Deck 14: Persuasive Speaking

Question 1

An idea we hold to be true even if we can't prove it is true is a(n)

A) value.
B) belief.
C) attitude.
D) behavior.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In a persuasive speech (as opposed to an informative speech), the speaker's intent is to

A) create understanding by clarifying or teaching.
B) use supporting information to give the audience unbiased choices.
C) present information in order to change the way the audience thinks or acts.
D) encourage listeners to make up their own minds.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true of audience members from Pacific Rim nations?

A) Because they are from a collectivistic culture, they are more likely to be persuaded by an indirect approach.
B) Because they are from an individualistic culture, they are more likely to be persuaded by an indirect approach.
C) Because they are from a collectivistic culture, they are more likely to be persuaded by a direct approach.
D) Because they are from an individualist culture, they are more likely to be persuaded by a direct approach.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Social judgment theory holds that the

A) less ego-involved speakers are with their preferred position; the less likely they are to be persuaded by another view.
B) more ego-involved speakers are with their preferred position; the less likely they are to be persuaded by another view.
C) latitude of acceptance includes positions on an issue that trigger neutral feelings.
D) latitude of rejection includes positions in the center of the continuum.

Question 5

Khadija gives a persuasive speech urging listeners to support a college tuition hike. According to social judgment theory, audience members whose anchor is in the same position as Jane's are within which latitude on the continuum?

A) Latitude of acceptance
B) Latitude of rejection
C) Latitude of judgment
D) Latitude of noncommitment

Question 6

Which of the following is a speech to convince?

A) Urging listeners to donate blood.
B) Urging listeners to quit smoking.
C) Urging listeners to believe that the economy will improve.
D) Urging listeners to register to vote.

Question 7

Which of the following would not be a primary goal of a speech to actuate?

A) Urging listeners to continue a behavior.
B) Urging listeners to discontinue a behavior.
C) Urging listeners to adopt a new behavior.
D) Urging listeners to change a previous belief.

Question 8

Speakers who rely heavily on their charisma are using which persuasive appeal?

A) Ethos
B) Pathos
C) Logos
D) Deduction

Question 9

A candidate for State Senate gives a campaign speech in which she begins by reminding her audience that during her 10 years on the city council, she has been an honest and capable public servant. Which persuasive appeal is she using?

A) Ad hominem
B) Ethos
C) Logos
D) Deduction

Question 10

Which of the following is not a guideline for using logos?

A) Include research from all sides of your selected issue.
B) Orally cite your sources.
C) Present evidence to support your positions.
D) Use fallacious reasoning.

Question 11

Which type of reasoning begins with the conclusion and then offers evidence and arguments to support that conclusion?

A) Ad hominem
B) Inductive
C) Deductive
D) Causal

Question 12

A speaker tries to persuade listeners to install burglar alarms by making them fearful about the dangers of leaving their homes unprotected. Which persuasive appeal is this speaker using?

A) Pathos
B) Ethos
C) Logos
D) Deduction

Question 13

An advertisement features a professional athlete endorsing a computer manufacturer. This example is which type of fallacious argument?

A) Ad hominem
B) Hasty generalization
C) Ad verecundiam
D) Straw man

Question 14

A speech contains these main points:I. You should quit smoking because it is an unattractive habit.II. You should quit smoking because it is expensive.III. You should quit smoking because it causes health problems. You recognize this speech as following which organizational pattern?

A) Logical reasons
B) Problem-solution
C) Progressive-questions
D) Comparative Advantages

Question 15

Which of the following is not true of the problem-solution pattern of organization?

A) It can be used for an informative or a persuasive speech.
B) It is most commonly used for a persuasive speech.
C) The problem and the solution should be given roughly equal development.
D) The majority of time should be spent on developing the solution.

Question 16

In her speech, Araceli talks about the spread of antibiotic-resistant diseases, and then sherecommends that doctors prescribe fewer antibiotics. Which organizational pattern is she using?

A) Logical reasons
B) Problem-solution
C) Progressive-questions
D) Comparative Advantages

Question 17

Which organizational pattern considers how a current situation arose, what will happen if it continues, why continuing is unacceptable, and how it can be changed?

