Deck 5: Imperialism and Its Survivors

Question 1

A superior-inferior relationship in which one state controls the people and territory of another state is

A) Sovereignty.
B) Imperialism.
C) Democracy.
D) Communism.

Answer 1

Imperialism.

Question 2

A European home country in relation to its colonies is called

A) Metropole.
B) Sovereign.
C) Proliferation.
D) None of the above.

Answer 2

Metropole.

Question 3

What invention allowed sailors to plot direction by use of the stars?

A) Telescope
B) Telegraph
C) Sextant
D) Compass

Answer 3

Sextant

Question 4

What was Christopher Columbus attempting to discover?

A) North America
B) Africa
C) An alternate route to Siberia
D) An alternate route to Asia

Question 5

Bartholomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama were explorers from which country?

A) Portugal
B) Spain
C) The Netherlands
D) France

Question 6

What was one of the most fundamental distinctions among European empires?

A) Some explored via sea routes, whereas others used land routes.
B) Some emphasized territorial acquisition, whereas others concentrated on controlling trade routes.
C) Some were trying to find alternate access to Asia, whereas others were looking for the Americas.
D) None of the above.

Question 7

The treaty that drew an imaginary line to divide the world between Spain and Portugal in 1494 was the

A) Treaty of New Orleans.
B) Spanish-Portuguese Treaty of 1494.
C) Treaty of Tordesillas.
D) Treaty of Madrid.

Question 8

The Spanish Empire in the New World emphasized

A) Trade routes.
B) Spices and animals.
C) Indigenous goods.
D) Acquisition of territory.

Question 9

Hernan Cortes defeated

A) The Aztecs in Mexico.
B) The Incas of Peru.
C) The indigenous population of Chile.
D) All of the above.

Question 10

In Spanish-controlled areas of the New World, who did most of the direct work of governing?

A) The monarchy in Spain
B) A large bureaucracy
C) The indigenous population
D) The explorers

Question 11

The role of Spanish possessions in the New World was to

A) Enrich the mother country.
B) Provide safe haven for Spanish citizens.
C) Provide prestige among its neighbors.
D) All of the above.

Question 12

Most of the Portuguese Empire was based on

A) Occupying territory.
B) Assimilating the population.
C) Trading.
D) Mining.

Question 13

Spain prevented its colonies from doing what with other countries?

A) Negotiating
B) Trading
C) Mining
D) Talking

Question 14

Rebellion broke out in Spain and Spanish colonies as a result of

A) The Napoleonic Wars.
B) World War I.
C) The Concert of Europe.
D) The French domination of South America.

Question 15

Which country encouraged the struggle for independence in the Spanish colonies?

A) France
B) Germany.
C) The Netherlands
D) Great Britain

Question 16

The "Great Liberator" was

A) Mahatma Gandhi.
B) Simón Bolívar.
C) Dom Joao.
D) Dom Pedro.

Question 17

Dom Pedro bowed to domestic and social pressure and peacefully announced the independence of which Latin American country?

A) Chile
B) Argentina
C) Brazil
D) Colombia

Question 18

The Dutch Empire began with the founding of

A) The Dutch East India Company.
B) The Dutch North America Trading Company.
C) The Dutch Trading Company.
D) None of the above.

Question 19

The real wealth of the Dutch colonial empire came from

A) Gold.
B) Silver.
C) Spices.
D) Coffee.

Question 20

The Dutch cities of Amsterdam, the Hague, and Rotterdam became

A) The financial centers of European trade.
B) Overrun with explorers.
C) The centers of European culture.
D) None of the above.

Question 21

The key event in the waning of power of the Dutch Empire was

A) The Napoleonic Wars.
B) World War I.
C) The Concert of Europe.
D) The French domination of South America.

Question 22

In the struggle for colonies, which country had to devote a large amount of its resources to a standing army?

A) Great Britain
B) France
C) Both Britain and France
D) Neither Britain nor France

Question 23

The early French Empire collapsed as a result of the

A) Napoleonic Wars.
B) World War I.
C) Seven Years' War.
D) War of the Spanish Succession.

Question 24

France sold what territory to the United States in 1804?

A) Louisiana
B) Texas
C) Newfoundland
D) Florida

Question 25

The French saw their role as bringing what to backward peoples?

A) Money
B) Culture and civilization
C) Food and clean water
D) Affordable housing

Question 26

The "scramble for Africa" in the 1880s involved all the following countries except

A) Great Britain.
B) France.
C) Germany.
D) Sweden.

Question 27

Cecil Rhodes founded which company?

