Deck 22: Andean Civilizations

Question 1

Michael Moseley suggested that civilizations arose on the Peruvian coast by __________.

A) intensive farming
B) raising llamas and alpacas
C) fishing for anchovies
D) the rule of a great king

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The people at __________ were remarkably skillful cotton weavers.

A) Huaca Prieta
B) Caral
C) El Paraíso
D) Huaca Florida

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The oldest of the U-shaped ceremonial complexes is at __________.

A) Huaca Florida
B) El Paraíso
C) Caral
D) Chavín de Huántar

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The leaders of __________ organized the reclamation of the desert by building canals along the steeper areas of the coastal valleys, where the gradients made the diversion of water an easy task

A) Huaca Prieta
B) Huaca Florida
C) Caral
D) El Paraíso

Question 5

__________ art has jaguar motifs (where humans, gods, and animals have jaguar-like fangs or limbs), snakes that flow from the bodies of many figures, and nostrils dripping with mucus from ingesting hallucinogenic substances.

A) Moche
B) Chinchorro
C) Chavín
D) Chiripa

Question 6

Among Peruvianists, which of the following styles is believed to be the "mother culture" for all later Andean civilizations?

A) Moche pottery
B) Chinchorro mummies
C) Paracas textiles
D) Chavín art

Question 7

Andeans made mummies __________.

A) just like in the formal Egyptian manner
B) by disemboweling the corpse and letting it dry in sand
C) by placing the corpse in cool, moist caves
D) by smoking a corpse over a fire

Question 8

The earliest textiles preserved on the coast date to approximately __________, soon after cotton was first cultivated.

A) 4500 B. C.
B) 3500 B. C.
C) 2400 B. C.
D) 1500 B. C.

Question 9

__________, 75 km northwest of Lake Titicaca, was a major center, with a large residential area and an imposing ceremonial complex on a stone-faced terrace; the elite lived on nearby terraces.

A) Chiripa
B) Pukara
C) Nasca
D) Moche

Question 10

The __________ state had begun in northern coastal Peru by 200 B. C., and it flourished for 800 years.

A) Nasca
B) Moche
C) Chinchorro
D) Tiwanaku

Question 11

The spectacular discovery of undisturbed Moche tombs near the village of _________has revolutionized our knowledge of Moche elite.

A) Sipán
B) Cerro Blanco
C) Huaca del Sol
D) Cerro Arena

Question 12

From __________ in the archaeological record we have intimate glances into Moche society: prisoners arriving at a ceremonial center for sacrifice, daily dress for the people, and depictions of the rulers themselves.

A) textiles
B) figurines
C) pottery
D) wall paintings

Question 13

Michael Moseley believes that a series of __________ struck Moche domains in the late sixth century.

A) armed foreigners
B) natural disasters
C) recessions
D) invading sea levels

Question 14

By A.D. 450, __________, on the southern side of Lake Titicaca, was becoming a major population center as well as an economic and religious focus for the region.

A) Tiwanaku
B) Chinchorro
C) Tucumé
D) Chan Chan

Question 15

The culture whose art motifs include pumas and condors, as well as anthropomorphic gods is __________.

A) Chavín
B) Wari
C) Tiwanaku
D) Moche

Question 16

The culture whose art motifs include anthropomorphic feline, eagle, and serpent beings is __________.

A) Moche
B) Chavín
C) Wari
D) Tiwanaku

Question 17

The decline of the Moche in the Lambayeque Valley left somewhat of a vacuum that was filled by the __________ after A. D. 700.

A) Tucumé
B) Sipán
C) Wari
D) Sicán

Question 18

In the __________ society, different metals served as markers of social status and wealth, because people's access to artifacts and ornaments in different ores was carefully limited according to rank.

A) Wari
B) Inca
C) Sicán
D) Chan Chan

Question 19

The focus of the Chimu state was __________, a huge complex of walled compounds lying near the Pacific at the mouth of the Moche Valley; this site covers nearly 4 square miles.

A) Chinchorro
B) Chan Chan
C) Wari
D) Tucumé

Question 20

The Late Horizon of Peruvian archaeology was the shortest, dating from A. D. 1476 to 1534; this is the period of the __________.

A) Chinchorro
B) Moche
C) Inca
D) Chimu

Question 21

Inca society was organized into kin groups (groups claiming a common ancestry and owning land in common) known as __________.

A) pampa
B) ayllu
C) huaca
D) chiampa

Question 22

A leader named __________ rose to power at the beginning of the fifteenth century and about that time, a new religious cult emerged that worshiped Inti.

A) Cusi Inca Yapanqui
B) Huascar
C) Viracocha Inca
D) Atahuallpa

Question 23

All the census and other data of the Inca Empire were recorded on knotted strings called __________.

A) ayllu
B) huaca
C) chinampa
D) quipu

Question 24

At the time of the Spanish Conquest, the Inca controlled the lives of as many as __________ people, most of them living in small villages dispersed around religious and political centers.

A) 500,000
B) 2.5 million
C) 6 million
D) 12 million

Question 25

The Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro captured the Inca ruler __________, collected a huge quantity of gold in ransom, and then brutally murdered him.

A) Cusi Inca Yapanqui
B) Huascar
C) Viracocha Inca
D) Atahuallpa

Question 26

Describe the "maritime foundations of Andean civilization" hypothesis. What kinds of resources does this hypothesis suggest the ancient Andeans exploited?

Question 27

What is the significance of Chavín de Huántar?

Question 28

Explain the details that are known of Moche life from the archaeological record.