 5

Identify the following terms.
Serbia and the Black Hand

Question 6

How did the democratic regimes of Britain,France,and the United States avoid totalitarian takeovers while the Weimar Republic was unable to?

Question 7

Were the Russian Revolutions of 1917 inevitable? Why or why not?

Question 8

What were the long-range and immediate causes of World War I? How and why did the events of the late spring and summer of 1914 ultimately move beyond the ability of governmental leaders to control?

Question 9

Identify the following terms.
the Battles of Tannenberg and Masurian Lakes

Question 10

What did "the winners" win in the Great War? And what did they lose?

Question 11

Considering the possible causes and events,was World War I inevitable? Why or why not? If inevitable,from what date or from what event was there no turning back?

Question 12

Identify the following terms.
the Schlieffen Plan

Question 13

Discuss the concept of the "lost generation." Who was "lost," and what did they lose?

Question 14

Discuss the causes and major results of the Great Depression in the United States and Europe.Do you think the Depression was an inevitable part of the Great War's aftermath? Was it effectively over by 1938?

Question 15

"World War I fundamentally and permanently changed the lives of women in Western civilization." Discuss.

Question 16

How did the results of the Peace Conference create problems in postwar Europe? For whom,in particular? Could these problems have been dealt with more effectively? If so,how?

Question 17

Identify the following terms.
Archduke Francis Ferdinand

Question 18

"World War I was a revolutionary war." Discuss.

Question 19

What made the ideologies of communism and fascism appealing in the 1930s?

Question 20

What were the causes of the Russian Revolution of 1917,and why did the Bolsheviks prevail in the civil war and gain control of Russia? What was the relationship between World War I and the Russian Revolution? How did Lenin and the Bolsheviks manage to seize and hold power despite their small numbers? Why was Russia the only major belligerent power to experience a revolution during the war?

Question 21

Identify the following terms.
the Duma and the soviets

Question 22

Identify the following terms.
the "sealed train"

Question 23

Identify the following terms.
Nicholas II and Alexandra

Question 24

Identify the following terms.
the Lusitania

Question 25

Identify the following terms.
"total war"

Question 26

Identify the following terms.
"Peace,Land,Bread" and "All Power to the Soviets"

Question 27

Identify the following terms.
V.I.Lenin

Question 28

Identify the following terms.
T.E.Lawrence

Question 29

Identify the following terms.
Alexander Kerensky and the Provisional Government

Question 30

Identify the following terms.
Georges Clemenceau

Question 31

Identify the following terms.
Gallipoli and Verdun

Question 32

Identify the following terms.
David Lloyd George

Question 33

Identify the following terms.
"war communism"

Question 34

Identify the following terms.
"no-man's land" and the trenches

Question 35

Identify the following terms.
Defense of the Realm Act (DORA)

Question 36

Identify the following terms.
March Revolution

Question 37

Identify the following terms.
Rasputin

Question 38

Identify the following terms.
the Red Army and "revolutionary terror"/Cheka

Question 39

Identify the following terms.
the Bolshevik Party

Question 40

Identify the following terms.
Woodrow Wilson

Question 41

Identify the following terms.
Works Progress Administration and the Social Security Act

Question 42

Identify the following terms.
Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin

Question 43

Identify the following terms.
Article 231/"war guilt clause"

Question 44

Identify the following terms.
France's Popular Front

Question 45

Identify the following terms.
John Maynard Keynes

Question 46

Identify the following terms.
New Economic Policy (NEP)

Question 47

Identify the following terms.
the October 1929 stock market crash

Question 48

Identify the following terms.
Dawes Plan

Question 49

Identify the following terms.
Ottoman Empire

Question 50

Identify the following terms.
Treaty of Locarno

Question 51

Identify the following terms.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the New Deal

Question 52

Identify the following terms.
Armenian genocide

Question 53

Identify the following terms.
Treaty of Versailles

Question 54

Identify the following terms.
the League of Nations and mandates

Question 55

Identify the following terms.
the Weimar Republic and Paul von Hindenburg

Question 56

Identify the following terms.
Great Depression

Question 57

Identify the following terms.
Theodor van de Velde's Ideal Marriage

Question 58

Identify the following terms.
runaway inflation and the Ruhr

Question 59

Identify the following terms.
Paris Peace Conference

Question 60

Identify the following terms.
Treaty of Brest Litovsk

Question 61

Among the major illusions held by civilians and military leaders early in World War I was

A) the belief that it would never be over.
B) that the Americans would enter the war in order to insure a quick victory.
C) the belief of most military leaders that the use of still larger numbers of troops would allow them to get their troops beyond the enemy trenches and gain a quick victory.
D) poison gas would end the war by Christmas.
E) a revolution in Germany would force Germany out of the war.