A) DeBeers
B) Zales
C) Exxon
D) Texaco

Question 28

The Boer War began as a conflict over

A) Diamonds discovered in the Congo.
B) Lucrative silver mines in the East Indies.
C) Huge deposits of gold in the Transvaal.
D) Opium in China.

Question 29

Mahatma Gandhi's "Quit India" campaign persuaded Britain that

A) Control of India could not be maintained.
B) There were no longer valuable resources in India.
C) The Indian people wanted Britain to continue its colonial presence.
D) None of the above.

Question 30

Mahatma means

A) Freedom fighter.
B) Great soul.
C) Savoir.
D) Nonviolent.

Question 31

The decolonization of the British Empire was

A) Violent and bloody.
B) Characterized by a series of quagmires around the globe.
C) Generally peaceful.
D) Lost through a series of wars with France.

Question 32

The result of Russia's desire to stay economically and culturally isolated was

A) Its territorial acquisition remained limited.
B) It advanced politically and economically faster than other European powers.
C) It was the shortest lived of the great empires.
D) It remained the least advanced of the major empires in terms of technology and economic and political organization.

Question 33

Russia became firmly established as a European power when Russian forces were instrumental in the defeat of Napoleon, and Russia played a critical role in

A) The establishment of the United Nations.
B) The establishment of the Concert of Europe.
C) The establishment of the Bismarckian alliance system.
D) The establishment of the European Community.

Question 34

The Russian defeats in the Crimean War and the Russo-Japanese War

A) Resulted in the overthrow of the tsar.
B) Were directly followed by the Bolshevik Revolution.
C) Spurred economic and political reforms.
D) All of the above.

Question 35

Russian influence over world politics peaked during

A) World War I.
B) The Napoleonic Wars.
C) World War II.
D) The Cold War.

Question 36

The Russian Empire's bequest to the contemporary world is remarkably small as a result of Russia's

A) Lack of natural defenses.
B) Difficulty of communications with far-flung provinces.
C) Vulnerability to invasion.
D) All of the above.

Question 37

Until the end of the nineteenth century, the United States resisted overseas expansion and instead focused on

A) Developing the western frontier.
B) Acquiring parts of Canada.
C) Developing the eastern seaboard.
D) All of the above.

Question 38

The type of empire in which political and economic development was controlled de facto without direct colonial rule was called a(n)

A) Formal empire.
B) Informal empire.
C) De jure empire.
D) Uncontrolled empire.

Question 39

The best case of the "overextension" of American power in the 1960s is

A) Nicaragua.
B) Guatemala.
C) South Vietnam.
D) Korea.

Question 40

The Ottoman expansion into the Balkans was facilitated by

A) Social disorganization and fragmentation.
B) Serb support.
C) Hungarian assistance.
D) Russian assistance.

Question 41

The decline of the Ottoman Empire was caused by

A) Attacks from Russia and Austria.
B) A rebellion in Serbia in 1804.
C) The fact that the social, educational, and technical obstructions to modernization were too difficult to overcome.
D) All of the above.

Question 42

The Ottoman Empire

A) Dissolved in World War II.
B) Dissolved in World War I.
C) Dissolved during the Cold War.
D) Exists in the twenty-first century.

Question 43

Neither the Germans nor the Japanese were effective in creating permanent colonial structures largely because of

A) Disinterest in creating an empire.
B) The lack of a navy.
C) Their defeat by other powers.
D) All of the above.

Question 44

The continuing effects of empires include

A) New borders were drawn.
B) New countries were created.
C) Peoples were brought together, and others were separated by often arbitrary lines of control.
D) All of the above.

Question 45

Conflict occurring within the boundaries of a single state is

A) Interstate conflict.
B) Intrastate conflict.
C) Feudal conflict.
D) Failed states.

Question 46

A "failed state"' is one in which

A) The state cannot provide a minimally accepted standard for domestic conditions, such as peace, order, and security.
B) There is a complete breakdown of law and order.
C) There is victimization of the general population.
D) All of the above.

Question 47

Colonialism by which immigrants seized land from the indigenous population and became the dominant population is called

A) Settler colonialism.
B) Elite colonialism.
C) Metropole colonialism.
D) None of the above.

Question 48

Colonialism by which the indigenous rulers were replaced by a European political and economic elite, but the native population remained essentially in place and thus much of the culture remained intact, is called

A) Settler colonialism.
B) Elite colonialism.
C) Metropole colonialism.
D) None of the above.

Question 49

Example(s) of settler colonialism include

A) North America.
B) Kenya.
C) South Asia.
D) Both a and b

Question 50

Example(s) of elite colonialism include

A) South Asia.
B) Australia.
C) New Zealand.
D) All of the above.

