Question 1

Which of the following cases opened the legal door for the use of trained dogs during police investigations?&#10;A) Illinois v. Caballes&#10;B) United States v. Place&#10;C) Florida v. Harris&#10;D) Terry v. Ohio

Accepted Answer

United States v. Place (1983) was a landmark case that established the legality of using trained dogs to sniff luggage in public places without a warrant, as it was not considered a "search" under the Fourth Amendment.

Question 2

In ________, the Court held that the use of a trained dog to sniff a car during a lawful stop is valid even if the reason for the stop was not drug-related.&#10;A) Illinois v. Caballes&#10;B) United States v. Place&#10;C) Florida v. Harris&#10;D) Florida v. Jardines

Accepted Answer

In Illinois v. Caballes, the Supreme Court ruled that police do not need reasonable suspicion to use drug dogs to sniff a vehicle during a legitimate traffic stop. This decision was based on the premise that such a sniff does not constitute a search under the Fourth Amendment.

Question 3

Which of the following is not a common way in which dogs are employed in policing?&#10;A) Bomb and drug detection&#10;B) As an intimidation tool&#10;C) Border/customs searches&#10;D) As &#34;second officers&#34; on patrol

Accepted Answer

As an intimidation tool is not a common way in which dogs are employed in policing.

Question 4

What aspect of the dogs use in policing is most likely to be brought up to the courts?&#10;A) Searches&#10;B) Patrol&#10;C) Detective investigations&#10;D) Suspects' apprehensions

Accepted Answer

Searches involving police dogs can lead to legal challenges, particularly regarding the Fourth Amendment in the United States, which protects against unreasonable searches and seizures. Courts may scrutinize whether a dog's sniff constitutes a search and if the use of dogs in this manner was lawful and reasonable under the circumstances.

Question 5

Which of the following scenarios would not be considered a violation to an individual's right to privacy under the Fourth Amendment?&#10;A) The use of a police dog to sniff the interior of a vehicle during a lawful traffic stop&#10;B) The use of a police dog to sniff the exterior of a vehicle during a lawful traffic stop&#10;C) The use of a police dog to sniff the exterior of a vehicle during an unlawful traffic stop&#10;D) The use of a police dog to sniff the interior and exterior of a vehicle during a lawful traffic stop

Accepted Answer

The use of a police dog to sniff the exterior of a vehicle during a lawful traffic stop is not considered a violation of the Fourth Amendment. This is because the Supreme Court has ruled that a dog sniff around the exterior of a car does not constitute a "search" under the Fourth Amendment, as it does not intrude upon a legitimate expectation of privacy.

Question 6

The proper standard to determine the appropriateness of a search by a dog is ________.&#10;A) A rigid checklist of records&#10;B) A judge's opinion&#10;C) Totality of the circumstances&#10;D) External circumstances

Accepted Answer

The "totality of the circumstances" standard is used to evaluate the appropriateness of a search by a dog, considering all relevant circumstances rather than adhering to a strict checklist, solely a judge's opinion, or only external circumstances.

Question 7

An alert by a trained drug-sniffing dog usually serves as ________ to conduct a search.&#10;A) Reasonable evidence&#10;B) Reasonable suspicion&#10;C) Some suspicion&#10;D) Probable cause

Accepted Answer

An alert by a trained drug-sniffing dog is considered "probable cause" to conduct a search, as it indicates a high likelihood that evidence of a crime is present.

Question 8

In which of the following cases did the Court address issues concerning the reliability of drug-sniffing dogs in policing investigations?&#10;A) Illinois v. Caballes&#10;B) United States v. Place&#10;C) Florida v. Jardines&#10;D) Florida v. Harris

Accepted Answer

In Florida v. Harris, the Court addressed the reliability of drug-sniffing dogs, ruling that a dog's alert can establish probable cause if the dog is properly trained and certified.

Question 9

In which of the following cases did the Court address issues concerning the use of drug-sniffing dogs outside a suspect's home?&#10;A) Illinois v. Caballes&#10;B) United States v. Place&#10;C) Florida v. Jardines&#10;D) Florida v. Harris

Accepted Answer

In Florida v. Jardines, the Supreme Court addressed the issue of using drug-sniffing dogs on a suspect's porch, ruling that it constituted a search within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment, thus requiring a warrant.

Question 10

The employment of a trained dog to sniff within the boundaries of the curtilage of a house is considered a ________ in violation of the ________ Amendment.&#10;A) Seizure/Fourth&#10;B) Search/Fourth.&#10;C) Seizure/Eighth&#10;D) Seizure/Eighth.

Accepted Answer

The use of a trained dog to sniff within the boundaries of a house's curtilage is considered a search, not a seizure, and it is the Fourth Amendment that protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without a warrant or probable cause.

Question 11

Why is the use of drug-sniffing dogs within the boundaries of the curtilage of a house considered a violation of constitutional rights?&#10;A) Because it is considered trespass into a constitutionally protected area&#10;B) Because it is considered trespass into a secretive area&#10;C) Because it is considered a violation of the First Amendment&#10;D) Because it is considered a violation of an individual's right to own a home

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is the use of drug-sniffing dogs...

Question 12

Absent of reasonable suspicion, a dog sniff ________________ is a violation of the Fourth Amendment prohibition against unreasonable searches and seizures.&#10;A) that occurs before the officer issues a ticket&#10;B) that occurs after the officer issues a ticket&#10;C) that prolongs or extends the time of the stop&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Absent of reasonable suspicion, a dog sniff...

Question 13

The use of dogs in drug detection and preliminary searches has decreased over the years.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The use of dogs in drug detection...

Question 14

Before the development of a formalized police force, Egyptians relied on the use of dogs to guard and police pyramids.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Before the development of a formalized police...

Question 15

As a general rule, the sniff of a dog constitutes a search within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As a general rule, the sniff of...

Question 16

In order to establish a dog's reliability during an investigation, the state must present exhaustive records of the dog's field performance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order to establish a dog's reliability...

Question 17

Generally, the investigative procedure of subjecting luggage to a &#34;sniff test&#34; by a trained police dog does not constitute a search in violation of the Fourth Amendment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Generally, the investigative procedure of subjecting luggage...

Deck 14: Searches by Dogs