Deck 5: Health, Medicine, and Health Care

Question 1

What percentage of American Indians and Alaska Native do not live on reservations?

A) 50
B) 70
C) 95
D) 10

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is a health disparity found between low and high income populations?

A) quality of health care
B) access to health care
C) care coordination
D) all of these

Answer 2

D

Question 3

African Americans and Mexican Americans have a higher rate of this disease compared to whites.

A) diabetes, type 2
B) heart disease
C) anxiety
D) both "diabetes, type 2" and "heart disease"

Answer 3

D

Question 4

This refers to the number of deaths in a given population.

A) mortality
B) morbidity
C) fecundity
D) death index

Question 5

To garner greater support for access to contraception, Margaret Sanger ______.

A) advanced eugenics ideologies to argue that birth control would benefit white society
B) was a strong supporter of racial justice
C) refuted racist and xenophobic rhetoric
D) encouraged white women to have more children

Question 6

______ consists of indigenous knowledge, skills, and practices that have been passed down over generations.

A) Shamanism
B) Traditional medicine
C) Witchcraft
D) Voodoo

Question 7

The National Black Women's Health Project was formed ______.

A) to situate Black women's health within the larger context of race and class inequality
B) as part of a legacy of black women's activism in the face of exclusion and racism from the first wave of the women's movement
C) to ensure rights to contraception, family planning, and freedom from forced sterilization
D) all of these

Question 8

This is a way that traditional healers differ from conventional medical practice.

A) They recognize the relationship between people and nature.
B) They may focus on healing the person rather than just the illness.
C) They use herbs.
D) all of these

Question 9

Which of the following is true of traditional healers?

A) The World Health Organization recognizes their importance.
B) They are respected by the American Medical Association.
C) They have provided much of our current understanding of the medicinal qualities of plans and herbs.
D) both "the World Health Organization recognizes their importance" and "they have provided much of our current understanding of the medicinal qualities of plans and herbs"

Question 10

Which of the following is true of the institution of medicine?

A) Prior to the middle of the 19th century medicine did not exist as an institutionalized discipline.
B) The establishment of the American Medical Association was an attempt to legitimize medical doctors.
C) Medical doctors have always worked in conjunction with traditional healers.
D) both "prior to the middle of the 19th century medicine did not exist as an institutionalized discipline" and "the establishment of the American Medical Association was an attempt to legitimize medical doctors"

Question 11

By 1900, how many medical schools were open to educating black physicians?

A) 3
B) 7
C) 11
D) 19

Question 12

Prior to World War II, how many black physicians graduated annually in the United States?

A) 250
B) 20
C) 175
D) 120

Question 13

What year were hospitals desegregated?

A) 1954
B) 1973
C) 1964
D) 1970

Question 14

Which of the following might be a social consequence of the lack of minority physicians in the United States?

A) better health care
B) minority patients feeling unable to relate to their health care providers
C) minority patients feeling as though they can relate to their health care providers
D) none of these

Question 15

The process of natural selection was explained by ______.

A) Gregory Mendel
B) Charles Darwin
C) Alexander Burns
D) Adolf Hitler

Question 16

Which sociologist coined the phrase "survival of the fittest" in 1864?

A) Herbert Spencer
B) Karl Marx
C) W.E.B. DuBois
D) Émile Durkheim

Question 17

Who coined the term "eugenics"?

A) Herbert Spencer
B) Gregory Mendel
C) Francis Galton
D) Charles Darwin

Question 18

Which city legalized an "Ugly Law" in 1911?

A) New York City
B) Dallas
C) Chicago
D) San Francisco

Question 19

What condition was included under the Immigration Law of 1891?

A) pregnancy
B) poverty
C) lack of morals
D) all of these

Question 20

Which of the following is true of the Immigration Law of 1891?

A) Pregnancy was considered a reason for deportation.
B) Poverty was considered a reason for deportation.
C) IQ tests were used.
D) all of these

Question 21

Which eugenicist published the Trait Book in 1912?

