Deck 8: Remaking the World: Innovation and Renewal on Environmental Frontiers in the Late First Millennium

Question 1

In the period before Muhammad rose to become the leader of the Arab peoples,Arabian culture was characterized by

A) continual tribal warfare.
B) the following of a monotheistic religion.
C) a mostly urban culture.
D) a culture of relative peace and justice.

Answer 1

continual tribal warfare.

Question 2

What perennial problem did China share with Rome?

A) lack of educated people to serve in government
B) a primarily agricultural economy
C) an insecure method of succession for leaders
D) an inability to get foreigners to accept their culture

Answer 2

an insecure method of succession for leaders

Question 3

The city of Constantinople was founded by Constantine in

A) 410 C.E.
B) 286 C.E.
C) 323 C.E.
D) 336 C.E.

Answer 3

323 C.E.

Question 4

Which of the following best characterizes relations between the Eastern Roman (Byzantine)Empire and the Sasanians?

A) generally peaceful trading partners
B) almost continuous and unresolved conflict
C) The Sasanians had nearly beaten the Romans by the time of Islam's rise.
D) The Romans had nearly beaten the Sasanians by the time of Islam's rise.

Question 5

What were relations like between the Teotihuacános and Tikal and other Maya cities after the arrival of Siyaj K'ak?

A) They were directly ruled by Siyaj K'ak.
B) Tikal ruled over Teotihuacán.
C) They fell under the very strong influence of the Teotihuacános.
D) New trade agreements favorable to the Maya were signed between the two states.

Question 6

The Korean kingdom of Silla differed from the Chinese model of society in its use of

A) a caste system.
B) a different system of writing.
C) its rejection of Confucianism.
D) its rejection of Buddhism.

Question 7

In Arabic,Islam means

A) belief in Muhammad.
B) belief in the Quran.
C) way of life.
D) submission.

Question 8

The wall paintings from the tomb of Dong Shou portray the history of Koguryo during the fourth century C.E.

A) as a period of decline.
B) as a time when Buddhist and Daoist emblems could be shown together.
C) as a time without need of military scenes.
D) as a time of Confucian dominance.

Question 9

The key reasons why the Roman Empire survived in the East was

A) a larger military force and fewer incursions by barbarians.
B) less division because of religion and more easily defended borders.
C) greater wealth and fewer religious divisions.
D) more easily defended frontiers and greater wealth.

Question 10

What was a situation common in both the Roman and Chinese worlds during the third century C.E.?

A) peace
B) civil war
C) economic growth
D) new military innovations

Question 11

Which of the following happened in 476 C.E.?

A) The emperor was assassinated.
B) The Roman Senate continued to meet.
C) Theodoric became emperor in the West.
D) Latin ceased to be used for official purposes.

Question 12

At the time of the arrival of Siyaj K'ak,the Maya world was organized into

A) an empire.
B) a kingdom.
C) city-states.
D) a republic.

Question 13

What archaeological evidence suggests that Teotihuacán was beginning to suffer from strife during the fourth century C.E.?

A) destruction of temples
B) a reduction in the population
C) a dramatic increase in the number of weapons
D) building of large compounds

Question 14

After the collapse of Teotihuacáno civilization,

A) it was entirely forgotten by the people of Central America.
B) people in Central America attempted to imitate it.
C) the Maya replaced it as the premier power.
D) the king Chak Tok began to restore order.

Question 15

Which of the following was NOT a primary cause of the collapse of the Roman Empire?

A) the frontiers
B) the army
C) lead in their pipes
D) rivalry with Persia

Question 16

Teotihuacáno rulers regularly portrayed themselves in their own art as

A) generous to their enemies.
B) no different than their subjects.
C) wise, benevolent kings.
D) brutal war leaders.

Question 17

The Emperor Marcus Aurelius favored

A) Christianity.
B) Stoicism.
C) Epicureanism.
D) Platonism.

Question 18

The land that played the key role of middleman for Chinese trade with India was

A) Indonesia.
B) Japan.
C) Funan.
D) Paekche.

Question 19

What potential advantage did not enhance China's ability to survive as an imperial state over Rome's?

A) greater contact with other states
B) more defensible borders
C) better internal communication
D) no adverse balance of trade

Question 20

Germanic warriors during the early centuries were usually organized into

A) loose groups which swore loyalty to an individual.
B) large groups organized on similar lines of the Roman legions.
C) armies with a unique but centralized organization.
D) groups that held closely to traditional kinship structures.

Question 21

During the eighth century C.E.,many of the rulers of Japan were

A) commoners.
B) women.
C) military leaders.
D) from the merchant class.

Question 22

How did the Romans interact with the Germanic peoples?

Question 23

In what ways was Teotihuacán similar to the great Eurasian empires? How was it different?

Question 24

Explain the political,economic,and social structure of Teotihuacáno civilization.

Question 25

What happened to China in the aftermath of the collapse of the Han dynasty?

