Deck 7: Intelligence and Learning

Question 1

The psychometric approach develops and uses IQ tests to assess intelligence with good:

A) Reinforcement
B) Repute
C) Reliability
D) Reputation
E) Reflection

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The hierarchical structure of intelligence is supported by factor analysis, with the top factor being:

A) IQ
B) General intelligence
C) Academic intelligence
D) Academic success
E) Mathematical intelligence

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Criticisms of the psychometric approach include:

A) None of these
B) It does not explain the cognitive base of intelligence
C) It is descriptive rather than explanatory
D) It ignores emotional intelligence
E) All of these

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The information-processing approach focuses on:

A) The brain's structure
B) The brain's processing speed
C) The brain's store of information
D) Male and female brain differences
E) The brain's energy use

Question 5

Stronger support for the information-processing approach comes from:

A) Inspection-time tasks
B) Reaction-time tasks
C) General cognitive tasks
D) Hand-eye coordination tasks
E) Questionnaires

Question 6

A positive criticism of the information-processing approach is that it:

A) Does not explain if processing speed influences intelligence, or vice versa
B) Could avoid culture bias
C) Ignores the presence of many intelligence factors
D) Ignores male/female differences
E) None of these

Question 7

The learning approach to intelligence does not explain:

A) Individual differences in correcting errors
B) Male/female differences
C) Deliberate practice of broad abilities
D) Individual differences in speed of learning
E) Differences in individual motivation

Question 8

Successful intelligence involves:

A) Shaping your environment to suit yourself
B) Selecting or seeking out an environment better suited to yourself
C) Adapting yourself to your environment
D) All of these
E) None of these

Question 9

Criticisms of Gardner's theory include that it:

A) All of these
B) None of these
C) Is subjective with little experimental support
D) Does not exclude general intelligence
E) Assumes individual intelligences are independent

Question 10

Classical conditioning occurs when there is a learned association between the:

A) Conditioned stimulus and unconditioned response
B) Unconditioned and conditioned response
C) Unconditioned stimulus and conditioned response
D) Unconditioned and conditioned stimulus
E) Unconditioned and conditioned response

Question 11

In operant conditioning, the schedule of reinforcement when every nth response is rewarded on average but the gap between two rewarded responses is not equal but may be small or large, is known as:

A) Fixed ratio
B) Variable interval
C) Variable ratio
D) Fixed interval
E) None of these

Question 12

Self-recognition is usually shown by species having encephalisation, i.e. a:

A) Larger cerebral cortex
B) Larger head
C) Larger hind-brain
D) Larger visual cortex
E) Smaller brain

Question 13

Social learning involves:

A) None of these
B) A large executive brain ratio
C) Observational learning
D) Imitation
E) All of these

Question 14

Machiavellian intelligence means being able to:

A) All of these
B) None of these
C) Deceive others
D) Mislead others
E) Manipulate others

Question 15

Ecological explanations for the evolution of the large human brain include:

A) None of these
B) All of these
C) Eating food distributed patchily in an area
D) Searching for food distributed over a wide area
E) Eating food that is difficult to extract

Question 16

Social complexity explanations for the evolution of the large human brain include:

A) The need for more complex mating strategies
B) The need for deception to out-wit others
C) Increasing group size
D) None of these
E) All of these

Question 17

Twin studies show that both genetic and environmental factors are involved in intelligence because the correlation coefficients for identical (MZ) twins raised apart are:

A) Less than those for both fraternal (DZ) twins raised together and for identical twins raised together
B) Greater than those for both fraternal (DZ) twins and for identical twins raised together
C) Greater than those for fraternal (DZ) twins raised together but less than for identical twins raised together
D) Less than those for fraternal (DZ) twins raised together but greater than for identical twins raised together
E) The same as for fraternal (DZ) twins and for identical twins raised apart

Question 18

In recent decades the rapid rise in average IQ in many countries (Flynn effect) is likely to be caused by:

A) Greater occupational complexity and training programmes
B) More years spent in education
C) Better nutrition
D) Greater access to information
E) All of these

Question 19

Lower IQ is linked to environmental factors such as:

A) Larger family size (four or more children)
B) Father not living with the family
C) Mothers' anxieties, rigid attitudes, poorer formal education
D) All of these
E) None of these