Question 51

The "settlers" in the Caribbean region were

A) British citizens.
B) French citizens.
C) Africans imported as slaves.
D) Dutch citizens.

Question 52

The tyrannical Spanish system by which natives were turned into servile laborers and forced to convert to Catholicism and to adopt the Spanish language was called

A) Metropole.
B) Haciendas.
C) Conquistadors.
D) Mestizos.

Question 53

A hybrid mixture of settler and elite colonialism occurred in

A) North America.
B) East Asia.
C) Latin America.
D) China.

Question 54

Most of European imperialism in Africa was

A) Settler colonialism.
B) Elite colonialism.
C) Metropole colonialism.
D) None of the above.

Question 55

The few African colonies that experienced settler colonialism include

A) South Africa.
B) Kenya.
C) Algeria.
D) All of the above.

Question 56

The legal system in South Africa of rigid, social hierarchy was known as

A) Apartheid.
B) Metropole.
C) Haciendas.
D) Conquistadors.

Question 57

The first black president of South Africa (in 1994) was

A) Mahatma Gandhi.
B) Nelson Mandela.
C) Simón Bolívar.
D) Cecil Rhodes.

Question 58

South Asia is one of the most obvious cases of

A) Settler colonialism.
B) Elite colonialism.
C) Metropole colonialism.
D) None of the above.

Question 59

French administration in Indochina had all of the following effects except

A) The building of an elaborate system of modern transportation.
B) The building of an elaborate system of communications.
C) The overwhelming support of the native population.
D) The reduction in incidence of famine and diseases, thus allowing for high population growth rates.

Question 60

Australia is one of the most extreme cases of

A) Settler colonialism.
B) Elite colonialism.
C) Metropole colonialism.
D) None of the above.

Question 61

A significant number of permanent European settlers were never attracted to Indonesia and the Philippines because of

A) Hostile natives.
B) A lack of resources.
C) The tropical climate.
D) All of the above.

Question 62

The only part of the accessible world that avoided direct colonial rule by European powers was

A) The Pacific.
B) The Caribbean.
C) South Asia.
D) East Asia.

Question 63

Factors that allowed China and Japan to avoid direct colonial rule include

A) The sheer magnitude of the distance from Europe to East Asia.
B) Their dense populations and centralized governments.
C) Their superior military capabilities.
D) Both a and b

Question 64

A major impetus for the American Revolution was

A) Restrictions that Britain placed on American exports.
B) Export competition from other colonies.
C) French domination of the trading routes.
D) None of the above.

Question 65

The Spanish transplanted what two food sources to Europe from the New World?

A) Rice and cotton
B) Tobacco and cotton
C) Corn and potato
D) Rice and fish

Question 66

The major export from Africa in the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries was

A) Rice.
B) Coerced labor in the form of slaves.
C) Petroleum.
D) Diamonds.

Question 67

The term used to describe Britain's far-flung informal trading empire based on the import of raw materials and the export of manufactured goods and finance capital is

A) Metropole.
B) Haciendas.
C) Conquistadors.
D) Pax Britannica.

Question 68

The economic benefits of colonialism include

A) Increased trading opportunities.
B) Higher levels of foreign investment.
C) Economic growth for the colonies and the metropole.
D) All of the above.

Question 69

Factors of colonialism that contributed to contemporary fragmentation include

A) The strategy of "divide and conquer."
B) The establishment of ethnically based police forces that had little in common with other ethnic groups in the colony.
C) The creation of countries that made little if any political sense.
D) All of the above.

Question 70

The longer areas were ruled by which power, the greater the likelihood that democracy would be sustained in the postcolonial era?

A) France
B) Great Britain
C) The Netherlands
D) Germany

Question 71

The one ideological movement that almost all developing countries have agreed on is

A) Democracy.
B) Interdependence.
C) Anticolonialism.
D) Communism.

Question 72

Postcolonial countries that are exceptionally resentful of foreign domination were subject to

A) Settler colonialism.
B) Elite colonialism.
C) Metropole colonialism.
D) None of the above.

Question 73

Democracy has been difficult to achieve in former colonies of which European power?

A) France
B) Great Britain
C) The Netherlands
D) Germany

Question 74

Define imperialism and give two examples of empires.

Question 75

List the basic functions of empires.

Question 76

How did empires influence the development of world politics?

Question 77

What were the three foundations upon which the expansion of European political and economic dominance was built?

Question 78

How did the invention of the sextant aid the explorers?

Question 79

What was the most fundamental distinction among European empires? Give at least two examples of each category.

Question 80

What is the Treaty of Tordesillas, and who gained most from the arrangement?