Deck 8: Power, Politics, and Identities

Question 1

"Politics" describes ______.

A) federal government
B) democratic governments
C) processes, activities, and institutions related to governance
D) social division

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The term "political identities" refers to ______.

A) differential racial voting blocks
B) voter participation
C) political identities based on social positions and associations
D) populations barred from voting, like convicted felons, barred in most states

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Regional colonial patterns and frontier histories have resulted in ______.

A) distinct regional differences
B) differing wealth distributions
C) unique cultural histories
D) all of these

Answer 3

D

Question 4

In 2016, whites constituted ______ of the projected eligible voters.

A) 50%
B) 90%
C) 70%
D) 25%

Question 5

Which of the following is true regarding political identity?

A) Blacks and Hispanics living in the South and Northeast are more likely to view reality through the lens of race.
B) Whites do not typically view themselves racially.
C) All groups of people living in the West are more likely to view themselves through the lens of social class.
D) both "blacks and Hispanics living in the South and Northeast are more likely to view reality through the lens of race" and "all groups of people living in the West are more likely to view themselves through the lens of social class"

Question 6

This type of law revokes a person's right to vote.

A) law of naturalization
B) criminal penalty law
C) disenfranchisement
D) institutionalization

Question 7

Which of the following is a characteristic of people who are disenfranchised in the United States?

A) They have a criminal conviction.
B) They have dual citizenship.
C) They are members of minority groups.
D) both "they have a criminal conviction" and "they are members of minority groups"

Question 8

In 2010 how many people were disenfranchised?

A) about 3 million
B) about 4 million
C) about 7 million
D) about 6 million

Question 9

In this state the disenfranchisement is more than 20% for African Americans.

A) California
B) Kentucky
C) Virginia
D) both Kentucky and Virginia

Question 10

Which characteristic is associated with voting eligible non-voters?

A) They have the lowest levels of education.
B) They are from the middle class.
C) They work in the white collar sector.
D) They are black women.

Question 11

In the 2016 presidential election, which voting block was the most likely to vote?

A) white men
B) white women
C) black men
D) black women

Question 12

Which of the following voting patterns occurred in the 2016 presidential election?

A) The majority of women voted for Clinton.
B) The majority of men voted for Trump.
C) Sixty-seven percent of whites without a college degree voted for Trump.
D) all of these

Question 13

This is the study of government, political behaviors, institutions, and processes that occur between the state, society, and its citizens.

A) political sociology
B) institutional sociology
C) community sociology
D) none of these

Question 14

This posits that power within society is decentralized, widely shared, diffuse, and fragmented.

A) power elite
B) pluralism
C) disenfranchisement
D) class approach to power

Question 15

Which of the following groups is associated with the pluralistic model of power?

A) insider group
B) outsider group
C) tertiary group
D) both "insider group" and "outsider group"

Question 16

Within the pluralistic model to power this group holds the bulk of the power.

A) insider group
B) outsider group
C) tertiary group
D) both "insider group" and "outsider group"

Question 17

Within the pluralistic model to power this group has limited power.

A) insider group
B) outsider group
C) tertiary group
D) both "outsider group" and "tertiary group"

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a current political insider group that was an outsider group in the past?

A) Catholics
B) LGBT
C) women
D) all of these

Question 19

This model of power suggests that power is concentrated among a discrete group of elites who control the resources of significant social institutions.

A) pluralistic model of power
B) power elite model
C) class approach model
D) plutocracy model

Question 20

Elites within the power elite model consist of members from this group.

A) political leaders
B) heads of major corporations
C) high ranking military professionals
D) all of these

Question 21

This approach to power assumes that the type of economic system a society has determines the kind of political processes.

A) class approach to power
B) power elite model
C) pluralistic model
D) politico model

Question 22

Which of the following is a tradition derived from the class approach model to power?

A) instrumentalist
B) structuralist
C) credentialist
D) both "instrumentalist" and "structuralist"

Question 23

In this tradition, within the class approach to power perspective, the state is viewed as being an economic class that controls both the political and economic spheres.

A) instrumentalist
B) structuralism
C) credentialism
D) meritocrary

Question 24

In this tradition, within the class approach to power perspective, it is posited that the state and all political institutions exist relatively independent of each other and are essentially a byproduct of conflict between and within class groups.

A) instrumentalist
B) structuralism
C) credentialism
D) meritocracy

Question 25

This type of theory is an attempt by scholars and activists to transform the relationship between race, racism, and power.

A) critical race theorist
B) symbolic race theory
C) functionalist race theory
D) rational race theory

Question 26

Which of the following is a theme within critical race theory?

A) reinterpretation of stock sociopolitical theories
B) challenging stock sociopolitical theories
C) rejecting stock sociopolitical theories
D) all of these

Question 27

This critical race theorist coined the term "intersectionality."

A) Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw
B) W.E.B. DuBois
C) Patricia Hill Collins
D) Arlie Hochschild

Question 28

This is a political process or structure that relies on people of specific religions, racial and ethnic groups, or social backgrounds to form exclusive political alliances.

A) identity politics
B) class approach
C) stratification
D) gentrification

Question 29

This is defined as the ability to acquire scarce resources.

A) ability
B) self-efficacy
C) power
D) credentialism

Question 30

Which of the following resources is always more scarce than others in the United States?