A) Charles Davenport
B) Charles Darwin
C) Gregor Mendel
D) Francis Galton

Question 22

How many U.S. states adopted laws allowing eugenic sterilizations?

A) 15
B) 42
C) 21
D) 33

Question 23

This is the U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld Virginia's law requiring the sterilization of those deemed "socially inadequate" and living on government support in 1927.

A) Buck v. Bell
B) Loving and Loving vs. Virginia
C) Plessy v. Ferguson
D) Brown v. Board of Education

Question 24

Which U.S. state led the way in the forced sterilization of "mental defectives" by 1963?

A) Pennsylvania
B) Texas
C) Ohio
D) California

Question 25

Which leader was strongly influenced by the eugenics movement?

A) Gandhi
B) Hitler
C) Stalin
D) Mao

Question 26

"Conversion therapy" was intended to change ______.

A) political affiliation
B) mental illness
C) sexual orientation
D) miscegenation

Question 27

Women of color are overrepresented in this occupation.

A) nursing
B) nursing assistant
C) home healthcare worker
D) both "nursing assistant" and "home healthcare worker"

Question 28

Which social characteristic is correlated with body weight?

A) social class
B) race
C) religion
D) both "social class" and "race"

Question 29

Which of the following is true about home health care workers?

A) Some lack the protection of a guaranteed minimum wage.
B) All home health care workers are guaranteed overtime pay.
C) They receive standard benefit packages.
D) Less than 50% are women.

Question 30

Which of the following illustrates the health consequences of growing up in poverty?

A) Poor nutrition in childhood affects cognitive development.
B) Childhood poverty is correlated with experiencing depression and anxiety.
C) environmental risk factors
D) all of these

Question 31

This is the incidence of illness in a given population.

A) mortality
B) morbidity
C) miscegenation
D) fecundity

Question 32

If a sociologist was studying the prevalence of HIV/AIDS among minority men in Chicago, the focus of the study would be on ______.

A) morbidity
B) mortality
C) sexual orientation
D) miscegenation

Question 33

If a sociologist wanted to compare the number of deaths caused by AIDS in 1970s to those caused by AIDS in the 1990s, then the study would be focused on ______.

A) morbidity
B) mortality
C) sexual orientation
D) miscegenation

Question 34

Which group experiences fewer preterm births compared to blacks?

A) whites
B) Asians
C) Pacific Islanders
D) all of these

Question 35

Who was the first sociologist to recognize the impact of stress on health?

A) Émile Durkheim
B) W.E.B. DuBois
C) Karl Marx
D) Herbert Spencer

Question 36

These are brief, verbal, nonverbal, and behavioral insults to a person or group, whether intentional or unintentional.

A) racist acts
B) microaggressions
C) interpersonal conflicts
D) none of these

Question 37

Which of the following is true of microaggressions?

A) They are a form of psychological stressor tied specifically to one's identity as a member of an oppressed group.
B) Their impact comes from their cumulative nature.
C) Their impact comes from the intention of the person.
D) both "they are a form of psychological stressor tied specifically to one's identity as a member of an oppressed group" and "their impact comes from their cumulative nature"

Question 38

The experience of this has been likened to the cumulative experience of getting paper cuts every day.

A) overt racism
B) institutional racism
C) colorblind racism
D) microaggressions

Question 39

Who was the founding president of the Black Psychiatrists of America?

A) Chester Pierce
B) Emit Wallace
C) Pat Collins
D) Walter White

Question 40

Who defined microaggressions as the brief, verbal, nonverbal, and behavioral insults to a person or group, whether intentional or unintentional?

A) Chester Pierce
B) Emit Wallace
C) Pat Collins
D) Walter White

Question 41

Research has shown this social factor to be correlated with mortality rates.

A) low education
B) low social support
C) poverty
D) all of these

Question 42

This was a mental illness invented to explain why slaves tried to escape slavery.

