Deck 4: Appreciating Cultural Similarities and Accepting Differences

Question 1

Objective culture is the psychological side and levels of abstraction, such as patterns of behavior of groups of people.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which term refers to culture with a "capital C," such as the arts and music of a country, which can be observed easily?

A) Subjective
B) Objective
C) Subculture
D) Inductive

Answer 2

B

Question 3

____ culture adherents value deadlines and punctuality, and they tend to accomplish tasks sequentially in a logical order, following strict schedules.

A) Monochronic
B) Synchronically oriented
C) Polychronic
D) External-oriented

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which cultural dimension examines the comfort level of a society's acceptance of ambiguity and structure?

A) Internal vs. external control
B) Uncertainty avoidance
C) Individualism vs. collectivism
D) Sequential vs. synchronic cultures

Question 5

People in ___ cultures use indirect language in which the meaning is derived from social relationships and nonverbal cues.

A) low-context
B) affective
C) neutral
D) high-context

Question 6

___ cultures illustrate the intensity of emotions in how people communicate and express themselves.

A) Specific vs. diffuse
B) Internal vs. external control
C) Affective vs. neutral
D) Monochronic vs. polychronic

Question 7

If someone looks at a person's family background and connections, that person is oriented toward what type of culture?

A) Ascription
B) Achievement
C) Diffuse
D) Affective

Question 8

Hofstede's ___ dimension analyzes the level of happiness in a society, and how people gratify or forgo personal desires.

A) uncertainty avoidance
B) universalism vs. particularism
C) specific vs. diffuse cultures
D) indulgence vs. restraint

Question 9

List four tangible aspects of time that PR writers need to be aware of when communicating with different countries?

Question 10

The ___ model is also called the culturally relative perspective that believes PR practices should be different in every country.

A) hybrid approach
B) ethnocentric
C) polycentric
D) self-reference

Question 11

A/An ___ stereotype occurs when a broad cultural generalization is applied to all people within a culture.

A) deductive
B) inductive
C) effective
D) polycentric

Question 12

National culture is based on the values in the country where the headquarters or individual offices are located.

Question 13

People in polychronic cultures value relationships more than schedules and do not adhere to strict timetables.

Question 14

People in high-context cultures focus on facts and logic, applying meaning to explicit, direct language.

Question 15

Low-power distance cultures prefer less stringent and more egalitarian hierarchies, whereas high-power distance cultures accept hierarchy and inequality.

Question 16

Self-reference criterion refers to unconsciously viewing other cultures through the values and experiences of one's own culture.

Question 17

Deductive stereotypes develop when assumptions area made about a culture based on only one experience or a few observations.

Question 18

The polycentric theory maintains the belief that PR is the same in other countries as in its country of origin.

Question 19

The hybrid approach blends two contrasting ethnocentric and polycentric theories, believing that some generic PR principles apply with customization to local markets.

Question 20

Explain how writers would need to communicate differently with people from individualistic and collectivist cultures?