A) housing
B) access to education
C) access to employment
D) all of these

Question 31

During the 18th century, which of the following colonies was a staunch supporter of slavery?

A) Maryland
B) Virginia
C) Georgia
D) all of these

Question 32

What type of southern crop was dependent on slave labor for profitability?

A) cotton
B) rice
C) tobacco
D) all of these

Question 33

This is a term used to describe the practice of sorting and ranking geographic areas for the purpose of determining mortgage lending for minority members.

A) districting
B) redlining
C) gentrification
D) suburbanization

Question 34

What did "grandfather clauses" following the Civil War permit?

A) a person to vote who also had a grandfather who was permitted to vote
B) granted land to Africans who had grandfathers who were slaves
C) granted the right to vote to Africans whose grandfathers were slaves
D) none of these

Question 35

This de jure law, following the Civil War, required a person seeking to vote to read and interpret a section of the state constitution to the county court.

A) literacy test
B) educational test
C) political understanding test
D) comprehension test

Question 36

Which of the following is an example of a de jure law following the Civil War?

A) poll taxes
B) grandfather clauses
C) literacy tests
D) all of these

Question 37

Jim Crow laws in the south represent ______.

A) civil liberties
B) de facto laws
C) de jure laws
D) civil rights

Question 38

In the later part of the 20th century, miscegenation was an example of a ______.

A) civil liberty
B) de facto law
C) de jure law
D) civil right

Question 39

______ refers to political practices and processes that although not enshrined into laws, were carried out in practice by various entities.

A) De facto
B) Intentional
C) De jure
D) Defunct

Question 40

______ refers to political practices and processes that were enacted as formal laws.

A) De facto
B) Intentional
C) De jure
D) Defunct

Question 41

This was a social consequence of the 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act.

A) Immigrants of all nationalities were accepted on roughly equal terms.
B) Immigration from the Middle East was limited.
C) Immigration from China was limited.
D) none of these

Question 42

What year was the National Origin's Formula replaced with the Nationality Act?

A) 1952
B) 1931
C) 1965
D) 1922

Question 43

What did the National Origin's Formula do?

A) set annual quotas on immigration
B) gave suggestions for immigrant housing options
C) put limitations on occupations for immigrants
D) none of these

Question 44

What was the first group that was targeted by anti-immigration sentiments in the United States?

A) Chinese
B) Irish
C) German
D) Scottish

Question 45

Which U.S. historical event attracted more than 25,000 Chinese immigrants to the United States?

A) Gold Rush
B) Civil War
C) Revolutionary War
D) Slavery

Question 46

When were Native Americans granted citizenship?

A) 1803
B) 1905
C) 1924
D) 1965

Question 47

How many treaties did the United States ratify with various Native American tribes?

A) 90
B) 290
C) 390
D) 590

Question 48

Prior to gaining citizenship, Native Americans ______.

A) did not pay taxes
B) were not able to vote
C) negotiated treaties with the U.S. government
D) all of these are correct

Question 49

Which of the following is true regarding Native American citizenship?

A) Native Americans did not become citizens until 1935.
B) Prior to 1924 Native Americans were considered sovereign nationals.
C) Native Americans rejected American citizenship.
D) Native Americans lived outside the borders of the United States.

Question 50

The 1790 Naturalization Act excluded ______.

A) Asians from citizenship
B) enslaved Africans from citizenship
C) women from citizenship
D) all of these

Question 51

The 1790 Naturalization Act ______.

A) granted citizenship to "free white aliens" with two years' residence
B) denied citizenship to women
C) granted citizenship to slaves
D) both "granted citizenship to 'free white aliens' with two years' residence" and "denied citizenship to women"

Question 52

This reflects the legal process countries use to regulate national identity, membership, and rights.

A) naturalization
B) citizenship
C) stratification
D) supplication

Question 53

The Great Compromise of 1787 determined that slaves counted as _____ of a person toward political representation.

A) 1/2
B) 1/4
C) 3/5
D) 3/4

Question 54

Which contemporary body of government was created by the Great Compromise of 1787?

A) the House of Representatives
B) the Senate
C) the Judiciary
D) both the House of Representatives and the Senate

Question 55

Political identities have historically been a means by which non-dominant groups can resist and transform politics.

Question 56

The 2016 electorate increased by about 10% compared to the previous presidential election.

Question 57

Many of today's insider political groups were considered outsider political groups in the past.

Question 58

The original intent of political government in the United States was to diminish the conflict between the "haves and have-nots."

Question 59

Black men and women gained the right to vote following the Civil War.

Question 60

Women did not gain the right to vote until 1920.

Question 61

In 1965 Filipino and Latino groups banded together in a strike against grape growers.

Question 62

Cesar Chavez was the leader of the National Farm Workers Association.

Question 63

Agency is the ability to effect change, to act independently, and to exercise free choices.

Question 64

Boycotts are involuntary acts of protest where individuals or groups refuse to purchase, invest, or interact with corporations, nations, or persons in an effort to punish or coerce.

Question 65

Discuss the intersectional relationship between voting behaviors and education levels.

Question 66

Within the power elite model, power is concentrated among a discrete group of elites who control resources. Discuss a contemporary example of how this has affected society.

Question 67

Explain the significance of the Great Compromise of 1787.

Question 68

Discuss how disenfranchisement laws perpetuate racial inequalities.

Question 69

Discuss the intersection of race and gender in U.S. political history.