Deck 12: Stress and Occupational Health Psychology

Question 1

Occupational Health Psychology is primarily concerned with which aspects of employees?

A) Motivation & productivity
B) Health & safety
C) Physical stressors & indicators
D) Top-down management & leadership

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A company institutes a program to provide substance abuse counseling for employees. This is an example of a(n) ______.

A) Correlated stress management plan
B) Employee Assistance Program
C) OSHA inspection
D) Intervention study

Answer 2

B

Question 3

According to the Job Demands-Resources Model, when does an employee experience strain?

A) When there are too many job resources and not enough job demands
B) When there are too many job demands and not enough available job resources
C) When job resources increase over time
D) When job demands decrease over time

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following relationships best captures the process of stress?

A) Stressor leads to Strain
B) Stimulus leads to Resource
C) Demand leads to Resource
D) Resource leads to Demand

Question 5

A problem with measuring workplace safety using the frequency of accidents is the ______.

A) low base rate of accidents
B) lack of employee motivation
C) safety participation is low
D) safety climate is low

Question 6

Kelly works for a retail organization. She seeks responsibilities at work that match her personality and interests. This is an example of

A) job satisfaction.
B) climate improvement.
C) customer satisfaction.
D) job crafting.

Question 7

David has two bosses who are asking him to work on two projects with incompatible demands at the same time. This is an example of ________.

A) job de-crafting
B) exhaustion
C) role conflict
D) engagement

Question 8

The general term for anything that induces strain is a

A) stressor
B) hindrance
C) resource
D) challenge

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a challenge stressor?

A) organizational politics
B) hassles
C) time urgency
D) paperwork

Question 10

______ is a condition referring to long-term exhaustion and diminished interest in work.

A) Depression
B) Rumination
C) Job ambiguity
D) Burnout

Question 11

Research indicates which of the following can affect an individual's stress?

A) Workaholism
B) Self-efficacy
C) Personality type
D) All of the above

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an individual approach to stress management?

A) Seeking social support
B) Accessing an Employee Assistance Plan
C) Engaging in exercise
D) Getting adequate sleep

Question 13

Which of the following is a type of stressor?

A) role ambiguity
B) family-to-work conflict
C) information overload
D) Alll of the above are types of stressors

Question 14

_____ is the shared perceptions employees have about the priority of safety in their organization.

A) Safety climate
B) Stress agreement
C) Safety participation
D) Safety compliance

Question 15

A tech firm installed walking desks for all their employees who requested one. This is an example of _____.

A) Stress management
B) Job crafting
C) Increased job control
D) Shift work

Question 16

Which term refers to an individual employee's desire for, and the importance they place on, safe behavior at work?

A) Safety climate
B) Opportunity to perform
C) Safety motivation
D) Safety knowledge

Question 17

Conservation of Resources theory proposes individuals seek _____ to protect themselves from stress.

A) Work-life balance
B) Social support
C) Motivation
D) Resources

Question 18

While challenge stressors are positively related to engagement, ____ stressors are negatively related to engagement.

A) Hindrance
B) Workload
C) Resource
D) Alarm

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT an example of a psychological consequence of stress?

A) Anxiety
B) Depression
C) Cardiovascular disease
D) Rumination

Question 20

An employee who works extra hours compulsively and works because they feel guilty may be experiencing _____.

A) Job crafting
B) Workaholism
C) Challenge stressors
D) Dysfunctional Engagement

Question 21

An recent approach that acknowledges that safety, health, and well-being are all intertwined is called _____.

A) Safety Participation SystemTM
B) Total Worker HealthTM
C) Challenge
D) Complete SupportTM

Question 22

Some recent railway fatalities have attributed to the medical condition ____.

A) sleep apnea
B) diabetes
C) hypertension
D) neurological disease

Question 23

According to meta-analytic evidence, which of the following personality traits is positively related to safety motivation?

A) Proactive personality
B) Workaholism
C) Extraversion
D) Conscientiousness

Question 24

Studies have shown that a key outcome of detaching from work is ____.

