Deck 1: Crisis Management: History and Overview

Question 1

What is Dynamic Inactivity?

A) Slowing the incident down and letting anxiety dissipate.
B) The negotiator ignoring the demands of the hostage taker or barricaded suspect.
C) The hostage taker or barricaded suspect ignoring the negotiators.
D) The ups and downs of a hostage situation.

Answer 1

Slowing the incident down and letting anxiety dissipate.

Question 2

In negotiations, it is accepted that there are three ways of settling conflict win/win, win/lose, and:

A) Lose/lose
B) Avoidance
C) Win/win/win
D) Lose/lose/lose

Answer 2

Avoidance

Question 3

What is the primary goal in hostage negotiations?

A) Preservation of image
B) Criminal prosecution
C) Preservation of life
D) Preservation of property

Answer 3

Preservation of life

Question 4

What is the difference between a hostage situation and a kidnapping?

A) A kidnapped person is a hostage who the officials do not know the location of.
B) A kidnapped person is taken by surprise.
C) A hostage is being used for security whereas a kidnapped person is not.
D) A kidnapped person is of a younger age.

Question 5

One of the earliest hostage negotiation incidents in the United States involved who?

A) NYPD
B) United States military
C) Prison Negotiators
D) FBI

Question 6

What is an expressive demand?

A) The need to express intense emotion.
B) The need to express religious beliefs.
C) The need to express individuality.
D) The need to express anger at the government.

Question 7

The linear model of negotiating means that.

A) First a tactical plan is made, then negotiations begin.
B) Negotiations are conducted, and if they are not resulting in surrender, then a tactical plan for resolution is used.
C) The tactical plan and negotiations happen at the same time.
D) The tactical plan is used and, if that fails, negotiations begin.

Question 8

What is a substantive demand?

A) A demand for a promise.
B) A demand for freedom.
C) A demand for a new negotiator.
D) A demand involving something tangible.

Question 9

What was the most serious flaw in the two Russian hostage incidents discussed, according to Dolnik and Fitzgerald?

A) A lack of communication.
B) Misusing time.
C) A disorganized command structure.
D) A lack of de-escalation.

Question 10

What is the paralleled model of negotiating?

A) First a tactical plan is made, then negotiations begin.
B) First negotiations are made, then a tactical plan is formed.
C) The tactical plan and negotiations happen at the same time.
D) The tactical plan is used and, if that fails, negotiations begin.

Question 11

What does SAFE stand for?

A) Safety, Attention to detail, Force, and Evacuating.
B) Survival, Authority, Force, and Evasion.
C) Sympathy, Anger, Fear, and Empathy.
D) Substantive demands, Attunement, Face, Emotion.

Question 12

What is the success rate of negotiations?

A) 80%
B) 50%
C) 95%
D) 100%

Question 13

What major event triggered the formation of negotiators in policing?

A) The Munich Olympics in 1972.
B) The World Trade Center Bombing in 2001.
C) The Williamsburg Incident in 1973.
D) The Oakdale and Atlanta Prison Sieges in 1987.

Question 14

What is Stockholm Syndrome?

A) A hostage falling in love with their captors.
B) A hostage allying themselves to the goals of the captors.
C) A hostage using denial to get through a hostage situation.
D) A hostage fearing to be active in public after the incident is resolved.

Question 15

What incident brought about the subject of Suicide by Cop?

A) Munich Olympics, 1972
B) Talladega, 1991
C) Branch Davidians, Waco, 1993
D) Rochester, 1981

Question 16

According to the text, what is an app that would possibly aid in a crisis negotiation?

A) Mapping
B) Note taking
C) Local news
D) All of the above.

Question 17

Which agency led the way in negotiation training, establishing it as a legitimate police strategy?

A) NYPD
B) FBI
C) CIA
D) U.S. Marshals

Question 18

Why would law enforcement negotiators want correctional officers working with them on a prison hostage/barricade suspect situation?

A) Correctional officers know and understand the current prison environment, language, and prison negotiation rules.
B) Correctional officers have jurisdiction.
C) Correctional officers have more negotiation training than law enforcement.
D) Correctional officers should not work with law enforcement on negotiations.

Question 19

What is one difficulty that negotiators have with school shooting situations?

A) Kids are bad negotiators.
B) Kids have irrational demands.
C) The incident is often over before negotiators arrive.
D) Often kids are more violent than their adult hostage-taker counterparts.

Question 20

What percentage of calls involving hostages did negotiators get in the 15 largest cities in the U.S. over a five-year span?

A) 18%
B) 53%
C) 68%
D) 92%

Question 21

According to Schlossberg, what is it important to understand in hostage negotiations?

A) What the demands are.
B) What you as a negotiator have the authority to give.
C) The motivation and personality of the hostage taker.
D) Whether the hostage taker is armed.

Question 22

What do many hostages experience after the situation is resolved as a result of the life-threatening nature of the incident?

A) PTSD
B) Stockholm Syndrome
C) Heart attack
D) Agoraphobia

Question 23

The SAFE Model consists of four "triggers" which is not one of them?

A) Substantive demands
B) Attention
C) Face
D) Attunement

Question 24

Changes to negotiations from 1971 to 1998 consisted of?

A) Incidents that were more personal in nature
B) Incidents that focused solely on domestic terrorism
C) A demand for more negotiators with higher education
D) Higher levels of mental health training across the board

Question 25

It is suggested that the Moscow Theater siege and the Beslan School siege could have ended differently if what techniques were used

A) Active listening skills
B) Negotiating and bargaining principles
C) Time management
D) TPIs

Question 26

Which is not a stage of a crisis incident?

A) Postcrisis
B) Precrisis
C) Crisis
D) Resolution