Deck 13: Eating Disorders

Question 1

Females engage in a number of unhealthy weight loss activities. Name three of the practices that females engage in and the grade level most likely to see onset of the practice.

Answer 1

Fasting (Grade 9), laxatives/vomiting (grade 10) and pills or powders (Grade 12)

Question 2

Berman and colleagues (2006) found six factors that increase the risk for body dissatisfaction (BD). Name the six factors and give an example of each.
Answer :Pages 440‐443

Answer 2

1) Body image ideal (physical attractiveness and drive for thinness)
2) Puberty and body mass (increase in adiposity related to increase in BD)
3) Attitudes toward dieting (weight set point theory)
4)Social influence: Family & Peers (social comparison and weight related teasing)
5) Negative Affect (question of direction of effects)
6) Age (up to 13 years little difference between males & females; by 14 years, females significantly more BD.

Question 3

What is pica and how is it demonstrated in younger children, older children, and adolescents?

Answer 3

Pica is one of three eating and feeding disorders under the Disorders first diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence in the DSM‐IV‐TR. Individuals with pica repeatedly crave non‐nutritive substances on a persistent and regular basis for at least one month's duration. Cravings differ by developmental level:
Younger children crave paint, hair, cloth, plaster, and string;
Older children crave animal droppings, insects, sand, pebbles, and leaves; Adolescents crave clay and soil.

Question 4

What is the difference between food refusal and failure to thrive (FTT)?

Question 5

Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) share many similarities; however, they are also very different in many ways. Answer the following questions about AN and BN:
a) Name and describe the two subtypes each of AN and BN. Which of the subtypes are more similar in these disorders?
b) What are the anorexic cycle and the bulimic cycle? What subtypes are they associated with and what do they look like?
c) Describe four ways that AN and BN are similar.
d) Based on the least similar types of AN and BN, name five ways in which AN and BN differ.

Question 6

Which of the following results have been obtained by researchers examining disordered eating in children and youth?

A) In high school 45% of females and 16% of males reported binge?eating episodes.
B) When children 6?13 years of age were surveyed about binge eating within the last month, less than 5% said that they engaged in binge?eating behaviors.
C) Sixth graders reported binge eating in excess of 15%.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 7

Sandra has a body mass index (BMI) of 30. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Sandra would be considered

A) obese.
B) overweight.
C) normal.
D) underweight.

Question 8

Individuals who are at risk for obesity are

A) at or above the 98^th percentile.
B) between 75^th and 80^th percentiles.
C) between 80^th and 85^th percentiles.
D) between 85^th and 95^th percentiles.

Question 9

Children spend an average of ____ hours a day sitting in front of a television or computer.

A) 4
B) 6
C) 2
D) 7

Question 10

Which of the following is false regarding obesity?

A) Approximately 1/3 of children in the United States are obese or at risk for obesity.
B) Obesity is one of the most prevalent eating disorders found in the DSM.
C) Girls as young as five years of age who are obese or at risk for obesity are at higher risk for suffering from depression and low self?esteem.
D) The majority of child obesity is due high caloric intake due to overeating.

Question 11

Trends in the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), between 1999 and 2005, reveal that, according to BMI ratings and self?descriptions of themselves being overweight

A) overall, overweight youth have decreased from 1999 to 2005.
B) overall, at risk for being overweight has decreased from 1999 to 2005.
C) Hispanic youth have demonstrated an increase in being overweight between 1999 and 2005.
D) white youth have noted a decrease in being overweight between 1999 and 2005.

Question 12

Healthy strategies for losing weight include eating healthy foods and exercising. Which of the following is false regarding healthy versus unhealthy dieting practices?

A) Fasting is the most popular method of unhealthy dieting among Grade 9 girls.
B) Laxatives and powders are the most common unhealthy dieting practices among girls in Grade 10.
C) Males engage in more healthy weight loss strategies than females.
D) In high school, the rate of females engaged in dieting practices increases as grade level increases.

Question 13

The year is 2005 and Pat is trying to lose weight. Given the rates of dieting among different genders and ethnic groups, if Pat is in the group with the highest percentage, we would expect that Pat is a

A) white female.
B) black male.
C) Hispanic female.
D) black female.

Question 14

In the 2005 YRBS Survey, among males, which ethnic group had the largest discrepancy between their perceptions of being overweight (body dissatisfaction) and their actually being overweight (BMI)?

A) Black males
B) Hispanic males
C) White males
D) Native Indian males

Question 15

Thompson and colleagues (1999) developed the Tripartite Influence Model to account for three significant influences on perceptions of body dissatisfaction. The model includes risks from all the following categories, except

A) teachers.
B) peers.
C) parents.
D) media.

Question 16

During puberty (11 to 16 years of age) which of the following are true?

A) Fat increase in females related to fertility, at this time, causes increase weight gain when they are trying to lose weight.
B) For males, fat production decreases during this period.
C) Adiposity increase causes females to focus on ways to streamline caloric intake and fight increased weight gain.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 17

In their study of middle school girls and body dissatisfaction, Keery and colleagues found all the following results concerning teasing, except

A) one quarter of the girls were subjected to teasing about their weight by their parents.
B) one third were teased by at least one sibling.
C) girls were especially sensitive to teasing by their mothers.
D) among the negative outcomes for girls in family teasing situations were lower self?esteem and restrictive and bulimic eating behaviors.

Question 18

Which of the following is not one of the risk factors that can increase body dissatisfaction in females?

