Deck 26: Policing

Question 1

Currently the Currently minority ethnic officers make up less than five per cent of overall police numbers, and just over one per cent of those in the most senior (ACPO) ranks.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What is meant by 'plural policing'?

Answer 2

This refers to the way it has become increasingly visible in recent decades that there are many aspects of policing beyond the police. There appears, for example, to have been a very significant expansion in private security in recent times. Closed-circuit television cameras now survey every city centre, walled and gated communities are beginning to spring up and a growing array of uniformed guards, wardens and others are to be found patrolling streets and local communities.

Question 3

What sort of powers will the new Police and Crime Commissioners hold?

Answer 3

They will have a range of powers and responsibilities, including securing the maintenance of the police force, ensuring that it is efficient and effective, as well as holding the chief constable to account for the exercise of a range of duties. The Commissioner is also responsible for appointing and dismissing the Chief and for agreeing the appointments of deputy and assistant chief constables. They will also have a duty to issue Police and Crime Plans.

Question 4

Why is 'police' or 'cop' culture sometimes referred to as 'canteen culture'?

Question 5

How has centralisation led to managerialism in the police?

Question 6

What were the two statutory requirements placed on the police by the
Crime and Disorder Act 1998?

A)in partnership with local authorities, to audit local crime problems
B)To share computer systems with the local authorities
C)to produce a local community safety plan - now known as a crime and disorder reduction plan

Question 7

How was police governance reformed by the Police and Magistrates' Courts Act 1994?

A)the Act changed the composition of police authorities - specifically by introducing what became known as 'independent members'
B)it reduced the number of elected councillors and magistrates
C)the police authorities themselves became independent of local authority structures
D)it introduced a requirement that in future police authorities would produce an annual policing plan, containing local police objectives and related performance targets.

Question 8

Why did the police move from calling themselves 'forces' and become 'services'?

A)to widen the net of their operational control
B)to de-emphasise the confrontational, conflictual aspects of policing
C)to attempt to highlight the more community-oriented, service-oriented aspects of police work

Question 9

What issues of concern are raised by the creation of biometric databases containing DNA profiles and scans of fingerprints and irises?

A)the accuracy of the information that is collected and stored
B)that the 'innocent have nothing to fear'
C)the idea that these data lead to essentially reliable, failsafe methods
D)that the strength of forensic evidence can be overestimated and over-stated

Question 10

What was included in early descriptions of police responsibilities?

A)the prevention of crime
B)the maintenance of order
C)detection of crime
D)punishment of the offender

Question 11

What was the result of the disturbances on the streets of Brixton in the early 1980s?

A)positive news stories for the police
B)many people died
C)a scathing report leading to significant reforms in policing

Question 12

At what point were the police said to move away from traditional beat work towards a new world dominated by radios and cars?

A)Following the First World War
B)Following the Second Wold War
C)In the 1960s

Question 13

What has research shown to be the primary function of policing?

A)patrol work
B)peacekeeping
C)proactive activities
D)intelligence gathering

Question 14

From the 1980s onwards the Thatcher governments began to explore:

A)police corruption
B)the promotion of women officers
C)economy, efficiency and effectiveness

Question 15

'Police community support officers' (PCSOs) were eventually introduced by the Police Reform Act 2002 under the control of the chief constable have limited powers to detain suspects, to stop vehicles and to issue fixed-penalty notices.

Question 16

The study of police corruption has illustrated that corrupt police departments/forces cannot be reformed.

Question 17

Zero tolerance policing was imported from the US to Britain.

Question 18

One of the traditional protections afforded citizens subject to police interrogation is the right to refuse to answer questions

Question 19

What is the 'extended policing family'?