Question 1

Which of the following is aimed at preventing particular offenders from committing crime?&#10;A) Specific Deterrence&#10;B) General Deterrence&#10;C) Incapacitation&#10;D) Both A & C

Accepted Answer

Specific deterrence aims at preventing particular offenders from engaging in crime again, while incapacitation prevents offenders from committing crimes by physically removing them from society. General deterrence aims at preventing potential offenders from committing crimes by making an example of punished offenders to deter others from committing crime. Therefore, the best choice is D because it includes both specific deterrence and incapacitation as methods aimed at preventing particular offenders from committing crime.

Question 2

During the 1990s, U.S. homicide rates decreased noticeably because:&#10;A) The economy was up&#10;B) Reductions in gang turf wars&#10;C) Better gun laws&#10;D) Criminologists are not certain

Accepted Answer

The decrease in U.S. homicide rates during the 1990s is a subject of ongoing debate among criminologists, who have not reached a consensus on the specific causes. Various theories have been proposed, including economic improvements, changes in drug markets, policing strategies, and demographic shifts, but no single factor has been definitively proven to be the cause.

Question 3

Type question here&#10;A) False Negative&#10;B) False Positive&#10;C) True Positive&#10;D) True Negative

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

Project Ceasefire and other approaches to homicide that aim to stop violent crime by doing everything possible to prosecute and punish offenders while also attempting to reach out to potential offenders and set them on the right path is called a

A) lever-pulling strategy
B) kick-but strategy
C) bite-out-of-crime strategy
D) bullet-proof strategy

Accepted Answer

Project Ceasefire and similar approaches are often referred to as "lever-pulling strategies" because they aim to use every available tool, including criminal justice and community outreach, to intervene in violent crime and prevent further harm. The other choices do not accurately describe this approach.

Question 5

Data suggested what about Baltimore's &#34;Nobody Kill Anybody&#34; Ceasefire Weekends.&#10;A) Dramatic reduction in gun violence on the ceasefire weekends&#10;B) An overall decrease in gun violence in Baltimore over the year&#10;C) Increased violence on Mondays and Tuesdays after Ceasefire Weekends&#10;D) All of these answers are correct

Accepted Answer

Data suggested a dramatic reduction in gun violence during the "Nobody Kill Anybody" ceasefire weekends, but there was not enough evidence to suggest an overall decrease in gun violence in Baltimore over the year or an increase in violence on Mondays and Tuesdays after the ceasefire weekends.

Question 6

Strike out laws that mandated sentence enhancements for individuals convicted of second or third offenses:&#10;A) Stand out for their success in decreasing homicide rates.&#10;B) Do not appear to be very successful.&#10;C) Decreased drug use in the United States.&#10;D) Appear to deter young offenders.

Accepted Answer

These laws, often referred to as "three-strikes" laws, have been criticized for not being very successful in achieving their intended goals, such as significantly reducing crime rates. Studies and analyses over time have shown that these laws often lead to overcrowded prisons without a corresponding decrease in crime rates, challenging their effectiveness.

Question 7

Research about capital punishment and murder finds:&#10;A) Capital punishment and publicity about capital punishment fails to deter murder.&#10;B) Capital punishment deters murder.&#10;C) Capital punishment only deters murder when there is much publicity about the actual executions.&#10;D) States with the death penalty have lower rates of murder than non-death penalty states.

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have found that capital punishment does not deter murder. In fact, some research suggests that it may actually increase the rate of murder by desensitizing people to violence and promoting a culture of revenge. Additionally, there is no evidence to suggest that publicity about executions has any significant impact on deterrence.

Question 8

The consensus on gun control among criminologists is:&#10;A) Increases in gun sales lead to increases in homicide.&#10;B) Gun ownership by law abiding citizens deters homicide.&#10;C) There is a significant positive relationship between gun ownership and homicide rates.&#10;D) There is no consensus among criminologists on this issue.

Accepted Answer

There is no consensus among criminologists on whether gun control measures, such as restrictions on gun ownership or sales, are effective at reducing gun violence. Some studies have suggested that increased gun ownership can lead to an increase in firearm-related deaths, while others have found no correlation or even a negative correlation. Ultimately, the effectiveness of gun control measures likely depends on a variety of factors, such as the specific policies being implemented, the context in which they are implemented, and the underlying cultural attitudes towards guns in a given society.

Question 9

Arrest warrants that do not name individuals but are issued for a person by their genetic code are called:&#10;A) Genetic warrants&#10;B) John Doe warrants&#10;C) Blood warrants&#10;D) Code warrants

Accepted Answer

Arrest warrants that do not name individuals but are issued for a person by their genetic code are called John Doe warrants.

Deck 13: Reducing Murder Future of Homicide in Us