Question 1

The risk of injury and death is greater in which type of incidents?&#10;A) True hostage incidents&#10;B) Non-hostage incidents&#10;C) Semi-hostage incidents&#10;D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

Non-hostage incidents often involve more unpredictable and violent behavior, leading to a higher risk of injury and death compared to true hostage situations where negotiations are more likely to occur.

Question 2

In true hostage incidents, hostages are leverage

Accepted Answer

In true hostage incidents, hostages are often used as leverage by the captors to negotiate demands or achieve specific goals.

Question 3

Non-hostage incidents are usually _________________ incidents.&#10;A) Accidental&#10;B) Victimless&#10;C) Domestic&#10;D) Random

Accepted Answer

Non-hostage incidents are often domestic in nature, involving situations like domestic disputes or disturbances that do not involve hostages.

Question 4

It takes a(n) _________________ to make an incident a hostage incident.&#10;A) Inanimate object&#10;B) Living person&#10;C) Piece of property&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

A hostage incident requires a living person to be taken as a hostage; inanimate objects or pieces of property cannot be hostages.

Question 5

In most hostage incidents, explicit threats revolve around:&#10;A) Loss of property&#10;B) Loss of life&#10;C) Loss of status&#10;D) Loss of belonging to a community

Accepted Answer

In most hostage incidents, explicit threats revolve around the loss of life. This is because the hostage-takers often use the threat of harming or killing the hostages as leverage to achieve their demands or objectives.

Question 6

A hostage is traumatized and made to feel powerless and ____________ on/of the hostage taker.&#10;A) Independent&#10;B) In charge&#10;C) Demanding&#10;D) Dependent

Accepted Answer

A hostage typically becomes dependent on the hostage taker for basic needs and decisions, leading to a power imbalance and increased control by the captor.

Question 7

Part of the negotiator's job is to ______________ the hostage for the hostage taker.&#10;A) Objectify&#10;B) Impersonate&#10;C) Direct&#10;D) Personalize

Accepted Answer

Part of a negotiator's job is to personalize the hostage for the hostage taker, making the hostage seem more like a real person with feelings, a family, and a life outside of the situation. This can help in creating empathy and reducing the likelihood of harm.

Question 8

As the hostage situation progresses, the Stockholm Syndrome becomes less of a survival reaction and more of a(n):&#10;A) Coping and adaptation response&#10;B) Anger and frustration response&#10;C) Negative feeling response&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Stockholm Syndrome is characterized by hostages developing positive feelings towards their captors as a coping and adaptation mechanism to the traumatic situation. It is less about survival in the immediate sense and more about psychologically managing the stress and fear of the situation.

Question 9

Even following their release, the ex-hostages can remain victim to the psychological reaction of captivity.

Accepted Answer

Ex-hostages can suffer from Stockholm Syndrome, PTSD, and other psychological effects long after their release, indicating ongoing victimhood to the psychological impacts of their captivity.

Question 10

How many components to Stockholm Syndrome were discussed in the text?&#10;A) One&#10;B) Two&#10;C) Three&#10;D) Four

Accepted Answer

Three components were discussed in the text regarding Stockholm Syndrome.

Question 11

According to Stockholm Syndrome theory, with time, individual autonomy disappears and is replaced by:&#10;A) Fearful leadership&#10;B) Small group clustering&#10;C) Group cohesiveness&#10;D) Hostage-taker reasoning&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Stockholm Syndrome theory, with time,...

Question 12

To prevent long-term effects of Stockholm Syndrome, a(n) _____________ with hostages can reduce the time to minutes in most cases.&#10;A) Emotional debriefing&#10;B) Emotionless debriefing&#10;C) Pep-talk&#10;D) Strategic debriefing

Accepted Answer

The answer of To prevent long-term effects of Stockholm Syndrome,...

Question 13

Which of the following is a psychological effect of being held captive?&#10;A) Overwhelming helplessness&#10;B) Existential fear&#10;C) Sensory input overload&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a psychological...

Question 14

According to the authors, during a hostage situation, hostages see themselves as _______&#10;A) Leverage&#10;B) Disposable&#10;C) Victims of circumstance&#10;D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the authors, during a hostage...

Question 15

The text cited that _______ percent of hostages may hallucinate due to the stress of the situation.&#10;A) 10&#10;B) 25&#10;C) 75&#10;D) 80

Accepted Answer

The answer of The text cited that _______ percent of...

Question 16

A person with a histrionic personality type tends to be:&#10;A) Outgoing&#10;B) Rambunctious&#10;C) Dramatic&#10;D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person with a histrionic personality type...

Question 17

Which personality type is motivated by a need for perfection and social acceptance?&#10;A) The dependent personality&#10;B) The narcissistic personality&#10;C) The avoidant personality&#10;D) The compulsive personality

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which personality type is motivated by a...

Question 18

________________ are those unconscious psychological responses that reduce danger and anxiety during captivity.&#10;A) Coping mechanisms&#10;B) Neural impulses&#10;C) Defense mechanisms&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________________ are those unconscious psychological responses that...

Question 19

This is a defense mechanism whereby the hostage removes the emotional components of captivity, and uses reason and logic to understand what is happening and what is likely to happen in the future.&#10;A) Counter-phobic reaction&#10;B) Humor&#10;C) Creative elaboration&#10;D) Intellectualization

Accepted Answer

The answer of This is a defense mechanism whereby the...

Question 20

Which of these reactions is considered a negative defense mechanism?&#10;A) Intellectualization&#10;B) Counter-phobic reaction&#10;C) Humor&#10;D) Creative elaboration

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these reactions is considered a...

Question 21

________________ is when the hostage uses innovation to continually shift and alter his or her behavior, adjusting to the situation as it evolves and develops.&#10;A) Coping&#10;B) Genius&#10;C) Humor&#10;D) Flowing

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________________ is when the hostage uses innovation...

Question 22

Removing the emotional content of captivity is known as:&#10;A) Rationalization&#10;B) Controlling emotions&#10;C) Role rehearsal&#10;D) Relinquishing control

Accepted Answer

The answer of Removing the emotional content of captivity is...

Question 23

Research has shown that people who are held hostage for as little as _________ hours suffer the aftereffects of trauma.&#10;A) Eight&#10;B) Four&#10;C) Twelve&#10;D) Twenty-four

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research has shown that people who are...

Question 24

Which of these is a common manifestation of PTSD?&#10;A) Increased anxiety levels&#10;B) Insecurity in one's ability to think and function in the world&#10;C) Increase or decrease in aggression&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these is a common manifestation...

Question 25

The role of the negotiator is to be a long-term caregiver to hostages suffering from PTSD.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The role of the negotiator is to...

Deck 9: Crisis Management: Hostage Dynamics