A) Logical reasons
B) Problem-solution
C) Progressive-questions
D) Comparative Advantages

Question 18

In a progressive-questions speech about the increase in childhood obesity, Rebecca asks, "How can we solve this problem?" She is asking a question of

A) fact.
B) conjecture.
C) value.
D) policy.

Question 19

Which organizational pattern is most appropriate when the audience agrees that a problem exists but disagrees on how to solve that problem?

A) Logical reasons
B) Problem-solution
C) Progressive-questions
D) Comparative advantages

Question 20

City residents know the local government is facing a budget shortfall. The mayor gives a speech presenting two options for reducing costs: laying off employees or closing city parks one day per week. He focuses on getting residents to agree that the second plan is best. Which organizational pattern is he using?

A) Logical reasons
B) Problem-solution
C) Progressive-questions
D) Comparative Advantages

Question 21

The goal of Monroe's motivated sequence is to convince listeners

A) to change a belief.
B) to take action.
C) that one plan is better than another.
D) to be inoculated against counter-persuasion.

Question 22

Which of the following is not true of inoculation theory?

A) Mentioning opposing arguments is enough to build inoculation.
B) You can make people immune to accepting ideas the same way a vaccination makes people immune to a disease.
C) Inoculation simulates the process of counterargument.
D) It will build audience resistance to future attacks by creating a broad blanket of protection.

Question 23

When your persuasive speech audience favors your position, what step is recommended?

A) Use a negative rather than positive tone.
B) Repeat what they already know.
C) Attack the opposition.
D) Find new and compelling information.

Question 24

When your persuasive speech audience opposes your position,

A) expect only incremental change.
B) expect to move them far along the continuum toward your position.
C) avoid using the comparative advantages pattern of organization.
D) avoid using the logical reasons pattern of organization.

Question 25

When an audience is apathetic about the issue you will discuss in your persuasive speech,

A) they are undecided about their position on the issue.
B) they are ignorant about the issue.
C) they don't care about the issue.
D) they are in the latitude of acceptance.

Question 26

As defined by Aristotle, the art of applying the available means of persuasion to a particular situation is ___________.

Question 27

A cultural variable that affects the degree to which people are likely to be persuaded by a speaker of high or low status is __________ distance.

Question 28

The idea that listeners compare their own feelings on an issue to that of a speaker, based on their feelings, experiences, and ego-involvement with the issue is central to _______________theory.

Question 29

If the main goal is to urge listeners to form a new belief, this is a speech to ___________.

Question 30

When speakers try to show the audience that they are credible and therefore worth believing, they are using the persuasive appeal that Aristotle called __________.

Question 31

The process of presenting evidence so that the conclusion follows from that evidence is known as ____________ reasoning.

Question 32

The argument asserting that something must be true because many people believe it is true is the type of fallacious reasoning known as ________.

Question 33

A persuasive speech in which the speaker walks the audience through the problem-solving process and uses a sequence of questions that follow the audience's thought patterns is_________-questions.

Question 34

A persuasive pattern that moves beyond problem-solution to convincing the audiences to take a specific action is Monroe's ___________.

Question 35

Listeners who are well-acquainted about an issue but have a neutral position on it are_______.

Question 36

Explain social judgment theory. What is the basic premise? Explain the concept of the anchor and the latitudes. Discuss how you could apply, or have applied, this theory to persuasive speaking - either in a formal classroom speech or in another context (such as your workplace).

Question 37

Consider how culture, ethics, and technology have affected, or will affect your persuasive speech. Provide specific examples of how you have designed, or will design, your persuasive message to adapt to these factors.

Question 38

Define ethos, pathos, and logos. Provide examples of how speakers can use these means of persuasion.

Question 39

What is one objection to an argument in a classroom persuasive speech that you have given or will give? What is inoculation theory, and how could it be used in this situation to minimize the effects of this objection?

Question 40

The textbook lists 5 organizational patterns speakers can use for persuasive speeches. Describe3 of these and explain the purposes or situations for which they are most effective.