A) stress reduction
B) worker disengagement
C) improved job crafting
D) engagement

Question 25

Which of the following is an example of mindfulness?

A) Challenge stressor
B) Job crafting
C) Focus on breathing
D) Job satisfaction

Question 26

A recent study by Gonzalez-Mule and Cockburn (2017) that tracked workers over a seven-year period found that workers in demanding jobs and low control (e.g., not able to decide how to do their work) were more likely to

A) seek to craft their job
B) quit
C) have sleep problems
D) die

Question 27

A person's belief that they can keep up with the physical and psychological requirements of their job is referred to as:

A) well-being.
B) engagement.
C) work ability.
D) total health.

Question 28

People who prefer to work in specific blocks of time to separate work from non-work are referred to as _____.

A) de-integrators
B) segmenters
C) volleyers
D) detachers

Question 29

Displaying high levels of impatience, doing things quickly, and being competitive and highly involved in work is typical of individual's with _____ personality.

A) Type A
B) Type B
C) Conscientious
D) Proactive

Question 30

The Job Demands-Resources model proposes stress results from a mismatch between employee stressors and strains.

Question 31

Research has found that work-family conflict is related to lower work satisfaction and performance.

Question 32

Low levels of stress typically predict the highest levels of performance.

Question 33

A current criticism of OHP is that many studies focus on middle-class and professional workers.

Question 34

Research suggests that not getting enough sleep can accumulate and affect cognitive performance.

Question 35

Sleep apnea has been identified as a key cause of some recent train accidents in the U.S.

Question 36

Current approaches to studying worker safety and well-being have emphasized the need to treat safety and well-being as separate issues.

Question 37

Job crafting involves supervisors redesigning employees' jobs to reduce stress.

Question 38

Research has shown that open offices are important for increasing performance and satisfaction.

Question 39

Wearable technologies can increase worker stress because workers feel that they are always being watched.

Question 40

Core safety behaviors such as following safety rules and properly using safety equipment are referred to as _____.

Question 41

Worker behaviors like supporting coworkers and safety norms within the organization are referred to as _____.

Question 42

_____ is the shared understanding that workers have about the priority of safety in the organization.

Question 43

A recognition of the interconnectedness of worker health and safety with an emphasis not only on health promotion but worker safety and psychological well-being is called ______.

Question 44

___ are "bad" stressors, job demands that are negatively linked to work engagement.

Question 45

_____ are "good" stressors, job demands that are developmental and positively related to engagement.

Question 46

When demands from work and nonwork domains negatively affect one another it is called:

Question 47

____ is having multiple contradictory demands at work.

Question 48

A lack of clarity regarding one's work roles is referred to as _____.

Question 49

_____ is state of consciousness which allows noticing but not evaluating or ruminating about information.

Question 50

What is job crafting?

Question 51

What are stressors and strain? How are they different?

Question 52

Name three types of stressors and discuss their outcomes.

Question 53

What are two theories of stress and how do they explain the stress process?

Question 54

How are challenge stressors different from hindrance stressors? What might be some potential issues with this conceptualization of stress?

Question 55

What are antecedents to safety behaviour or performance? How might organizations promote these?

Question 56

A person who has worked as a firefighter and as a data entry specialist claims both jobs were equally stressful. Which theories of stress might explain how this is possible?

Question 57

An organization in the tech industry approaches you as an OHP consultant and explains their employees are reporting high levels of stress and are quitting at a high rate. How would you recommend proceeding to reduce stress levels among employees?

Question 58

A supervisor would like to encourage their employees to take on responsibilities that align with their personal interests and strengths. What are they likely referring to and what would your advice be in regards to how they should proceed?

Question 59

How does the transactional theory explain the stress process?

Question 60

How is a challenge stressor different from a hindrance stressor?

Question 61

Which stressors are commonly studied by occupational health psychologists?

Question 62

How does conservation of resources explain the stress process?