Deck 4: Approaches to Psychology

Question 1

Skinner worked with special boxes and:

A)Dogs
B)Cats
C)Rats
D)Fish
E)Mice

Answer 1

Rats

Question 2

The famous writer and scientist who made the concept of evolution well known was:

A)Thorndyke
B)Darwin
C)Wundt
D)Skinner
E)Pavlov

Answer 2

Darwin

Question 3

Evolution doesn't explain why many people have fears of:

A)Snakes
B)Flying
C)Threats from the environment
D)Spiders
E)Lack of hygiene

Answer 3

Flying

Question 4

Evolution is the concept that life originated:

A)40 generations ago
B)Seven thousand years ago
C)A hundred thousand years ago
D)Two hundred thousand years ago
E)Millions of years ago

Question 5

Evolution uses the concept that living organisms have changed significantly…

A)Every generation
B)Every 10 generations
C)But very slowly
D)Every millennium
E)In one or two examples

Question 6

Good genes are adaptive, meaning they help organisms adapt successfully to:

A)Find a home
B)Change their diet
C)Change their appearance
D)Survive
E)Become larger

Question 7

Organisms without the adaptive, good genes:

A)Leave the group
B)Move away
C)Are killed
D)Die out
E)Are unpopular

Question 8

Phenotype refers to the physical appearance of a trait, and genotype refers to the:

A)Genetic parents
B)Genetic make-up
C)Whole genome
D)Genetic family
E)Usefulness of the trait

Question 9

How many main approaches does Learning Theory have?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 10

Pavlov worked with:

A)Dogs and Cats
B)Cats
C)Rats
D)Dogs
E)Dogs and rats

Question 11

Pavlov's work identified which sort of learning?

A)Classical effect
B)Classical learning
C)Operant effect
D)Operant classical
E)Classical conditioning

Question 12

What did Thorndyke's work lead to?

A)Law of effect
B)Law of efficacy
C)Classical conditioning
D)Reinforcement effect
E)Punishment effect

Question 13

Thorndyke decided we learn by:

A)Rewards and punishment
B)Rewards
C)Trial and error
D)Punishment
E)Mistakes

Question 14

The phenotype describes:

A)What the person's sex is
B)Their culture
C)The genetic faults
D)The personality type
E)The appearance of the trait or person

Question 15

The genotype describes:

A)The faults
B)The type of generation
C)The genetic make-up
D)The parents
E)The appearance of a trait or person

Question 16

A person's genes are not necessarily:

A)Mutations
B)Inherited
C)Unique to her/him unless an MZ twin
D)Same as any sibling's
E)From the biological father and mother

Question 17

Learning by observation is called:

A)Social learning
B)Observations
C)Observational conditioning
D)Operant conditioning
E)Classical conditioning

Question 18

Learning by observation can also be described as:

A)Observational learning
B)Vicarious learning
C)Operant conditioning
D)Social conditioning
E)Model learning

Question 19

Learning by observation requires imitation of a model if the observer thinks the model is:

A)Unsuccessful
B)Attractive to the opposite sex
C)Very clever
D)Very tall
E)Successful

Question 20

Being given a reward for a behaviour is called:

A)Negative punishment
B)Negative reinforcement
C)Positive reinforcement
D)A present
E)A bribe

Question 21

Negative reinforcement is:

A)Losing a reward
B)Being punished
C)Paying a penalty
D)None of these
E)All of these

Question 22

Negative punishment is:

A)Losing a reward
B)Having something nice cancelled
C)Having a treat taken away
D)None of these
E)All of these

Question 23

Internal mental processes do not include:

A)Thinking
B)Sneezing
C)Imagining
D)Problem-solving
E)Planning

Question 24

A schema is something we:

A)Are always constructing
B)Learn from experience
C)Change as we know more
D)All of these
E)Use as mental "short-hand"

Question 25

The cognitive approach uses theoretical models and:

A)Doesn't link stimulus and response
B)Is a very faulty approach
C)All of these
D)Doesn't use computer models
E)None of these

Question 26

Mental processes is a term referring to:

A)Mental ill health
B)Mental disorders
C)Mental health
D)None of these
E)All of these

Question 27

The biological approach is about:

A)All of these
B)The genes
C)DNA
D)Neurochemistry
E)The brain

Question 28

Thorndyke's work was developed further by:

A)Skinner
B)Pavlov
C)Skinner and Pavlov
D)Wundt
E)Pavlov and Wundt