A) drapetomania
B) slavitis
C) freedom fever
D) none of these

Question 43

______ described drapetomania in his book Diseases and Peculiarities of the Negro in 1851.

A) Émile Durkheim
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Samuel Cartwright
D) Karl Marx

Question 44

The mental illness of drapetomania was only experienced by ______.

A) refugees
B) slaves
C) immigrants
D) victims of domestic violence

Question 45

What is considered the best known medical experiment of a minority group in the United States?

A) Prison Experiment
B) Tuskegee Syphilis Study
C) Forced Sterilization Study
D) Frontal Lobotomy Study

Question 46

Which of the following is true regarding the sample used in the Tuskegee Syphilis Study?

A) They were all poor men.
B) The men were from Alabama.
C) The experimental group was never informed that they had syphilis.
D) all of these

Question 47

Which of the following was true in the Tuskegee Syphilis Study?

A) The study's doctors withheld penicillin.
B) At least one fourth of the study participants died from untreated syphilis, when treatment options existed.
C) None of the participants died.
D) both "the study's doctors withheld penicillin" and "at least one fourth of the study participants died from untreated syphilis, when treatment options existed"

Question 48

In 1899 this sociologist observed that poor people of color and poor whites faced different living conditions that had an impact on their health.

A) Karl Marx
B) Herbert Spencer
C) W.E.B. Dubois
D) Max Weber

Question 49

Which of the following is more likely to be located in poor and minority neighborhoods?

A) landfills
B) incinerators
C) waste sites
D) all of these

Question 50

Which of the following is considered an environmental risk factor for health?

A) exposure to asbestos
B) exposure to lead
C) unsafe playgrounds
D) all of these

Question 51

What is one of the impacts of childhood lead poisoning?

A) decreased IQ
B) permanent behavioral changes
C) organ damage
D) all of these

Question 52

This refers to the distribution of health issues and health determinants in a population.

A) epidemiology
B) fecundity
C) morbidity
D) neo-mortality

Question 53

What type of study would be concerned with the correlation of race and class with different types of infectious illnesses?

A) participant observation
B) content analysis
C) epidemiology
D) social experiment

Question 54

What year was the Human Genome Project launched?

A) 1985
B) 1995
C) 1990
D) 1998

Question 55

What was one of the intentions of the Human Genome Project?

A) to identify genetic susceptibility for certain genetic disorders
B) to develop cures and treatments for genetic disorders
C) to further classify disabilities
D) both "to identify genetic susceptibility for certain genetic disorders" and "to develop cures and treatments for genetic disorders"

Question 56

How many Native American tribes are currently recognized by the U.S. government and are entitled to health care?

A) 210
B) 354
C) 450
D) 560

Question 57

This women was arrested and jailed for opening the first birth control clinic in the United States in 1916.

A) Harriet Steadman
B) Margaret Sanger
C) Gloria Steinem
D) Patricia Collins

Question 58

Medical sociology is the analysis of the field and practice of medicine.

Question 59

Health and illness are not simply biological phenomena, but social phenomena as well.

Question 60

Black women are much more likely to die from breast cancer than white women.

Question 61

During the 19th century slaves were regularly used for medical experimentation.

Question 62

Over the course of the 19th and 20th centuries, average life expectancy has about doubled.

Question 63

As individual wealth increases, health decreases.

Question 64

One out of ten Native Americans have diabetes.

Question 65

People categorized as belonging to the same race have very little in common genetically or biologically.

Question 66

Margaret Sanger employed eugenics rhetoric in her fight for contraception.

Question 67

Reproductive justice addresses the social reality of inequality, specifically, the inequality of opportunities that we have to control our reproductive destiny.

Question 68

Discuss a potential social implication of the Human Genome Project.

Question 69

How might you explain the health disparities between whites and minorities?

Question 70

How do the authors explain the invention of homosexuality?

Question 71

Explain the epidemiological paradox that explains the seemingly better health of Latino/as and Asian Americans.

Question 72

Using information from the reading, discuss some of the potential impacts of racial segregation on health outcomes.