Question 1

The Maya used ancient swidden farming methods to grow maize and beans, and these cleared gardens were called __________.&#10;A) milpa&#10;B) chinampas&#10;C) quipas&#10;D) manos

Accepted Answer

Milpa is the term used to describe the Maya's cleared gardens where they practiced ancient swidden farming methods to grow maize and beans. Chinampas were used by the Aztecs, not the Maya, as a system of floating gardens in Lake Texcoco. Quipas were a form of record-keeping by the Inca civilization, and manos were stone tools used for grinding and crushing food.

Question 2

Some estimates placed the Maya population at between __________ people in A. D. 800.&#10;A) 200,000 and 300,000&#10;B) 1 and 2 million&#10;C) 3 and 5 million&#10;D) 8 and 10 million

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

The earliest farming villages in the Valley of Oaxaca were concentrated __________.&#10;A) on the mountain tops&#10;B) in the rain forests&#10;C) in the valley floors&#10;D) next to river deltas

Accepted Answer

The Valley of Oaxaca is a geographical region in southern Mexico that is characterized by a valley floor surrounded by mountains. The earliest farming villages were concentrated in the valley floors, where the fertile soil and access to water sources allowed for agriculture to thrive.

Question 4

The people in the Valley of Mexico used a raised-field technique called the &#34;floating garden&#34; or __________.&#10;A) milpa&#10;B) chinampa&#10;C) metate&#10;D) quipa

Accepted Answer

The raised-field technique used by the people in the Valley of Mexico is called the "floating garden" or chinampa. Milpa refers to a type of Mesoamerican agricultural system, metate is a grinding stone, and quipa is a device used for recording information in the Inca Empire.

Question 5

The economic system of the Valley of Mexico, enhanced by great agricultural productivity and a sophisticated market economy, helped to foster the __________.&#10;A) taxation of the serfs&#10;B) development of specialist crafts&#10;C) increase in exploration of the rain forests&#10;D) decoration of their gardens

Accepted Answer

The sophisticated market economy in the Valley of Mexico allowed for the development of specialized crafts, as people could focus on producing goods for trade rather than subsistence farming. There is no evidence to suggest that serfs were taxed, exploration of rain forests was increased, or that gardens were decorated.

Question 6

The Mesoamerican Pre-classic chiefdoms were often ruled by a chief and a(n) __________.&#10;A) elite&#10;B) warrior&#10;C) priest&#10;D) king

Accepted Answer

The Mesoamerican Pre-classic chiefdoms were often ruled by a chief and an elite class, which included nobles and other influential figures in society.

Question 7

The Olmec are associated with the __________.&#10;A) Early Preclassic&#10;B) Middle Preclassic&#10;C) Late Preclassic&#10;D) Classic

Accepted Answer

The Olmec Civilization is associated with the Middle Preclassic period, which is between approximately 1200 BCE and 400 BCE. During this time, the Olmec developed many of their unique features, including their writing system, religion, and artistic style. Though there were earlier cultures in the region, it is generally agreed that the Olmec mark the beginning of Mesoamerican civilization as we know it today.

Question 8

The earliest traces of Olmec occupation are best documented at __________.&#10;A) Teotihuac&#225;n&#10;B) Monte Alb&#225;n&#10;C) San Lorenzo&#10;D) La Venta

Accepted Answer

The earliest traces of Olmec occupation are best documented at San Lorenzo, where archeologists have uncovered evidence of large ceremonial centers and sculptures dating back to at least 1200 BCE.

Question 9

In which of the following periods was a common religious system and ideology beginning to unify large areas of Mesoamerica?&#10;A) Early Preclassic&#10;B) Middle Preclassic&#10;C) Late Preclassic&#10;D) Classic

Accepted Answer

During the Late Preclassic period, a common religious system and ideology began to unify large areas of Mesoamerica, as evidenced by the spread of similar architectural styles, iconography, and religious practices across different regions.

Question 10

The __________ found on pottery and other ritual objects in the highlands, had an important place in Olmec cosmology.&#10;A) were-jaguar&#10;B) seashell&#10;C) obsidian&#10;D) feathers

Accepted Answer

The were-jaguar, a half-human, half-jaguar supernatural figure, was a prominent image in Olmec art and iconography, and was frequently represented on pottery and other ritual objects. It is thought to have had an important place in Olmec cosmology, possibly representing a deity or shamanic power.

Question 11

The emergence of social ranking and status in the Valley of Oaxaca occurred during which phase?&#10;A) Monte Alb&#225;n phase&#10;B) Middle Preclassic&#10;C) San Jos&#233; phase&#10;D) Late Preclassic

Accepted Answer

The answer of The emergence of social ranking and status...