Question 62

Among the major factors leading to the outbreak of war in mid-1914 was

A) badly implemented brinkmanship on the part of Europe's diplomats.
B) German leaders' determination to end Danish opposition to construction of a huge naval base at Kiel.
C) Japan's determination to seize either United States or German colonies in the Pacific, leading to the Japanese declaration of war against Germany in mid-August 1914.
D) Russia's unexpected attack on Serbia and Bulgaria in late June 1914.
E) the assassination of the heir to the Russian Empire.

Question 63

All of the following developments occurred during the first year of World War I except

A) the Schlieffen Plan almost gave Germany victory in the West.
B) the Western Front became a bloody stalemate involving virtually endless trench warfare.
C) Russia badly defeated the Germans at the Battles of Tannenberg and Masurian Lakes.
D) a combined German-Austrian force dealt the Russians a nearly fatal defeat in Galicia.
E) the Serbians were defeated by a combined German-Austrian-Hungarian force.

Question 64

Using the Schlieffen Plan,

A) Germany launched a massive invasion of the Warsaw region of Poland.
B) France declared war on Austria.
C) Italy invaded the Austrian Tyrol.
D) Germany invaded France by way of Belgium.
E) England declared war on Belgium.

Question 65

On June 28,1914,the Archduke Francis Ferdinand,heir to the Austrian throne,was assassinated in the Bosnian city of

A) Trieste.
B) Prague.
C) Belgrade.
D) Sarajevo.
E) Mostar.

Question 66

Identify the following terms.
Dadaism and Surrealism

Question 67

In a failed effort to open a Balkan front,in 1915 the British launched an attack on

A) Belgium.
B) Constantinople.
C) Adrianople.
D) Gallipoli.
E) Sarajevo.

Question 68

Identify the following terms.
Salvador Dalí's The Persistence of Memory

Question 69

The troops of which country turned the tide of the war in 1918?

A) Japan
B) the United States
C) China
D) Abyssinia
E) Spain

Question 70

The United States

A) entered the war immediately after a number of Americans died when the Lusitania was sunk by a German submarine.
B) had, in President Wilson, a strong foe of total war mobilization.
C) sent its troops to China during the civil war there.
D) took an idealistic stance at the Paris Peace Conference.
E) joined the League of Nations in spite of Woodrow Wilson's opposition.

Question 71

Identify the following terms.
Herman Hesse and James Joyce

Question 72

By 1917,the progress of World War I had

A) forced the Germans into waging unrestricted submarine warfare against Great Britain.
B) enveloped every nation of the world in warfare.
C) resulted in the German capture of several British and French colonies.
D) produced a German attack on United States seaports.
E) led to a communist revolution in Germany.

Question 73

The British government

A) sharply limited free speech when it implemented the Defense of the Realm Act.
B) opposed the use of poison gas under any and all circumstances.
C) developed a program that employed over 1.3 million children, even in positions formerly beyond their previously presumed "capacity."
D) brought William Gladstone back as Prime Minister when Lloyd George was defeated.
E) seized Constantinople from the Ottomans.

Question 74

The Siberian peasant who had great influence on the Russian tsarina was

A) Pugachev.
B) Alexandra.
C) Nicholas.
D) Rasputin.
E) Alexander.

Question 75

The general attitude toward the prospect of a Europe-wide war among the people of Europe in the summer of 1914 was one of

A) fear of the prospect of going to war.
B) naively romantic enthusiasm for the adventure of war.
C) lack of enthusiasm for the confrontation ahead.
D) indifference to developments in international affairs as spring faded into summer.
E) ignorance, because no one knew what the diplomats were doing behind closed doors.

Question 76

The Battle of the Somme

A) was the first major battle of World War I.
B) killed more than 21,000 British soldiers in a single day.
C) was the first, quite unexpected, victory of the Austro-Hungarian army.
D) occurred in Belgium, and brought Britain and the Netherlands into the war.
E) was fought near the beaches of Gallipoli.

Question 77

The final German offensive was stopped on July 18,1918 at the

A) Masurian Lakes.
B) Second Battle of the Marne.
C) Battle of Verdun.
D) Battle of Argonne Forest.
E) Battle of the Somme.

Question 78

Identify the following terms.
"stream of consciousness"

Question 79

All of the following took place in the nations of Europe during World War I except

A) Italy finally joined the Central Powers in early 1918.
B) Russia ended its role in the war in the spring of 1918.
C) government repression of civil liberties greatly increased.
D) employment opportunities for women increased enormously.
E) the loss of enormous numbers of soldiers.

Question 80

Identify the following terms.
Hollywood studio system