A) negative affect
B) late maturation
C) encouraging maternal comments
D) internalization of ideal body image

Question 19

A six?year?old child has been ingesting paint and hair on a persistent basis for the past two months. The child would most likely be diagnosed with

A) nothing, this is exploratory behavior at this stage of development.
B) rumination disorder.
C) pica.
D) feeding disorder.

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding participation in sports and disordered eating?

A) Participants in elite sports are less likely to be at risk for disordered eating.
B) Sports, such as diving and figure skating, can place participants at increased risk for disordered eating.
C) Participants in non?elite sports are at increased risk for disordered eating relative to their non? participating peers.
D) Female athletes in non?elite sports have a more negative view of body image than non? athletic peers.

Question 21

Suzy is persistently regurgitating and re?chewing her food. This behavior began when she was about 9 months of age. Which of the following parent?child patterns is likely to be associated with this disorder?

A) The parent?child relationship is strained.
B) The parent?child relationship may evidence a lack of stimulation/neglect.
C) Stressful conditions are associated with the parent?child relationship.
D) All of the above.

Question 22

All of the following outcomes and associations have been linked to children who demonstrate failure to thrive (FTT), except

A) parents describe these children as "passive, undemanding and having low appetites."
B) recent studies have focused on parent neglect as the underlying cause.
C) by school age, those who experienced FTT show little evidence of any cognitive disadvantage relative to normal peers.
D) according to the DSM, onset of feeding disorder has to be prior to 6 years of age.

Question 23

In his discussion of theoretical frameworks to account for Feeding Disorders of Infancy or Early Childhood, Douglas omits which of the following theoretical models?

A) Cognitive Theory Model
B) Learning Theory Model
C) Developmental Theory Model
D) Attachment Theory Model

Question 24

According to the DSM?IV?TR, binge?eating disorder is currently listed as an example of which of the following categories of eating disorders?

A) Anorexia Nervosa (AN)
B) Bulimia Nervosa (BN)
C) Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS)
D) None of the above

Question 25

Morton, an English physician, first reported the significance of weight loss due to food refusal in

A) 1800.
B) a young adolescent female.
C) 1600.
D) Both b and c are correct.

Question 26

In 1959, Stunkard claimed the existence of two disorders related to overeating. Stunkard named these disorders

A) day eating disorder and night eating disorder.
B) bulimarexia and anorexia.
C) night eating syndrome and binge eating syndrome.
D) self?starvation rebound and over?indulgence eating.

Question 27

The original criteria for AN and BN was proposed by

A) Russell in 1979.
B) Bruch in 1973.
C) West in 1944.
D) Stunkard in 1959.

Question 28

Which of the following was not one of the four eating disorders noted In the DSM?III?

A) AN
B) Feeding Disorder of Infancy
C) Bulimia
D) Pica

Question 29

AN is distinguished from BN because individuals with AN

A) usually have onset of the disorder after a period of intense dieting.
B) have a fear of obesity.
C) refuse to maintain a body weight of at least 85% .
D) have a preoccupation with thinness and food.

Question 30

The lifetime prevalence of AN is

A) 5%.
B) 1%.
C) 8%.
D) 3%.

Question 31

All of the following are true regarding those with AN, except

A) 50% will develop Bulimia at some later stage.
B) approximately 30% will have a complete recovery.
C) approximately 50% will have a partial recovery.
D) about 10% of those who are hospitalized will die.

Question 32

For those with BN, an intense period of eating is accompanied by

A) a sense of relief after the food is completely ingested.
B) another bout of eating (binge rebound) usually within the hour.
C) sense of loss of control.
D) sense of loss of weight.

Question 33

According to the DSM, a diagnosis of BN requires binge and compensatory behaviors should occur

A) at least once a week for 3 months.
B) at least once a month for 6 months.
C) at least twice a week for 6 months.
D) at least twice a week for 3 months.

Question 34

The difference between BN Purging Type and Non?Purging Type is

A) Non?Purging Type includes laxatives and diuretics.
B) Non?Purging Type has earlier onset than Purging Type.
C) Non?Purging Type is at greater risk for emotional problems.
D) Non?Purging Type includes activities such as excess exercise or fasting.

Question 35

Subtypes of AN and BN reveal that

A) AN Restricting Type is more similar to BN Purging Type.
B) AN Binge?Purge Type is not similar to any BN Subtypes.
C) AN Restricting Type is more similar to BN Non?Purge Type.
D) BN Purging Type is not similar to an of the AN Subtypes.

Question 36

Georgia has AN and demonstrates many symptoms of the Restricting Type. Which of the following is most likely to be associated with her disorder?

A) confrontational family interchanges
B) increased risk for alcohol abuse/dependence
C) increased risk for obsessive compulsive disorder
D) Cluster B personality disorders

Question 37

From a Biological Model, all of the following have been found to relate to increased risk for developing an eating disorder (ED), except

A) relative has an ED.
B) dopamine neurotransmitter is elevated.
C) impulsive temperament.
D) all of the above.

Question 38

Studies have documented trends in body dissatisfaction (BD) between 1972 and 1997. In the past twenty?five years

A) women have increased in BD from 20% to 32%.
B) men have increased in BD from 5% to 31%.
C) women have increased in BD from 30% to 44%.
D) men have increased in BD from 15% to 43%.

Question 39

Treatment for AN involves three main stages. All of the following are involved, except

A) restoration of weight loss.
B) re?establishing peer group connections.
C) addressing disturbances (body perception, etc.).
D) long?term remission and recovery .

Question 40

The Integrative Cognitive Model of Treatment for BN involves all of the following, except

A) relapse prevention.
B) hypnosis and unconscious motives.
C) normalization of eating.
D) interpersonal patterns and schemas.