Deck 5: Introduction to Psychobiology and Genetics

Question 1

Which of the following are subdivisions of psychobiology?

A) Neurology, psychiatry, psychopharmacology, neuropsychology
B) Psychobiology, behavioural neuroscience, biopsychology
C) Behavioural genetics, cognitive neuroscience, psychophysiology, psychopharmacology
D) Neuropsychology, genetics, biology, medicine

Answer 1

Behavioural genetics, cognitive neuroscience, psychophysiology, psychopharmacology

Question 2

To conduct animal research in the UK, you must have:

A) a qualification that demonstrates a level of competence, an academic supervisor in a university and a supervisor who is a qualified vet.
B) a licence from the Home Office that permits you to conduct an experiment.
C) a licence that permits you to perform a specific procedure on an animal for a particular purpose in a designated laboratory.
D) a licence that allows you to conduct any animal experiments in a designated laboratory.

Answer 2

a licence that permits you to perform a specific procedure on an animal for a particular purpose in a designated laboratory.

Question 3

The predictive validity of an animal model of behaviour is:

A) when you can generate and support a hypothesis that an intervention can either make a measurable behaviour worse or improve it.
B) when you are looking for a drug or treatment to cure a behavioural disorder the animal model should be able to detect potential efficacy.
C) when the animal model does not produce a false negative.
D) when the animal is able to predict what the researcher requires it to do in a learning experiment.

Answer 3

when you can generate and support a hypothesis that an intervention can either make a measurable behaviour worse or improve it.

Question 4

Natural selection is:

A) when the physically fittest members of a species get to access environmental resources and survive.
B) when a member of a species changes their behaviour/biology as a result of the environment they find themselves in.
C) a product of two members of a different species reproducing to make a stronger new sub-species.
D) when certain characteristics that are more beneficial to the organism are more likely to survive and reproduce and are passed to the next generation.

Question 5

Conspecifics are:

A) members of the same species.
B) members of the same social grouping.
C) members of a species that combine to create a new species.
D) members of the human race.

Question 6

An example of a dichotomous trait is:

A) the growth of large pea plants for scientific research.
B) eye colour.
C) having two eyes.
D) the ability to see to the left and right hand side of the nasal hemiretina.

Question 7

A recessive trait is:

A) expressed when it is overridden by a dominant trait.
B) expressed when the environmental circumstances are permissible.
C) not expressed because of the presence of a dominant trait.
D) a trait that has been deleted from the human genome by evolution.

Question 8

The phenotype and genotype:

A) are always identical.
B) are the observable characteristics of the genes and the genes respectively.
C) are the genetic products of mammalian reproduction that produce offspring that are identical to the parents.
D) are the female human genome sequence and the male human genome sequence respectively.

Question 9

An endophenotype is:

A) the genetic pedigree of sub-human species.
B) the final phenotype of an extinct species or disorder.
C) an account of genetic variation within a species.
D) an intermediate explanation of genes and a disorder.

Question 10

The two genes that control the same trait are called:

A) traits.
B) alleles.
C) autosomes.
D) gametes.

Question 11

Gametes are created by:

A) mitosis.
B) cross-breeding.
C) meiosis.
D) myxomatosis.

Question 12

The nucleotide bases guanine bind to which other nucleotide base on the DNA molecule?

A) Thymine
B) Guanine
C) Adenine
D) Cytosine

Question 13

The main function of DNA is to:

A) replicate itself and protein synthesis.
B) replicate itself for reproduction.
C) build new proteins.
D) none of the above.

Question 14

mRNA carries:

A) the DNA to the adjacent cells.
B) the DNA to the cytoplasm.
C) the DNA to the nucleus.
D) the code from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of the cell.

Question 15

The process of reading the DNA code is called:

A) translation.
B) transcription.
C) translocation.
D) transference.

Question 16

In the case of mRNA:

A) uracil substitutes for cytosine.
B) uracil substitutes for guanine.
C) uracil substitutes for adenine.
D) uracil substitutes for thyamine.

Question 17

Ribosomes:

A) read the sequence of mRNA and add amino acids as the codons instruct.
B) read the sequence of DNA and add proteins.
C) read the sequence of DNA and add mRNA as the codons instruct.
D) read the sequence of mRNA and add polypeptides as the codons instruct.

Question 18

Monozygotic twins are:

A) genetically different, but similar.
B) the same as regular siblings.
C) reared apart, but from the same parents.
D) genetically identical.