Deck 7: Animal Learning and Cognition

Question 1

Habituation is:

A) when we perform a behaviour by ritual or habit.
B) when we learn to focus our attention on a stimulus.
C) when we learn to ignore an irrelevant stimulus.
D) when we learn to ignore a relevant stimulus.

Answer 1

when we learn to ignore an irrelevant stimulus.

Question 2

A reflex can be described as:

A) an unconditioned response.
B) a conditioned stimulus.
C) an unconditioned stimulus.
D) a conditioned response.

Answer 2

an unconditioned response.

Question 3

Who first described classical conditioning?

A) Skinner
B) Piaget
C) Pavlov
D) Freud

Answer 3

Pavlov

Question 4

What are the main measures of the conditioned response?

A) Amplitude and probability
B) Amplitude and latency
C) Amplitude, probability and duration
D) Amplitude, probability and latency

Question 5

Extinction occurs:

A) when the CS is presented without the UCS.
B) when the CS is presented with the UCS.
C) when the CS is presented without the UCR.
D) when the CS is presented with the UCR.

Question 6

If the UCR is salivation and the CR is salivation, what is the CR when the UCS is electric shock?

A) Increased activity
B) Reduced salivation
C) Salivation
D) Reduced activity

Question 7

Contiguity is when:

A) the CR is elicited after the UCR.
B) the CS and UCS are presented closely in time.
C) the CR depends upon the UCS.
D) the CR depends upon the CS.

Question 8

The term used to describe the likelihood a CS predicts a UCS is:

A) certainty.
B) contingency.
C) dependency.
D) probability.

Question 9

The emergence of the CR after extinction is called:

A) spontaneous recovery.
B) stimulus generalization.
C) stimulus discrimination.
D) spontaneous retrieval.

Question 10

Thorndike described:

A) the law of association.
B) the law of probability.
C) the law of effect.
D) the law of learning.

Question 11

Reinforcement is:

A) when the consequence of a response increases the probability of that response occurring again.
B) when the consequence of a response decreases the probability of that response occurring again.
C) when the animal gets support from another animal to perform a task.
D) when the animal gains access to and knows what the task parameters are.

Question 12

Partial reinforcement:

A) permits learning to occur quickly.
B) reduces discrimination between stimuli.
C) increases stimulus generalization.
D) slows down the extinction process.

Question 13

An FR30 schedule of reinforcement is when:

A) a reinforcer is delivered after every 30 correct responses.
B) a reinforcer is delivered after an average of 30 correct responses.
C) a reinforcer is delivered after 30 minutes if the correct response has been made.
D) a reinforcer is delivered after an average of 30 minutes if the correct response has been made.

Question 14

Starting with basic behaviours and working up to training animals to perform complex tasks is called:

A) cognition.
B) starting.
C) showing.
D) shaping.

Question 15

Animals can be trained to discriminate between:

A) interoceptive stimuli.
B) exteroceptive stimuli.
C) interoceptive and exteroceptive stimuli.
D) classical and operant conditioning.

Question 16

Learning can be demonstrated at the neural level by the process called:

A) long-term polarization.
B) long-term potentiation.
C) long-term depolarization.
D) long-term potentials.

Question 17

The focus of LTP is on:

A) AMPA and NMDA receptors.
B) AMPA and GABA receptors.
C) GABA and DA receptors .
D) MDMA and AMPA receptors.

Question 18

Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are:

A) all forms of learning.
B) cognitive theories of memory acquisition.
C) all forms of attention.
D) All of the above.