Deck 25: Crime Prevention and Community Safety

Question 1

There are two main ways of defining crime prevention initiatives and within one of them there are three types of activities.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What is Wilson and Kelling's metaphor of 'broken windows' intended to convey

A)that broken windows are a sign of a breakdown of the youth justice system
B)that 'untended' behaviour leads to the breakdown of community controls
C)that visible signs of disorder which go unchallenged are likely to breed further disorder

Answer 2

that 'untended' behaviour leads to the breakdown of community controls
that visible signs of disorder which go unchallenged are likely to breed further disorder

Question 3

What are the main criticisms of situational crime prevention?

A)that the crime will be displaced to another time or place
B)that another target will be chosen
C)new methods will be developed

Answer 3

that the crime will be displaced to another time or place
that another target will be chosen
new methods will be developed

Question 4

What were the two main elements of 'Operation Ceasefire'?

A)A direct law enforcement initiative against firearms trafficking.
B)to take guns off the streets
C)An attempt to generate a strong deterrent to gang violence.

Question 5

What does Clarke (2005) suggest as techniques of situational prevention?

A)Increase the risks
B)Reduce the rewards
C)Put people in prison

Question 6

How was the move from 'crime prevention' to 'crime reduction' explained?

Question 7

How was the Anti-social Behaviour Order' (ASBO) first introduced?

Question 8

What is 'social crime prevention'?

Question 9

What is 'repeat victimisation' and what is its significance for criminological research?

Question 10

What were the aims of the Safer Cities project?

A)reducing crime
B)lessening fear of crime
C)creating 'safer cities where economic enterprise and community life can flourish'

Question 11

What was the statutory duty placed upon police and local authorities by the
Crime and Disorder Act 1998 ?

A)to prevent alcohol related disorder
B)to formulate and implement a crime reduction strategy for the area
C)to implement ASBOs

Question 12

Neighbourhood Watch (NW) has been very successful at preventing crime.

Question 13

'Hot spots' are areas where criminals congregate to socialise.

Question 14

By 1989/90 the Kirkholt Burglary Prevention Project reduced incidence of the crime to one-quarter the level it had been in 1986/87.

Question 15

Pease and others have argued that repeat victimization is highest, both absolutely and proportionately, in the most crime-ridden areas, which are also the areas that suffer the most serious crime. The prevention of repeat victimization is thus commensurately more important the greater the area's crime problem.

Question 16

Situational crime prevention measures are targeted at:

A)the local environment
B)the individual
C)the victim

Question 17

Crime prevention policies arose in response to the belief that:

A)criminals are born bad
B)a person's social life situation can lead them to commit crime
C)That the criminal justice system alone could not control crime

Question 18

What was the essence of a Home Office circular about crime prevention released in 1984 ?

A)That crime was out of control
B)That preventing crime is a task for the whole community
C)Drugs and young people are a serious problem

Question 19

Who took the lead role in crime prevention according to the Morgan Committee's final report (1991)?

A)no-one
B)the police
C)local authorities

Question 20

What are the advantages of concentrating on repeat victimisation according to Pease?