Question 26

The division between Shia and Sunni Muslims originally arose over

A) an understanding of the nature of Allah.
B) how one should pray.
C) who should be caliph.
D) how Christians and Jews should be treated.

Question 27

With the collapse of Roman power in the West,the new Germanic rulers

A) retained much of the old Roman culture and administration.
B) compelled everyone to adopt their language and religion.
C) destroyed all the elements of the old Roman state and created a "Dark Age."
D) converted Rome to Christianity.

Question 28

During the period from the sixth to eighth centuries C.E.,Tibet was

A) a state with no record of agriculture or city-building.
B) a state ruled by god-kings who were also Buddhist monks.
C) weak, with only a small and ineffective military.
D) an expansionist state.

Question 29

Most of the successful threats to the states in China,India,and Europe came from

A) the Islamic world.
B) inside the borders of their own empires.
C) natural disasters.
D) peoples from the Eurasian steppe.

Question 30

With the rise of the Islamic Empire,

A) taxes were raised on everyone.
B) Jews and Christians were forced to convert.
C) paganism was tolerated.
D) women gained the right to initiate divorce.

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT true about Japan's relationship with China?

A) It adopted Buddhism from China.
B) It saw itself as superior to the Chinese.
C) It adopted Confucian ideas about government.
D) It adopted Chinese architecture.

Question 32

The key factor in the rise to power of Wu Zhao to become emperor was

A) the support of the Buddhist clergy.
B) the support of the Chinese people.
C) the support of the Confucian elite.
D) the support of the military elite.

Question 33

The code of Sharia was a set of principles that was meant to cover

A) only religious matters and was only meant for Muslims.
B) both religious and secular matters.
C) discrimination against non-Muslims by giving them harsher punishments for the same crimes.
D) only things that Muhammad had reported in the Quran.

Question 34

What led to the collapse of the Roman Empire in the West?

Question 35

What advantages did the eastern half of the Roman Empire have over the western half that allowed it to survive?

Question 36

As the Japanese system of government developed during the eighth to ninth centuries C.E.,the ruler

A) was directly engaged in day-to-day rule over the state.
B) was powerful as the chief military commander.
C) did little direct ruling.
D) was called "King of Kings."

Question 37

What were the political and commercial relationships that Teotihuacán had with its neighbors?

Question 38

The decline of Tibet as a powerful kingdom happened

A) at the same time as the decline of the Tang dynasty.
B) during the Sui dynasty.
C) after the collapse of the Tang dynasty.
D) before the decline of the Tang dynasty.

Question 39

All of the following are true of the Tang dynasty EXCEPT:

A) It made important advances in chemistry and gunpowder.
B) Buddhist themes in Tang-era art confirm cultural contact with South and Central Asia.
C) Regional governors lost power as the Imperial throne grew more centralized.
D) A woman became emperor with support of Buddhist clergy.

Question 40

One of the keys to the success of the Emperor Taizong in bringing about a period of peace during the early Tang dynasty was

A) following whatever the religious elite told him.
B) brutally massacring his opponents.
C) reducing the size of the government.
D) using the northern nomadic tribes to conquer Korea.

Question 41

Why did Japan follow such a different developmental route from China,despite borrowing heavily from Chinese political structure,religion,and culture?
In Perspective

Question 42

What factors favored the recreation of imperial unity in China after the collapse of the Han? How do these factors compare to conditions in the two halves of the Roman Empire?

Question 43

What were the consequences of the rise of Islam as a political and religious movement during the seventh to eighth centuries C.E.?

Question 44

What were China's relations with its neighbors during the period following the collapse of the Han dynasty?

Question 45

Explain how Byzantium and the Byzantine empire served as a crossroads and buffer zone between the Arabs in Asia Minor and the remnants of the Roman Empire in Western Europe.What distinctive practices enabled the Byzantine empire to survive as long as it did?

Question 46

How did China interact with Tibet,Japan,and Korea as they developed into states?

Question 47

How was the world that recovered from the crises of the third through the seventh centuries a world of civilization?

Question 48

What was the state of the empires that dominated southwestern Asia during the seventh century C.E.? What challenges had they faced during the previous century?

Question 49

How was an imperial state reconstituted during the period of the Sui and Tang dynasties in China? What role did steppe nomads play in this process?

Question 50

Discuss how Islam and Arabic social practices facilitated the rapid spread of Islamic culture and empires through Africa and Asia Minor in the 8th century.

Question 51

What effect did the creation of an Islamic empire have on the Arabs and on Islam itself? How did the empire contribute to divisions within the Muslim world?

Question 52

How did the Islamic religion transform Arabian culture? What elements can you identify in Islam that aided in the spread of the Islamic Empire across Eurasia from the seventh to eighth centuries C.E.?

Question 53

What did the collapse of the Chinese and Indian states have in common with the dissolution of the Roman Empire in the West?