Deck 1: What Is Public Health

Question 1

A renewed interest on the social determinants of health is a hallmark of which public health era in the United States?

A) Public Health 1.0
B) Public Health 2.0
C) Public Health 3.0
D) All of these are correct.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Match each Essential Service with its appropriate core function:
-Assessment Core Function

A) Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety.
B) Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems.
C) Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community.
D) Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Match each Essential Service with its appropriate core function:
-Policy Development Core Function

A) Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety.
B) Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems.
C) Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community.
D) Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Match each Essential Service with its appropriate core function:
-Assurance Core Function

A) Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety.
B) Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems.
C) Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community.
D) Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems.

Question 5

Match each Essential Service with its appropriate core function:
-Cross Cutting Core Function

A) Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety.
B) Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems.
C) Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community.
D) Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems.

Question 6

Which of the following statements characterizes an important difference between public health and most other professions?

A) Education and training beyond the undergraduate (college) level is not available for public health.
B) Large professional organizations do not exist for public health.
C) Public health professionals work only in the public sector.
D) Public health professionals don't share common academic preparation, but share a commitment to improved population health.

Question 7

In which form of justice are collective actions leading to the assumption of additional burdens often necessary in order to assure the fair distribution of societal benefits?

A) Market justice
B) Judicial justice
C) Social justice
D) Individual justice

Question 8

Public health was characterized as fulfilling society's interest in assuring conditions in which people could be healthy by:

A) U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Healthy People 2020.
B) Institute of Medicine in The Future of Public Health.
C) C.E.A. Winslow.
D) Sir Geoffrey Vickers.

Question 9

Between 1900 and 2000, the crude infectious disease mortality rate in the United States:

A) remained unchanged.
B) declined by about 50%.
C) declined by about 90%.
D) increased slightly due to the emergence of HIV infections.

Question 10

Which of these domains of determinants of health is included in the social-ecological model of determinants of health?

A) Living and working conditions
B) Social, family, and community networks
C) Individual behavior
D) All of these options are included.

Question 11

The cholera epidemic of 1854 disproportionately affected lower social classes in London.

Question 12

Based on a quick scan of Internet web sites, which of these organizations is most closely affiliated with local public health agencies across the United States?

A) NACCHO
B) ASTHO
C) APHA
D) CDC

Question 13

Which of the following had the greatest impact on average life expectancy in the United States between 1900 and 2000?

A) Vaccinations for infectious diseases
B) Improvements in sanitation and hygiene
C) Advances in medical care technology
D) Health education

Question 14

Protection of the U.S. blood supply was responsible for preventing 1.5 million cases of which of the following?

A) HIV
B) Hepatitis B
C) Tuberculosis
D) Syphilis

Question 15

Match each person with his contribution to Public Health:
-C.-E.A Winslow

A) First to successfully use vaccines
B) Traced outbreak of cholera to common water pump
C) Issued Report of the Sanitary Commission of Massachusetts
D) Recognized the link between poverty and health
E) Classically defined public health

Question 16

Match each person with his contribution to Public Health:
-John Snow

A) First to successfully use vaccines
B) Traced outbreak of cholera to common water pump
C) Issued Report of the Sanitary Commission of Massachusetts
D) Recognized the link between poverty and health
E) Classically defined public health

Question 17

Match each person with his contribution to Public Health:
-Edwin Chadwick

A) First to successfully use vaccines
B) Traced outbreak of cholera to common water pump
C) Issued Report of the Sanitary Commission of Massachusetts
D) Recognized the link between poverty and health
E) Classically defined public health

Question 18

Match each person with his contribution to Public Health:
-Edward Jenner

A) First to successfully use vaccines
B) Traced outbreak of cholera to common water pump
C) Issued Report of the Sanitary Commission of Massachusetts
D) Recognized the link between poverty and health
E) Classically defined public health

Question 19

Match each person with his contribution to Public Health:
-Lemuel Shattuck

A) First to successfully use vaccines
B) Traced outbreak of cholera to common water pump
C) Issued Report of the Sanitary Commission of Massachusetts
D) Recognized the link between poverty and health
E) Classically defined public health

Question 20

Which of the following are characteristic features of public health? (Check all that apply.)

A) Social justice philosophy
B) Prevention is prime strategy
C) Treatment is prime strategy
D) Grounded in ethics
E) Inherently ethical nature F) Inherently political nature
G) Grounded in science
H) Complete and well-defined agenda
I) Multidisciplinary culture

Question 21

Rank the following in chronological order from earliest to most recent.