Question 12

Images of celestial ancestors on pottery are believed to represent the Earth and Sky, which could express anger in the form of __________.&#10;A) floods and earthquakes&#10;B) earthquakes and lightning&#10;C) lightning and fires&#10;D) floods and lightning

Accepted Answer

The answer of Images of celestial ancestors on pottery are...

Question 13

Monte Alb&#225;n, in the Valley of Oaxaca, became a dominant polity ruled by a(n) __________.&#10;A) warrior caste&#10;B) hereditary elite&#10;C) priest nobles&#10;D) elected king

Accepted Answer

The answer of Monte Alb&#225;n, in the Valley of Oaxaca,...

Question 14

At Teotihuac&#225;n there are pyramids named after the __________.&#10;A) sun and moon&#10;B) earth and sky&#10;C) earth and moon&#10;D) sun and sky

Accepted Answer

The answer of At Teotihuac&#225;n there are pyramids named after...

Question 15

What was the key element in subsistence for Teotihuac&#225;n?&#10;A) farming terraces&#10;B) irrigation farming&#10;C) milpas&#10;D) farming villages surrounding the city

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the key element in subsistence...

Question 16

For the Maya, __________ was a way of structuring the inheritance of property and resources from one generation to the next.&#10;A) a land title&#10;B) a fence&#10;C) a strict kinship system&#10;D) ancestor veneration

Accepted Answer

The answer of For the Maya, __________ was a way...

Question 17

Sacred space for the ancient Maya meant that __________.&#10;A) ancestors and shrines were present in a structure&#10;B) the land a structure was built on was blessed first&#10;C) the architecture of the ritual structures replicated forests, mountains, and caves&#10;D) only the priests could enter certain structures

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sacred space for the ancient Maya meant...

Question 18

Religious events in Maya society were regulated according to a sacred year, or a __________.&#10;A) tzolkin&#10;B) haab&#10;C) zotz&#10;D) cim

Accepted Answer

The answer of Religious events in Maya society were regulated...

Question 19

By examining the occurrence of __________ in ancient Maya polities, epigraphers can help determine which polities were capitals.&#10;A) trading networks&#10;B) pottery&#10;C) emblem glyphs&#10;D) codices

Accepted Answer

The answer of By examining the occurrence of __________ in...

Question 20

__________ headed a multicenter polity that was strengthened by conquest, long-distance trade, and interpolity marriages.&#10;A) Cop&#225;n&#10;B) Monte Alb&#225;n&#10;C) Caracol&#10;D) Tikal

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ headed a multicenter polity that was...

Question 21

More than 2,200 glyphs adorn the face of the Hieroglyphic Stairway located at __________.&#10;A) Tikal&#10;B) Cop&#225;n&#10;C) Caracol&#10;D) Dos Pilas

Accepted Answer

The answer of More than 2,200 glyphs adorn the face...

Question 22

Which of the following civilizations was centered at Tula in the Valley of Mexico?&#10;A) Toltec&#10;B) Olmec&#10;C) Aztec&#10;D) Maya

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following civilizations was centered...

Question 23

Tribute was paid by conquered cities to the __________ elite.&#10;A) Maya&#10;B) Olmec&#10;C) Aztec&#10;D) Toltec

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tribute was paid by conquered cities to...

Question 24

Aztec civilization had its capital at __________.&#10;A) Teotihuac&#225;n&#10;B) Monte Alb&#225;n&#10;C) Tenochtitl&#225;n&#10;D) Cop&#225;n

Accepted Answer

The answer of Aztec civilization had its capital at __________.&#10;A)...

Question 25

Due to Spanish influences, Mesoamerica as a whole lost __________ percent of the indigenous population between A. D. 1520 and 1680.&#10;A) 10 to 15&#10;B) 35 to 45&#10;C) 65 to 75&#10;D) 85 to 95

Accepted Answer

The answer of Due to Spanish influences, Mesoamerica as a...

Question 26

Describe the factors that allowed for the rise of complex society in Oaxaca.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the factors that allowed for the...

Question 27

Describe the relationship between kingship, political organization, and religion in Maya civilization.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the relationship between kingship, political organization,...

Question 28

What were some of the cultural advancements of the Olmec during the Preclassic?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What were some of the cultural advancements...

Question 29

What happened during the 9^th century collapse of the Mayan civilization?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What happened during the 9^th century collapse...

Deck 21: Mesoamerican Civilizations