Deck 11: Fluency

Question 1

To develop automaticity, readers need to master all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Word identification
B) Semantics
C) Pragmatics
D) Word analysis
E) Phonological skills

Answer 1

Pragmatics

Question 2

Which of the following is (are) component(s) of fluency?

A) Rate
B) Automaticity
C) Prosody
D) All of the above
E) b and c

Answer 2

All of the above

Question 3

What does prosody include?

A) Parsing phrases
B) Expressive reading
C) Adhering to punctuation
D) All of the above
E) a and b

Answer 3

All of the above

Question 4

What does reciprocal theory suggest?

A) Comprehension precedes fluency.
B) Fluency is needed for comprehension.
C) Fluency is not important for comprehension.
D) The teacher models fluent reading to students.
E) The relationship between fluency and comprehension is a give-and-take relationship.

Question 5

Guiding principles for fluency instruction include which of the following?

A) Students need to hear fluent reading.
B) Students need opportunities to repeat readings.
C) Students need easy reading materials to practice fluency.
D) All of the above
E) b and c

Question 6

Which of the following are appropriate instructional practices to use with English learners?

A) Read a short passage that is on the student's instructional level.
B) Read chorally with the English learner.
C) Permit the English learner to practice the same text in order to gain fluency.
D) All of the above
E) b and c

Question 7

Appropriate informal assessments used to assess fluency include which of the following?

A) Running records
B) Miscue analysis
C) Retrospective miscue analysis
D) All of the above
E) b and c

Question 8

Appropriate formal assessments used to assess readers' fluency include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Gray Oral Reading Tests
B) Stanford Diagnostic Reading Test
C) Gilmore Oral Reading Test
D) Diagnostic Reading Scales
E) Iowa Test of Basic Skills

Question 9

All of the following strategies are appropriate to help students build fluency EXCEPT:

A) Echo reading
B) Readers theatre
C) Oral recitation lesson
D) Repeat readings
E) Total physical response strategy

Question 10

_______________ theory states that when fluency increases, comprehension increases; and when comprehension increases, fluency increases.

Question 11

The reader's ability to engage and coordinate a number of complex sub-skills and strategies with little cognitive effort is called _______________.

Question 12

Words that appear most often in all texts and are irregular are called _______________.

Question 13

_______________ is a reader's ability to recognize phrases instead of seeing each word by itself.

Question 14

Reading with_______________ is making the written word sound like speech.

Question 15

The four major components of fluency are __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Question 16

Three formal tests that assess fluency are __________, __________, and __________.

Question 17

Three means of assessing fluency informally are __________, __________, and __________.

Question 18

Discuss the major components of fluency. Explain the differences between fluency and dysfluency.

Question 19

What is the Reciprocal Theory? Do you agree or disagree with this theory? Give reasons for your stance.

Question 20

Explain how you would calculate the rate of a reader's silent and oral reading.

Question 21

Explain all the sub-skills of automaticity. What strategies would you use to teach a student who lacks automaticity, and in what activities would you engage the student?

Question 22

Explain prosody. What strategies would you use to teach a student who lacks prosody, and in what activities would you engage the student?

Question 23

Explain what activities help students improve their oral expression.

Question 24

Explain how you would use a retrospective miscue analysis to improve a student's fluency.

Question 25

What are some differences between good and poor instruction in fluency?

Question 26

The text gives eight research-based guidelines for fluency instruction. Discuss at least four of these guidelines.

Question 27

Explain the following: echo reading, impress reading, review-pause-prompt-praise, oral recitation lesson (O.R.L.), choral reading, and Carbo's recorded book method. Discuss how each of these helps students improve fluency.