A) First successful use of vaccines
B) Traced outbreak of cholera to common water pump
C) Issued Report of the Sanitary Commission of Massachusetts
D) Recognition of the link between poverty and health
E) Classical definition of public health

Question 22

If trends through 1965 continued until today, the world would have 50 million more of which of the following?

A) Alcohol abusers
B) Drug users
C) Smokers
D) AIDS victims

Question 23

Philadelphia created its first board of health in 1783 due to an outbreak of which of the following?

A) Yellow fever
B) Cholera
C) Tuberculosis
D) Diphtheria

Question 24

Which of the following diseases was totally eradicated by 1977 due to vaccinations?

A) Tuberculosis
B) Polio
C) Smallpox
D) Cholera

Question 25

Which of the following authored the 1850 report that became America's roadmap for development of a public health system?

A) Lemuel Shattuck
B) Edward Jenner
C) Edwin Chadwick
D) C.-E. A. Winslow

Question 26

Which of the following is the mission of public health according to Public Health in America?

A) Healthy People in Healthy Communities
B) Promote Physical and Mental Health and Prevent Disease, Injury, and Disability
C) Prevent Epidemics and the Spread of Disease
D) Monitor Health Status to Identify Community Health Problems

Question 27

Which of the following is an abstract concept that determines how each member of society is allocated his or her fair share of collective burdens and benefits?

A) Class
B) Science
C) Race
D) Justice

Question 28

Edwin Chadwick believed that disease was the cause of which of the following social situations?

A) Racism
B) Hunger
C) Poverty
D) Slavery

Question 29

Smoke free laws, fluoridation of drinking water, and fortification of flour with folic acid are examples of which type of public health intervention?

A) Addressing socio-economic factors
B) Changing the context to make the default decision healthy
C) Long-lasting protective interventions
D) Clinical interventions

Question 30

Match each intervention below with the kind of prevention it represents:
-Blood pressure screening

A) Primary Prevention
B) Secondary Prevention
C) Tertiary Prevention
D) Primary or Secondary Prevention

Question 31

Match each intervention below with the kind of prevention it represents:
-Vaccinations

A) Primary Prevention
B) Secondary Prevention
C) Tertiary Prevention
D) Primary or Secondary Prevention

Question 32

Match each intervention below with the kind of prevention it represents:
-Colonoscopy for cancer screening

A) Primary Prevention
B) Secondary Prevention
C) Tertiary Prevention
D) Primary or Secondary Prevention

Question 33

Match each intervention below with the kind of prevention it represents:
-Cholesterol-lowering treatment for heart attack survivors

A) Primary Prevention
B) Secondary Prevention
C) Tertiary Prevention
D) Primary or Secondary Prevention

Question 34

A hospital CEO advocating with local politicians to adopt clean indoor air laws is an example of an activity in which "bucket" of prevention?

A) Increased use of evidence-based clinical services
B) Providing clinical services outside of the clinical setting
C) Implementing preventive interventions that reach whole populations
D) Primary prevention

Question 35

Which of the following events had the greatest impact on crude death rates in the United States in the 20^th century?

A) World War II
B) The HIV/AIDS Epidemic
C) The polio epidemics of the 1950s
D) The influenza pandemic of 1918-1919

Question 36

Combining surveillance data on the types of influenza viruses circulating in wild birds, in farm animals, and people is an example of which public health approach?

A) The One Health initiative
B) The Socio-Ecologic Model
C) Primary Prevention
D) Environmental Health

Question 37

Which of the following could not be considered part of the broader public health system?

A) A professional sports franchise
B) A community college
C) A state department of transportation
D) A community foundation
E) None of these are correct.

Question 38

Which of the following interventions likely have the greatest impact to improve the health of the population in the long run?

A) Individual counseling to improve diet and exercise
B) Treatment for everyone with high blood pressure
C) Universal safe and affordable housing for everyone
D) Smoke free laws

Question 39

Which of the following factors in favor of taking a public health action are likely to result in the greatest chances of success if the action is implemented?

A) Advocacy for a specific action by a single issue, interest group
B) Evidence of efficacy and effectiveness of the action in many peer-reviewed articles
C) The success of the action in a single community
D) Anecdotal evidence of the success of the action

Question 40

In public health, the "pump handle" is a metaphor for which of the following?

A) Discovering the cause of a public health problem
B) Convincing policy makers to take an action to protect the public health
C) Removing the source of a public health problem
D) Assuring a safe drinking water supply